00:31 - WELCOME TO THE CEMETERY.

00:32 - MY NAME IS JOE BECTON. FROM

00:34 - CONTROLLED A FEW PENNSYLVANIA

00:36 - HERE TO TALK ABOUT ONE OF THE

00:37 - MOST UNUSUAL BURIAL GROUNDS IN

00:40 - PENNSYLVANIA. THE EDEN

00:42 - CEMETERY.

00:43 - NOW IN THE MIDDLE OF THE STORY

00:44 - IS 19 '02 WHEN THEY OPEN UP TO

00:46 - US PARTICULAR CEMETERY. LOCAL

00:49 - GUYS PUT THEIR MONEY TOGETHER.

00:51 - TO BUY THE PROPERTY FROM A GUY

00:53 - NAMED TYLER AND COULD TO SET UP

00:55 - SOME 53 ACRES. SO LET'S START

00:58 - WITH THOSE GUYS WE REMEMBER I

01:00 - RECOGNIZE THEM HORSE, THERE IS

01:02 - JOHN ASBURY THERE WAS.

01:05 - SHARON BACON THERE IS CHARLES W

01:07 - JONES IT WAS MARTIN LEHMAN IT

01:10 - WAS DANIEL PURVIS. SO THESE ARE

01:12 - THE 5 MEN ESTABLISHED

01:14 - EATING CEMETERY. ALL RIGHT,

01:16 - IT'S A STYLISH AND SHE'S THE

01:17 - MIDDLE OF THE STORY WHERE THE

01:19 - CEMETERY. IT IS MUCH OLDER IN

01:21 - 19 '02. WHEN THE WHOLE THING

01:23 - GOT STARTED HERE IN THE BLACK

01:25 - COMMUNITY IN PHILADELPHIA.

01:27 - WE WANTED A PLACE TO BURY OUR

01:29 - OUR OUR OUR LOVED ONES, MAINE,

01:31 - AND OF COURSE IN THOSE DAYS IT

01:32 - WAS TOTALLY INAPPROPRIATE TO

01:34 - BURY AVERAGE AS WE BEAR

01:35 - EUROPEAN, IT. SO WE DID HAVE A

01:38 - BREEZE TO MARRY

01:39 - DOWN IN PHILADELPHIA, SOME OF

01:40 - THE VARIOUS STARTED AT A PLACE

01:41 - CALLED CONGO SQUARE, WHAT WE

01:44 - TODAY CALL WASHINGTON SQUARE.

01:46 - 6 IN WALNUT FOR SOME OF THE

01:47 - BURIALS BEGAN AIR AND MANY OF

01:50 - THE BEARS WHO BEGAN THERE WOULD

01:51 - ALSO BE MOVED TO ONE OF

01:53 - THE CHURCHES AND THEN

01:54 - ULTIMATELY BE MOVED HERE AT

01:56 - EDEN SO WE GO ALL THE

01:58 - WAY BACK WE CAN FIND PEOPLE

01:59 - LIKE GAMES FORTON BARRY

02:02 - SAINT THOMAS CHURCH DOWNTOWN.

02:04 - EVERY INTERRED. LEBANON AND

02:06 - THEN MOVED HERE. FINALLY THE

02:08 - EVENING, IT HELPED

02:09 - HE WAS A SOLDIER IN THE

02:10 - AMERICAN REVOLUTION, YOU

02:11 - BROUGHT SO YOU HEARD OF HIM.

02:13 - JAMES FORTON AFTER REVOLUTION,

02:14 - HE BECAME A BUSINESSMAN

02:16 - SALE MAKER ONE OF THE MOST

02:18 - PROSPEROUS APPLICANTS IN NORTH

02:20 - AMERICA AND IF A PHILADELPHIA

02:22 - IN PARTICULAR. SO WE LOOK FOR

02:24 - THE ORIGINS BE DONE. WE HAVE TO

02:27 - GO ALL THE WAY BACK IF A COMMA

02:28 - SAYS AFTER GOING TO HIS CULTURE

02:30 - CHURCH AND SO THERE'S THAT THEY

02:32 - WERE HERE. THEY WILL MOVE FROM

02:34 - WHERE THEY WERE 5TH IN A DELPHI

02:36 - APPEAR TO BE EVEN ULTIMATELY.

02:38 - NOW THAT'S ONLY ONE GO TO PUT

02:41 - A BEGINNING. YEAH BECAUSE VERY

02:43 - AROUND THEIR CHURCHES BECAUSE

02:44 - THEY SAID IT WAS JUST TELLING

02:45 - THE PREJUDICE SAID YOU CAN'T

02:47 - VERY BLACKS AND WHITES IN THE

02:48 - SAME PLACE. SO AT THEIR

02:50 - CHURCHES THEY WILL BEGIN THEIR

02:51 - BURIAL. SO SAINT THOMAS'S THE

02:54 - AFRICAN PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH,

02:56 - MOTHERS OR OF MOTHER BETHEL ALL

02:59 - THESE CHURCHES BURIAL GROUNDS

03:01 - WE'RE R-BERRY OUR ANCESTORS AND

03:03 - WE GAVE RESPECT THOSE

03:04 - ANCESTORS.

03:08 - THIS IS

03:08 - THE CEMETERY. THIS IS A TOWN

03:11 - COLLINGDALE PENNSYLVANIA.

03:13 - RIGHT ON SPRINGFIELD ROAD.

03:14 - SO NOT HARD TO FIND IF YOU EVER

03:17 - GO THROUGH DARBY ARE VERY VERY

03:18 - CLOSE. AND THE DISLOCATION OF

03:21 - THE CEMETERY. ACTUALLY HERE'S A

03:22 - ROW CEMETERIES IS THE MESS IN

03:24 - A CEMETERY. AND THEN THE OTHER

03:26 - TO METAIRIE IN AND EVEN FEEL IT

03:28 - RIGHT IN A ROW OF 3 CEMETERY.

03:30 - SO ONCE AGAIN I WANT TO

03:31 - ENCOURAGE YOU TO COME OUT TO

03:32 - THE CEMETERIES TODAY PEOPLE

03:35 - DON'T LIKE IT THEY'RE AFRAID

03:36 - THEY THINK THAT THERE'S GHOSTS

03:37 - HERE ARE SOME FUN, BUT THE ONLY

03:38 - GOES THAT YOU'LL FIND IN THE

03:39 - CEMETERY. IT'S THE GHOST OF

03:41 - YOUR FAMILY STORIES THAT YOU DO

03:43 - NOT KNOW.

03:45 - HERE WE ARE IN ALL OF SECTION.

03:47 - A B

03:48 - EVEN CEMETERY. IT'S CALLED THE

03:50 - ALICE SECTION BECAUSE THERE

03:52 - WAS A CEMETERY IN PHILADELPHIA

03:54 - AT 44TH AND DRIED CALLED

03:56 - OLIVE CEMETERY, SOMETIMES

03:58 - CALLED FOR STEPHEN SMITH

03:59 - CEMETERY. THAT'S WHERE THE

04:00 - STEPHEN SMITH HOME FREE AGENT

04:02 - CALLED IN FROM IS STILL LOCATED

04:04 - TUESDAY.

04:05 - IT FELT THIS GRAVEYARD IT

04:07 - STARTED AROUND 1849. DOWN IS

04:10 - THIS A WEST VILLAGE. IT'S VERY

04:12 - INTERESTING BECAUSE RIGHT

04:13 - ACROSS THE STREET FROM WHAT WAS

04:15 - THE OLD CATHEDRAL GRAVEYARD.

04:16 - WE ALSO STARTED ABOUT 1848,

04:19 - 1849.

04:20 - >>SO THIS IS ALL PART OF A

04:21 - MOVEMENT TO TAKE THE GRAVEYARDS

04:23 - AND MOVE THEM TO THE EXTERIOR

04:26 - OF THE OUTSIDE AND HOW

04:28 - SO.

04:28 - >>OLIVE LEBANON CEMETERY.

04:34 - WERE STABBED LIST ARE DOING A

04:36 - VERY SPECIAL TIME IN AMERICAN

04:38 - HISTORY. EVERYBODY WAS THINKING

04:39 - ABOUT HOW TO GET BACK TO NATURE

04:41 - HOW TO RECREATE. SO FRED ROLL

04:43 - ONTO THE COURSE CREATE A

04:44 - CENTRAL PARK IN NEW YORK.

04:46 - SO IT IS ALL ABOUT GROWTH OF

04:47 - THIS NEW IDEA. I HAVEN'T AN

04:50 - URBAN SPACE. WHEN YOU CAN

04:52 - RECREATE IF YOU WILL RECREATE

04:54 - AND OF COURSE TODAY WE CALL IN

04:55 - RECREATION SPOT FOR RECREATION

04:57 - CENTER. SO IN THOSE DAYS ON A

04:59 - SUNDAY UNUSUAL FOR A FAMILY TO

05:01 - COME OUT TO THE GRAY ZONE AND

05:03 - VISIT THEIR FAMILY MEMBER.

05:05 - IN PARTICULAR GREYSTONE

05:07 - BELONGED TO WILLIAM RIPPER,

05:08 - WHEN RIVER WITH FAMOUS

05:10 - PENNSYLVANIA STARTED OUT HIS

05:12 - CAREER IN COLOMBIA,

05:13 - PENNSYLVANIA. HE WAS INVOLVED A

05:15 - RARE ROAD HE WAS INVOLVED WITH

05:17 - NUMBER HE WAS INVOLVED WITH

05:18 - COLD HIS PARTNER. THE SMITH,

05:21 - STEPHEN SMITH, SO STEPHEN SMITH

05:23 - AND WILLIAM RIVER HAD

05:24 - A PARTNERSHIP AND WHICH

05:26 - INCLUDED IF YOU WILL MERGING

05:28 - MEN TRAIN CARS.

05:30 - OR NEWS WMUR GERMAN TRAIN CARS

05:32 - THESE 2 GUYS ACTUALLY OPERATE

05:34 - AN UNDERGROUND RAILROAD

05:35 - ACTIVITY PUTTING PEOPLE INTO

05:37 - THE TRAIN CARS,

05:38 - FILLING A CAR WITH LUMBER AND

05:40 - OR COAL AND THEN DRIVING IT TO

05:42 - A NEW LOCATION WHERE PEOPLE

05:44 - COULD GET OUT AND CONTINUING

05:45 - THEIR ROAD TO FREEDOM. SO WITH

05:47 - HER A BUSINESSMAN WE

05:49 - WENT FOR A GUY WORKING ON

05:51 - SAVING AMERICA. HOW DO YOU SAVE

05:53 - AMERICA. THE AMERICAN MORE

05:55 - REFORMS OVER THIS NATION.

05:56 - YES, YOU HEARD ABOUT IT MAYBE

05:58 - YOU THEN JAMES FORTON SET UP IN

06:00 - 1830'S. IF YOU WHAT'S THE

06:02 - PROBLEM HERE IN AMERICA AS

06:03 - WE'RE LOSING OUR MORALS IS THAT

06:05 - LET'S BRING THE WORLD AMERICA

06:07 - BACK. JAMES FORTON WITH HER

06:10 - STEPHEN SMITH, ROBERT PER AND

06:13 - STILL THE PART OF THE AMERICAN

06:15 - MORE REFORM SOCIETY. THESE

06:17 - AFRICANS WE'RE GOING TO BE FORM

06:18 - TOMORROW OF AMERICA. NO

06:22 - BUT THAT'S WHAT THEY HAD IN

06:23 - MIND AND THAT'S WHERE THEY

06:24 - WROTE.

06:24 - >>IN 1835. SO THIS

06:28 - BABY ART WAS ACTUALLY SET ASIDE

06:30 - FOR PEOPLE OF COLOR. MANY OF

06:32 - THEM HAVE BEEN IN THE HOME FOR

06:34 - THE COLOR AGE AND INFIRM MANY

06:36 - OTHERS WHERE VETERANS WHO

06:38 - CAME OUT ONE OF THE MOST FAMOUS

06:39 - GOT INTO VERY HERE IN ALL OF

06:41 - THEM, BUT THE GUY AARON

06:43 - ANDERSON SOMETIMES CALLED AARON

06:45 - ANDERSON BARRY RIGHT HERE AT

06:47 - THE OLIVE CEMETERY. HE WAS IN

06:48 - THE NAVY, ANYONE OF MEDAL OF

06:50 - HONOR DURING THE 1865, FIGHTING

06:53 - BUDDY, UNITED STATES IN THE

06:54 - UNION. WE'RE DONE WITH HER

06:57 - MOTHER THAT WE'VE GOT. JOHN

06:59 - PAUL R YOU WITH HERE I READ IT.

07:04 - REMEMBERS SUN AND

07:06 - AN HE WAS A

07:08 - BIG ACTIVIST IN THE UNDER OUR

07:10 - ROAD HERE IN PHILADELPHIA.

07:11 - INITIALLY WENT TO SAINT

07:13 - THOMAS'S AFRICAN METHODIST

07:14 - EPISCOPAL CHURCH AND THEN

07:16 - SWITCHING OVER TO THE

07:16 - PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. SO.

07:19 - HIS WIFE WAS NAMED HEAD.

07:20 - UBER SHE WAS A MEMBER OF THE

07:22 - PHILADELPHIA FEMALE

07:23 - ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY, MARY

07:25 - RIGHT OVER HERE BESIDE HER

07:26 - HUSBAND LAST BUT NOT LEAST

07:28 - RIGHT BEHIND THEM, THERE'S A

07:29 - VERY UNUSUAL STATUTE. YEAH, I

07:32 - BELIEVE THAT THE ONE FINGER

07:35 - I MEAN THEY ARE.

07:42 - SO SO FAR WE'VE NOW WON ISLAMIC

07:44 - HEADSTONE IN HIS YARD AND

07:46 - YOU'LL GET A GOOD LOOK AT THAT

07:47 - TOO. SO. OLIVE CEMETERY HAS TO

07:51 - BE MOVED WHEN THEY'RE MADE TO

07:52 - MOVE IN THEY BRING IN AND MOVE

07:54 - IT HERE. WHAT DO

07:55 - THEY BRING THEY BROUGHT

07:56 - MOTHER'S DOOR WHICH WAS VERY

07:58 - VERY BIG WHAT WESTERLY WHICH

07:59 - WAS VERY DEAR THE BOSS, STEPHEN

08:01 - SMITH, WE WAS A VERY DEAR BY

08:03 - MOVING ONE GRAVEYARD ACTUALLY

08:05 - MOVE FOR AT THERE'S EVEN MORE

08:07 - IN TERMS OF WHO WAS MOVED AND

08:09 - WHO WAS NOT WE GET TO LEBANON

08:11 - GRAVEYARD.

08:15 - WELL OF COURSE EVEN HAS A

08:16 - A WONDERFUL UNDERGROUND

08:18 - RAILROAD HISTORY TO OUR MISSION

08:20 - AND ABOUT RIVER THERE ARE SOME

08:22 - OTHER PEOPLE THAT WANT TO TAKE

08:23 - A CLOSE-UP OF FOR THE

08:24 - UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. NOW WHEN

08:26 - IT COMES TO AFRICAN-AMERICANS

08:28 - YOU KNOW ONE THING ABOUT US.

08:29 - WE ALWAYS VOLUNTEER. WE

08:31 - HAVE PARTICIPATED IN EVERY WAR

08:34 - AND MOST OF THE BATTLES THAT

08:36 - UNITED STATES OF AMERICA HAS

08:37 - THERE BEEN INVOLVED IN SO ALL

08:39 - THE BACK TO THE AMERICAN

08:40 - REVOLUTION. WE HAD A PLACE

08:42 - THERE ARE PEOPLE LIKE JANE

08:43 - HORTON HANNAH TILL. JOHN EMERY.

08:47 - DURING THE WAR OF

08:48 - 1812. GAMES FORTON PUT TOGETHER

08:51 - HIS BRIGADE FORT BRIGADE IN A

08:53 - PREPARING TO FIGHT THE BRITISH

08:55 - THEY CAME TO WASHINGTON D C I

08:57 - GUESS LOOKING FOR US ALL THEY

08:58 - NEVER CAME UP FROM WASHINGTON

09:00 - DC. THEN NEW

09:01 - IN IT CIVIL IN A CIVIL WAR

09:04 - COURSE, THE UNITED STATES SAID

09:06 - CABINS NO WE DON'T WE DON'T

09:08 - WANT YOU. WE DON'T NEED YOU YOU

09:10 - DON'T NEED US. WELL IN

09:12 - 1861 WHO WON MOST OF THE

09:14 - BATTLE.

09:16 - BRADY 62 WHO WON MOST OF THE

09:18 - BAL. BUT IN

09:20 - 1863 WHEN ABRAHAM LINCOLN

09:22 - FINALLY THIS YEAR HIS SHE NOTED

09:25 - ASIAN PROCLAMATION, THEN THIS

09:28 - BAG FOR THE FIRST TIME ACTUALLY

09:29 - MEANT FREEDOM. THE

09:31 - 35 STAR FLAG AND MARCH FROM

09:32 - TOWN TO TOWN CITY TO CITY FARM

09:35 - THE FARM TELLING EVERYBODY, THE

09:37 - DAY FREE.

09:39 - SO WHEN YOU FIND THESE FLAGS IN

09:41 - OUR VARIOUS GRAVEYARDS YOU KNOW

09:44 - TO SEE IT THAT'S A CIVIL

09:45 - WAR SOLDIER, A LITTLE CLOSER

09:47 - INVESTIGATION, WE'LL FIND OUT

09:49 - THAT MIGHT HAVE BEEN A SALE

09:50 - LIKE BENJAMIN CORK OR.

09:53 - A SOLDIER FROM ANY NUMBER OF

09:54 - REGIMENTS THE REGIMENT POSTED

09:56 - ABROAD TODAY. THE 25TH USC

09:58 - TEAM, ONE OF THOSE GUYS VERY

10:00 - RIGHT ALONG THOSE

10:02 - SO 20 GIVE US E T IT'S ONLY

10:06 - 5 STAR FLAG AND AFTER THAT OF

10:08 - COURSE THEN THERE'S THE SPANISH

10:10 - AMERICAN WAR. I

10:11 - AND YET TO KNOW OF HONORS IN

10:14 - THE YARD, ONE A DRAG NEAR TO

10:16 - THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR AND

10:17 - ONE. WE JUST HAD SECTION.

10:20 - AARON ANDERSON OR SANDERS IN.

10:25 - MELLOW

10:25 - OF HONORS PEOPLE BECAUSE OF A

10:27 - DIGITAL REVOLUTION WAR OF 1812.

10:30 - NOT A GOOD AMERICAN WAR

10:32 - CIVIL WAR. THAT'S AMERICAN WAR,

10:35 - SO-CALLED INDIAN WARS, WHILE

10:37 - WAR ONE WORLD WAR 2. IT ALL.

10:40 - IF YOU LOOK AROUND HIS YARD.

10:42 - YOU'LL FIND VETERANS FROM EVERY

10:43 - WAR. EVEN KOREA AND CONFLICT.

10:47 - PEOPLE GAVE HIM OUR COMMUNITY.

10:49 - THE FIGHT FOR OUR COMMUNITY

10:51 - AROUND THE WORLD. UNDER THIS

10:54 - FLAG. SO WE

10:57 - MUST REMEMBER.

10:58 - THE DEATHS MAYBE OUR IS STILL

11:00 - VERY HE WAS A DAY. IT WAS A DAY

11:02 - WHERE BABY IN ON VETERANS.

11:04 - OVERNIGHT SECTION. EVERY WAR AS

11:08 - I SAID EARLIER, IT'S CAPTURED

11:09 - HERE AT IN.

11:13 - DOWN THE PEBBLE RIVER LEVI KROM

11:15 - WELL. THE RIGHT SERVE IN THE

11:17 - 22ND, UNITED STATES COLORED

11:19 - TROOPS IN THE CIVIL WAR.

11:26 - THEY WERE ALL MOVED HERE AND

11:28 - BURIED.

11:30 - NOW TO SELL US TO AN AREA, A

11:32 - VERY SPECIAL STORY BECAUSE A

11:34 - WOMAN. I STARTED THE ARE.

11:37 - SO STAN DIED UNEXPECTEDLY THE

11:39 - FAMILY EXPECT HER

11:41 - TO DIE. BUT THEY WERE WORKING

11:42 - ON BIDEN IS GRAVE YARD AND

11:44 - PLATINUM BREVARD FOR YEARS I TO

11:46 - BRING OUR ROB. THE PEOPLE IN

11:47 - THE COMMUNITY BLOCKED THE ROAD.

11:50 - BUT NO YOU WON'T BE BARRY NOR

11:51 - HERE. WHAT THEY DECIDE

11:53 - TO DO. IT WAS GO AWAY AND COME

11:55 - BACK LATER. WHEN THE CROWD

11:57 - WASN'T HERE. THEY CAME BACK AND

11:59 - IN BAD THING FIRST BURIAL IN

12:02 - THE SOUTH IN SECOND AND IN THE

12:04 - EANES THE MATTER. SO FROM THE

12:06 - VERY BEGINNING, THERE WAS

12:07 - CONTENTION AN ISSUE.

12:11 - WELL HERE WE ARE IN

12:12 - LEBANON SECTION.

12:14 - >>OF THE EVEN A CEMETERY.

12:15 - IT'S CALLED THE LEBANON SECTION

12:17 - BECAUSE IT WAS A CEMETERY

12:19 - MEGHAN THE 1850'S IN SOUTH

12:21 - PHILADELPHIA 19TH AND WOLF

12:23 - CALLED THE LEBANON CEMETERY.

12:25 - IT

12:25 - WAS UP JACOB SEE WHITE WAS A

12:27 - GUY ORGANIZE THE CEMETERY AND

12:29 - GOT HIM GOING. AS WE MENTIONED

12:30 - BEFORE THAT PARTICULAR

12:32 - CEMETERY. IT WAS A PLACE

12:34 - IT WORKED YOU CREATED A

12:35 - BUSINESS TO MAKE MONEY RIGHT.

12:38 - >>NOW THIS GUY OCTAVIA KETO UP.

12:40 - BUT ONE OF THE MORE

12:41 - FAMOUS INDIVIDUALS. JUST AN AND

12:44 - AND I KNOW I SAY AMAZING A LOT

12:46 - WHERE DOES AN AMAZING MAN.

12:47 - HE WAS AN EDUCATOR HE WENT IN

12:49 - IS TO FOR COLORED YOUTH AND AS

12:51 - YOU GRADUATE FROM THE U.S. TO

12:52 - RECALL USE. THEY OFFERED HIM A

12:54 - JOB AS A TEACHER. HE BECAME A

12:55 - TEACHER AND JANET HE'S TO BE

12:58 - ABLE TO USE TO STUDY WITH.

13:01 - HE WAS A SPORTSMAN

13:02 - AN AMAZING WHEN THOSE GUYS THEY

13:03 - CALLED A SPORTING MAN BUT HE

13:05 - WAS A SPORTSMAN THAT

13:07 - BASEBALL TEAM WITH THAT

13:08 - BASEBALL TEAM, A BLACK BASEBALL

13:10 - TEAM. THEY WILL CHALLENGE MANY

13:11 - OF THE WAY BASEBALL TEAMS IN

13:12 - PHILADELPHIA, TO DIFFERENT

13:14 - VARIOUS GAMES. SO THE PISTONS

13:17 - WAS NAMED AS BASEBALL TEAM.

13:19 - HE WAS THE LEADER OF THAT TEAM.

13:21 - AND OF COURSE HE WAS WORKING IN

13:22 - A SOCIAL INJUSTICE. ONE OF THE

13:24 - FAMOUS STORIES ABOUT HIM.

13:25 - AS THAT WE WERE NOT ALLOWED TO

13:27 - RIDE ON THE INSIDE OF THE

13:29 - TROLLEY CARS COURSE HE'S A

13:30 - HORSE TRIALS OF THE TIME.

13:32 - SO A BOYCOTT.

13:36 - 1866 AGAINST

13:37 - BLACKS BEING MADE TO RIDE ON

13:38 - THE OUTSIDE OR NEXT YEAR IT

13:40 - RALLIES. THEY WON THAT FIGHT

13:42 - AND BLACK WERE GIVEN A RIGHT TO

13:43 - TRAVEL INSIDE OF DRIVEWAYS SO I

13:46 - KNEW BEFORE

13:47 - ROSA PARKS. OCTAVIUS KATO AND

13:49 - HIS GIRLFRIEND, CAROLINE

13:51 - COUNTY. DID THE SAME THING

13:54 - RIGHT HERE IN PHILADELPHIA.

13:56 - THE TROLLEY BOYCOTT. SO.

13:59 - THIS EQUAL LIGHTS BIG

14:00 - PENNSYLVANIA, CHARLIE BOYCOTT.

14:02 - AN EDUCATOR AUSABLE LANGUAGES,

14:05 - A SPORTSMAN THIS GUY WAS ALL

14:07 - OVER THE PLACE AND OF COURSE

14:09 - ONE OF OUR FAVORITE FAMOUS

14:10 - PHILADELPHIANS. OCTAVIUS

14:12 - VALENTINE COTTLE.

14:16 - I'M CRAIG STOP AN ASSOCIATE

14:17 - PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AT

14:18 - DELAWARE VALLEY UNIVERSITY IN

14:19 - DOYLESTOWN ALSO ON THE BOARD OF

14:21 - EVEN CEMETERY.

14:23 - >>AND ONE OF THE REMARKABLE

14:24 - STORIES ABOUT THE CEMETERY IS

14:26 - HOW IT CAME ABOUT IN THE FIRST

14:28 - PLACE AND HOW THIS LAND.

14:31 - EVENTUALLY TURNS INTO EVEN

14:33 - CEMETERY IN

14:34 - 19 '02. IT STARTED WITH THE LA

14:36 - NOT INDIAN TRAILS THAT WERE IN

14:39 - THIS AREA, INCLUDING THE

14:40 - INQUEST RAIL THAT RAN THROUGH

14:42 - THIS AREA. WILLIAM PENN'S LAND

14:44 - TRACKS

14:46 - CREATING CHESTER COUNTY

14:47 - INITIALLY AS ONE OF THE FIRST 3

14:49 - COUNTIES AND EVENTUALLY

14:50 - DELAWARE COUNTY LATER. THE BAR

14:51 - TRUMP FAMILY.

14:53 - WHO COMES IN AND HAS A QUAKER

14:58 - BUYS UP A LOT OF THE LAND HERE

14:59 - AND FARMSTEAD ON THIS LAND

15:02 - AND IN THE 19TH EARLY

15:05 - 20TH CENTURY. JOHN TYLER

15:07 - ALSO A QUAKER AND ALSO KNOWN

15:09 - FOR TYLER ARBORETUM IN DELAWARE

15:10 - COUNTY PURCHASING THE LAND AT

15:13 - SHERIFF'S SALE THIS 53 ACRE

15:15 - PLOT THAT IS FROM THE BARK FROM

15:16 - FAMILY. AND THEN

15:20 - EVENTUALLY CELLS THAT LAND VERY

15:21 - QUICKLY TO JOHN SEE AS BARRY

15:24 - WHO IS ONE OF THE FOUNDERS OF

15:25 - EVEN CEMETERY AND THAT'S SORT

15:27 - OF THE ORIGIN STORY OF BEATING

15:28 - SEN.

15:32 - JOHN CS PERRY IS ONE OF

15:34 - THE 5 FOUNDERS OF

15:34 - EDEN CEMETERY AND HE'S

15:37 - IMPORTANT FOR A NUMBER OF OTHER

15:39 - THAN HIS LIFE WHERE HE BECOMES

15:42 - ONE OF THE FIRST

15:43 - AFRICAN AMERICAN. PENNSYLVANIA

15:46 - REPRESENTATIVES IN THE EARLY

15:47 - 1920'S. HE WAS A LAWYER

15:50 - WHO ACTUALLY SUCCESSFULLY

15:51 - DEFENDED THE CEMETERY IN THE

15:53 - BEGINNING OF ITS OPERATIONS

15:55 - CELESTIN CRAAB WELL

15:57 - WHO WAS THE FIRST BURIAL WAS

15:59 - NOT ALLOWED TO BE LAID

16:01 - TO REST IN THE CEMETERY WHEN

16:03 - THEY WERE PLOTTING OUT THE

16:05 - LAND. I'M KIND OF ORGANIZING

16:08 - THE CEMETERY AS A COMPANY AND

16:10 - AS A AS A BUSINESS. SO THE

16:13 - BOROUGH COLLINGDALE WAS NOT

16:15 - HAPPY ABOUT HAVING AN AFRICAN

16:16 - AMERICAN BURIAL GROUND IN THEIR

16:17 - BACKYARD AND JOHN SEE AS PERRY

16:20 - WENT TO COURT TO FIGHT AN

16:21 - INJUNCTION THAT WAS ISSUED BY

16:23 - THE BOARD AND THE JUDGES IN

16:25 - THE BOROUGH CLOSE THE CEMETERY

16:28 - AND NOT LET IT OPERATE AND HE

16:29 - SUCCESSFULLY DEFEATED THAT

16:30 - INJUNCTION ARGUED THAT THE

16:33 - CEMETERY SHOULD BE IN

16:34 - OPERATION. IT'S NOT SOON

16:37 - AFTER THAT.

16:39 - IT WOULD ALSO INCORPORATE MANY

16:40 - OF THE PHIL PHILADELPHIA'S

16:42 - HISTORIC LEBANON CEMETERY

16:45 - IS INCORPORATED A RE INTERRED

16:47 - PASSYUNK AVENUE 19 FROM

16:48 - PASSYUNK HERE IN 19 '03

16:51 - STARTING IN 19 '03 OLIVE

16:54 - CEMETERY IN

16:55 - 1923. AND ALSO HISTORIC

16:58 - AFRICAN-AMERICAN CEMETERY IN

16:59 - THE CITY AND ONE OF THE REASONS

17:00 - AS BARRY ALSO REALIZE THAT THE

17:02 - CEMETERY WAS SO

17:03 - HISTORIC WAS THAT NOT ONLY

17:05 - WOULD IT IMPORTANT PLACE MOVING

17:07 - FORWARD FROM THE EARLY 20TH

17:09 - CENTURY TO TODAY WITH BURIALS

17:11 - BUT THAT IT ALSO ENCOMPASSED

17:13 - ALL

17:13 - OF THESE IN TOURNAMENTS IN THE

17:15 - PAST AND PASS TERRY'S THE FIRST

17:17 - AFRICAN.

17:19 - PRESBYTERIAN THE ZOAR AFRICAN.

17:24 - AND THE AMY WESLEY CHURCH ARE A

17:27 - NUMBER OF CHURCHES THAT WERE RE

17:28 - IN TURN OUT THROUGHOUT THE 20TH

17:30 - CENTURY.

17:33 - IT EVEN CEMETERY, WE HAVE A

17:34 - NUMBER OF RELIGIOUS LEADERS.

17:37 - >>DREAMILY IN THE 19TH CENTURY

17:39 - IDA B ROBINSON AND HER HOLINESS

17:41 - CHURCH IN

17:41 - THE LATE MID EARLY TO MID

17:44 - 20TH CENTURY. AND CHARLES

17:46 - OPPORTUNE LEE I'M AND MANY MORE

17:48 - IN CHARLES OPPORTUNE LEE WITH

17:50 - IS FAMOUS STANLEY TEMPLE STILL

17:52 - IN OPERATION AT BROUGHT IN

17:54 - FITZWATER TODAY DOWN IN CENTER

17:56 - PHILLY,

17:57 - I'M VERY WELL KNOWN FOR HIS

18:00 - CIVIL RIGHTS ACTIVISM HIS

18:02 - LARGE CONGREGATION, GOSPEL

18:05 - HYMNAL WRITING IN HIS

18:06 - MUSIC MUSICIANSHIP HIS GOSPEL

18:09 - HYMNAL WAS THE FIRST AFRICAN

18:10 - AMERICAN GOSPEL HIM KNOW THAT

18:11 - WAS PUBLISHED IN THE UNITED

18:13 - STATES IN 1921. AND HE'S ALSO

18:16 - FAMOUS FOR. I'M WRITING THE

18:18 - SONG WE SHALL OVERCOME

18:19 - WHICH BECOMES PICKED UP BY THE

18:21 - CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN THE

18:24 - 1960'S AS AN ANTHEM FOR THE

18:26 - MOVEMENT.

18:29 - SO HERE WE ARE AT GRAVESITE OF

18:31 - JOHN BAXTER

18:33 - WHO WAS THE FIRST AFRICAN

18:34 - AMERICAN OLYMPIC GOLD MEDALIST

18:36 - IN 19 '08 IN THE

18:37 - LONDON OLYMPICS. AND THE MEDLEY

18:40 - RELAY HE WAS THE 400 METER

18:41 - RUNNER.

18:43 - TRAGICALLY DIED OF

18:46 - PNEUMONIA. ONLY A FEW MONTHS

18:48 - AFTER THE OLYMPICS AND. HE

18:52 - AN INCREDIBLE NOT ONLY RUNNER

18:54 - BUT ALSO AN ACADEMIC.

18:56 - HE WAS A GRADUATE OF THE

18:58 - UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

18:59 - SCHOOL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE.

19:00 - SO ONE OF THE FIRST AFRICAN

19:01 - AMERICAN GRADUATES OF THAT

19:02 - SCHOOL AFTER JOHN BAXTER

19:05 - TAYLOR'S DEATH IN 19 '08.

19:07 - THE UNITED STATES OLYMPIC TRACK

19:09 - AND FIELD TEAM CAME OUT TO HIS

19:12 - SERVICE AT THE CEMETERY.

19:14 - AND IT WAS I MENTION IN THE

19:16 - OBITUARY THAT IT WAS AN

19:18 - INCREDIBLE EVENT

19:20 - YOU'RE HONORING OR THAT THE

19:22 - COMMUNITY AND ALSO THE THE U.S.

19:24 - OLYMPIC COMMUNITY IS HONORING

19:25 - JOHN BAXTER TAYLOR'S LIFE.

19:30 - WE'RE ACTUALLY AT THE ONE 100TH

19:32 - ANNIVERSARY YEAR OF CHRISTOPHER

19:33 - PERRY'S IN 1921, AND HE WAS

19:37 - THE FOUNDER PUBLISHER AND

19:39 - EDITOR OF THE PHILADELPHIA

19:40 - TRIBUNE, WHICH IS THE LONGEST

19:42 - CONTINUOUSLY OPERATING AFRICAN

19:44 - AMERICAN NEWSPAPER.

19:49 - THAT WAS THE YEAR OF THE

19:50 - TRIBUNE'S ESTABLISHMENT.

19:52 - AN INTERESTING POINT ABOUT THE

19:53 - TRIBUNE IS THAT EVEN THOUGH IT

19:55 - STARTS IN 1884 IN AND IS STILL

19:57 - IN

19:57 - OPERATION TODAY THERE WAS A

19:59 - FIRE ABOUT 1912

20:02 - DESTROYING ALL OF THE NEWSPAPER

20:05 - ARCHIVES AND RECORDS SO

20:06 - ANYTHING THAT'S MICROFILM FROM

20:08 - THE TRIBUNE IS REALLY ONLY FROM

20:10 - 1912 TO THE PRESENT

20:11 - ANYTHING ELSE IS SOMETHING THAT

20:13 - YOU HAVE TO FIND IN CLIPPING

20:14 - FILES.

20:16 - JESSIE REDMON FOSSETT IS A

20:17 - REALLY FOR REAL AND INTERNMENT

20:21 - EVEN CEMETERY. SHE WAS A HARLEM

20:23 - RENAISSANCE NOVELIST AND POET.

20:25 - THERE IS CONFUSION WAS ONE OF

20:27 - HER HARLEM RENAISSANCE NOVELS

20:29 - IN 1924. SHE

20:31 - WAS ALSO I'M THE EDITOR OF THE

20:34 - CRISIS MAGAZINE WHICH WAS

20:38 - THE ORGAN OF

20:39 - THE N DOUBLE ACP THAT THE

20:41 - NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE

20:42 - ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE

20:43 - WHICH WAS FOUNDED IN 19 '09.

20:45 - >>IN PART BY WB THE BOYS AND WB

20:47 - DUBOIS WAS ONE OF THE EDITORS

20:49 - AND FOUNDERS OF THE CRISIS

20:51 - MAGAZINE FOR A WHILE SO.

20:53 - FOSSETT INTERESTING.

20:56 - INDIVIDUAL IN TERMS OF

20:57 - CONNECTIONS TO THE HARLEM

20:58 - RENAISSANCE.

21:02 - >>WE'RE STANDING NEAR THE

21:03 - ENTRANCE OF EVEN CEMETERY

21:05 - DIRECTLY IN FRONT OF THE BURIAL

21:06 - SPACE OF MARION ANDERSON

21:08 - NOW THERE'S A LOT OF REALLY

21:10 - INTERESTING REALLY INFLUENTIAL

21:11 - AND IMPORTANT PEOPLE WHO ARE

21:12 - BURIED HERE EVEN CEMETERY, BUT

21:14 - MARION ANDERSON

21:16 - IS DEFINITELY ONE OF THE ONES

21:17 - HE

21:18 - STANDS OUT. NOW MARY ANN WAS

21:20 - BORN AND RAISED IN SOUTH

21:22 - PHILADELPHIA. SO SHE'S A CHILD

21:23 - OF THE CITY,

21:24 - BUT HER INFLUENCE ACTUALLY

21:26 - EXTENDS BEYOND THE CITY BEYOND

21:28 - THE STATE

21:29 - INTO THE NATION AND FRANKLY IN

21:30 - SOME WAYS AROUND THE WORLD.

21:33 - SO AS A CHILD OF SOUTH

21:34 - PHILADELPHIA. SHE IS RAISED IN

21:35 - UNION BAPTIST CHURCH WHERE SHE

21:37 - HEAR SOME AMAZING VOCALIST

21:39 - AND BETWEEN THE HAVE AND THE

21:40 - LOVE OF MUSIC THAT'S ENGENDERED

21:41 - WITHIN HER OWN FAMILY, SHE

21:43 - DECIDES THAT SHE WANTS TO BE A

21:44 - PERFORMER SHE WANTS TO BE A

21:46 - SINGER. NOW THERE ARE SOME WAYS

21:48 - IN WHICH YOU COULD DO THIS

21:49 - WITHOUT A LOT OF TRAINING BUT

21:50 - SHE WANTS TO GO ALL THE WAY BUT

21:52 - THAT'S VERY EXPENSIVE

21:54 - BUT IT TURNS OUT THAT BECAUSE

21:55 - OF THE LOVE OF THE COMMUNITY

21:57 - THAT SURROUNDS HER BOTH HER

21:58 - NEIGHBORHOOD ENTER CHURCH

21:59 - COMMUNITY FOLKS ARE WILLING TO

22:00 - PULL TOGETHER TO SUPPORT HER

22:02 - AND IN FACT SOME OF THE PEOPLE

22:03 - WHO SUPPORTED HER ARE BURIED

22:05 - HERE IN EVEN CEMETERY. IF YOU

22:07 - LOOK AROUND FOR STAR NAMES LIKE

22:09 - THE PRIEST OR ANDERSON AND

22:10 - FOLKS LIKE THAT YOU'RE

22:11 - GOING TO SEE PEOPLE WHO

22:12 - INSPIRED HER PEOPLE WHO

22:13 - MOTIVATED HER PEOPLE WHO

22:15 - SUPPORTED HER EVEN SOMEBODY

22:16 - LIKE ARTISTS LAURA WHEELER

22:18 - WHERE AND WHO PAINTED A

22:19 - PORTRAIT OF HER.

22:21 - NOW MARION WAS ABLE THROUGH THE

22:22 - SUPPORT TO GET THE FUNDING THAT

22:24 - SHE NEEDED IN ORDER TO STUDY

22:25 - WITH A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT

22:26 - CELEBRATED A VOCAL TEACHERS

22:29 - SHE'S ABLE TO STUDY BOTH WITH

22:30 - IN PHILADELPHIA AS WELL AS

22:31 - ACTUALLY OVER IN EUROPE

22:33 - AND SLOWLY, BUT SURELY SHE'S

22:34 - ABLE TO MAKE HER PUBLIC DEBUT.

22:37 - SHE ACTUALLY BECOMES VERY VERY

22:39 - BIG IN AMERICAN SOCIETY YOU

22:41 - PROBABLY HEARD HER NAME ALREADY

22:42 - BEFORE. AND IN FACT ONE OF THE

22:44 - REASONS YOU PROBABLY HEARD HER

22:45 - NAME AS FOR A SCENARIO THAT

22:47 - WASN'T THE GREATEST FOR HER

22:49 - PERSONALLY WHEN IT HAPPENED TO

22:50 - HER BUT SHE WITH THE HELP OF

22:52 - OTHERS WAS ABLE TO TAKE THOSE

22:53 - LEMONS AND TURN THEM INTO

22:54 - LEMONADE SO AROUND TO 1939 SHE

22:58 - REQUESTS THAT THE DAUGHTERS OF

22:59 - THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION ALLOW

23:01 - HER TO USE THEIR CONSTITUTION

23:03 - HALL IN WASHINGTON DC FOR A

23:05 - PERFORMANCE IN

23:05 - THAT REGION. WELL THEY REJECT

23:08 - HER BECAUSE AT THE TIME THEY

23:09 - HAVE A WHITES ONLY POLICY FOR

23:11 - ALLOWING PERFORMERS IN THAT

23:12 - SPACE AND IF ANY BLACK AUDIENCE

23:14 - MEMBERS HAVE BEEN ABLE TO COME

23:15 - INTO THAT SPACE THEY WOULD HAVE

23:16 - BEEN FORCED TO SIT IN THE BACK

23:18 - OF THE AUDITORIUM.

23:19 - WELL A NUMBER OF CIVIL RIGHTS

23:21 - LEADERS COME TOGETHER AND THEY

23:22 - PROTEST THIS THEY PROTEST

23:24 - THE OTHER SPACES IN WASHINGTON

23:25 - DC THAT SAY THEY'RE NOT GOING

23:27 - TO LET THE CELEBRATED FAMED

23:29 - PERFORMER MARIAN ANDERSON

23:30 - PERFORMED IN

23:30 - THEIR LOCATIONS. IN FACT SUCH

23:32 - AN UP OR IS CREATED BOTH BY THE

23:34 - DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN

23:35 - REVOLUTION'S REFUSAL AS WELL

23:37 - AS THE SCHOOL DISTRICT FOR

23:38 - WASHINGTON DC AND THEIR OWN

23:40 - REFUSAL TO LET HER USE THE

23:41 - AUDITORIUM SPACE OF A LOCAL

23:43 - WHITE

23:43 - HIGH SCHOOL. THEY ARE ACTUALLY

23:45 - ABLE TO GET HER THE ABILITY TO

23:47 - PERFORM IN FRONT OF

23:48 - LINCOLN MEMORIAL IN WASHINGTON

23:50 - DC WERE SOMEWHERE AROUND 75,000

23:53 - PEOPLE ARE ABLE TO WITNESS THIS

23:54 - IN PERSON

23:55 - AND SOMEWHERE AROUND A MILLION

23:57 - OR MORE PEOPLE ARE ABLE TO

23:58 - LISTEN TO HER OVER

23:59 - THE RADIO AND THE FUROR OVER

24:01 - THE DA OUR REFUSAL IS ACTUALLY

24:03 - SUCH THAT PEOPLE LIKE ELEANOR

24:05 - ROOSEVELT PUBLICLY SAY IT

24:07 - PUBLICLY DISAVOW THEIR

24:08 - RELATIONSHIP TO THE D A R

24:10 - BECAUSE OF THAT EXPERIENCE.

24:12 - HOWEVER, AROUND 4 YEARS LATER,

24:14 - THE D A R DOES IN FACT INVITE

24:16 - HER TO PERFORM AN INTEGRATED

24:18 - PERFORMANCE AT CONSTITUTION

24:19 - HALL. SO IT DIDN'T END UP BEING

24:22 - ALL BAD AND THEY WERE ABLE TO

24:23 - SEE THAT ERROR OF

24:24 - THEIR WAYS. NOW SHE'S GOT A

24:26 - NUMBER OF OTHER FASCINATING

24:27 - MOMENTS IN HER STORY, ONE OF

24:29 - WHICH IS THAT SHE BECOMES THE

24:30 - FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN TO

24:32 - PERFORM FOR THE

24:33 - METROPOLITAN OPERA AND IN FACT

24:35 - THEY INVITE HER TO BECOME ONE

24:37 - OF THEIR CORE MEMBERS OF THEIR

24:38 - PERFORMING ENSEMBLE

24:40 - EVEN THOUGH HER MAIN

24:41 - PERFORMANCE IS THE ONE TIME

24:42 - THAT SHE ACTUALLY DOES PERFORM

24:44 - ON STAGE WITH THEM SHE BECOMES

24:45 - A LIFELONG MEMBER OF THEIR

24:47 - ORGANIZATION. SHE USES HER

24:49 - VOICE SHE USES HER WORD SHE

24:51 - USES HER INFLUENCE TO SUPPORT

24:53 - THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN

24:54 - THE UNITED STATES. SHE USES HER

24:56 - ABILITY TO DRAW CROWDS

24:58 - TO RAISE FUNDING FOR VERY CIVIL

25:00 - RIGHTS ORGANIZATIONS AND HER

25:01 - CONTRIBUTION IS ONE SUCH THAT

25:03 - NOT ONLY IS SHE GIVING IN THESE

25:04 - WAYS NATIONALLY,

25:06 - BUT SHE CONTINUES TO MAINTAIN A

25:07 - RELATIONSHIP WITH HER SOUTH

25:09 - PHILADELPHIA. AND WITH HER

25:10 - PHILADELPHIA COMMUNITY AT

25:12 - LARGE. YOU CAN FIND TO

25:13 - NEWSPAPER ARTICLES FOR EXAMPLE

25:15 - OF HER PERFORMING AT THE

25:17 - FUNERAL OF ONE OF HER MENTORS

25:18 - AND SUPPORTERS JHANSI ASBURY

25:20 - WHO ALSO IS BURIED HERE AT EVEN

25:22 - CEMETERY.

25:24 - MARIAN ANDERSON PERFORMS FROM

25:26 - ABOUT 1925 TO 1965 PUBLICLY

25:30 - AND THEN SHE ESSENTIALLY

25:31 - RETIRES FROM HER PERFORMING

25:32 - LIFE BUT SHE DOES CONTINUE TO

25:34 - SERVE IN A VARIETY OF CAPACITY

25:36 - SUPPORTING VARIOUS ARTS

25:37 - INSTITUTIONS SUPPORTING VARIOUS

25:39 - MUSICAL INSTITUTIONS AND SO ON

25:41 - AND SO FORTH.

25:42 - SHE AND HER HUSBAND EVENTUALLY

25:43 - MOVE UP TO DANBURY CONNECTICUT

25:45 - WHERE SHE SPENDS AROUND 50

25:46 - YEARS OF HER LIFE

25:48 - AND EVENTUALLY SHE MOVES OVER

25:49 - TO PORTLAND OREGON WHICH IS

25:51 - WHERE HER NEPHEW JAMES TO

25:52 - PRIEST WHO'S BRAID WITH HER

25:54 - ACTUALLY IN THIS PLOT RIGHT

25:55 - BEHIND ME. SHE MOVES OVER TO

25:57 - HIS HOME IN PORTLAND OREGON AND

25:59 - SHE PASSES AWAY THERE IN HER

26:01 - LATE 90'S WHEN SHE ISN'T HEARD

26:03 - HER FAMILY DECIDES TO SUPPORT

26:06 - ONGOING RELATIONSHIP TO

26:07 - PHILADELPHIA'S COMMUNITY ABOUT

26:08 - LASTING SUPPORTIVE,

26:10 - MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL

26:11 - RELATIONSHIP THAT SHE'S HAD

26:12 - WITH HER PHILADELPHIA COMMUNITY

26:13 - FOR HER ENTIRE LIFE

26:15 - AND THEY HAVE HER BURIED HERE

26:16 - AT EVEN CEMETERY AT THIS

26:18 - LOCATION DIRECTLY

26:19 - BEHIND ME. WE'RE NOW STANDING

26:21 - IN FRONT OF THE BRAILLE SPACE

26:23 - OF FRANCES. ELLEN WATKINS

26:25 - HARPER, WHO WAS AN AMAZING 19TH

26:28 - AND EARLY 20TH CENTURY AUTHOR

26:31 - EDUCATOR AND REFORMER.

26:33 - NOW SHE'S BORN FREE IN

26:34 - BALTIMORE IN THE 1820'S.

26:37 - SHE'S ORPHANED EARLY ON AND SO

26:39 - SHE'S RAISED BY HER ON AND HER

26:41 - UNCLE HER UNCLE BEING A

26:43 - REVEREND SO SHE'S

26:44 - EDUCATED STRONGLY NOT JUST IN

26:47 - SORT OF STANDARD LITERARY

26:48 - MATHEMATICAL AND OTHER

26:49 - TRADITIONS BUT ALSO IN THE

26:51 - TRADITION OF FAITH AND OF THE

26:52 - CHURCH. SHE EVENTUALLY MOVES TO

26:54 - UNION SEMINARY IN COLUMBUS OHIO

26:57 - WHERE SHE SERVES AS AN EDUCATOR

26:58 - FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS

27:00 - AND THEN EVENTUALLY MOVED TO

27:01 - PHILADELPHIA PENNSYLVANIA WHERE

27:03 - SHE SPENT SOME TIME LIVING WITH

27:04 - WILLIAM STILL WHO'S KNOWN AS

27:06 - THE FATHER OF THE UNDERGROUND

27:08 - RAILROAD. HE BY THE WAY IS ALSO

27:10 - BURIED HERE AT

27:11 - EVEN CEMETERY. NOW WHILE SHE'S

27:13 - LIVING WITH HIM SHE REALLY

27:14 - STARTS TO DIG INTO SOME OF THE

27:17 - IDEOLOGY OF THE ABOLITIONIST

27:18 - MOVEMENT THE ANTI-SLAVERY

27:20 - MOVEMENT TAKING IN MORE AND

27:21 - MORE EVEN BEYOND WHAT SHE HAD

27:23 - LEARNED AS A YOUNG WOMAN AND AS

27:24 - AN EDUCATOR

27:26 - AND AS SOMEONE WHO ALREADY HAS

27:27 - DEVELOPED A LOVE FOR WRITING

27:28 - SHE REALLY STARTS TO TRANSLATE

27:30 - THIS INTO HER WORKS.

27:32 - SHE WRITES A NUMBER OF PALMS,

27:33 - ONE OF HER MOST FAMOUS BEING

27:35 - ONE CALLED BURRY ME IN A FREE

27:37 - LAND, WHICH IS A POWERFUL

27:40 - STATEMENT OF THE STRENGTH OF

27:41 - WHAT IT MEANS TO HAVE CONTROL

27:43 - OVER ONE'S OWN BODY ONE'S OWN

27:45 - LIFE OF THE DECISIONS ONE MAKES

27:48 - AND THE LIFE AND OPPORTUNITIES

27:49 - THAT ONE AS A MEMBER OF A

27:51 - COMMUNITY IS ABLE TO HAVE.

27:53 - SHE GETS DEEPLY INVOLVED NOT

27:55 - ONLY IN THE ANTI-SLAVERY

27:56 - MOVEMENT AS A MEMBER OF THE

27:58 - AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY

28:00 - BUT SHE GETS INVOLVED IN OTHER

28:01 - MOVEMENTS AS WELL

28:02 - AND IN FACT AS A MEMBER OF THE

28:04 - WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE

28:05 - UNION SHE'S IN CHARGE OF THE

28:06 - COLORED WOMEN'S DIVISION FOR

28:08 - BOTH PHILADELPHIA

28:09 - AND PENNSYLVANIA. SHE ALSO ENDS

28:12 - UP AS ONE OF THE FOUNDERS OF

28:13 - THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR

28:15 - COLORED WOMEN AND SERVES AT ONE

28:17 - POINT AS THEIR VICE PRESIDENT

28:19 - SO SHE IS VERY ACTIVE TRYING TO

28:20 - SERVE HER PEOPLE THE AFRICAN

28:22 - AMERICAN COMMUNITY SHE'S VERY

28:24 - INVOLVED IN TRYING TO SERVE THE

28:25 - INTERESTS OF WOMEN ALL AROUND

28:27 - TO THE NATION IN ADDITION TO

28:29 - THE CITY THAT SHE ADOPTED AS

28:30 - HER OWN SHE'S A VERY STRONG

28:32 - REFORM OR AND SHE USES HER

28:33 - WRITING TO EXPRESS HER BELIEFS

28:35 - AND TRIES TO GET HER POEMS AND

28:37 - HER PROSE

28:38 - IN FRONT OF AS MANY AUDIENCES

28:39 - AS POSSIBLE. IN ADDITION TO

28:41 - WRITING THE POLLEN BREE ME IN A

28:43 - FREE LAND SHE ALSO WRITES A

28:45 - NOVEL CALLED IOLA LEROY WHICH

28:47 - BECOMES A FAMOUS NOVEL OF HER

28:48 - TIME. A NUMBER OF HER POEMS

28:50 - INCLUDING SOME OF THE ONES

28:52 - INCLUDED IN HER BOOK FOR

28:53 - SLEEVES OR AUTUMN LEAVES IS

28:55 - THAT SOMETIMES KNOWN

28:56 - THOSE ALLOW HER TO BECOME THE

28:58 - MOST FAMOUS AFRICAN-AMERICAN

28:59 - POET PERHAPS SINCE PHYLLIS

29:01 - WHEATLEY AND PERHAPS UP UNTIL

29:03 - PAUL LAURENCE DUNBAR

29:05 - AND SHE IS RESTING HERE AT EVEN

29:07 - CEMETERY DIRECTLY BEHIND ME.

29:10 - ONE OF FRANCE'S ELLEN WATKINS

29:11 - HARPER IS MOST FAMOUS PALMS AS

29:13 - CALLED BURY ME IN A

29:15 - FREE LAND. AND I'M GOING TO

29:16 - READ A SECTION OF THAT FOR YOU

29:18 - SO THAT YOU CAN GET A SENSE OF

29:19 - THE STRENGTH OF HER WORDS.

29:22 - MAKE ME A GRAVE WHERE AIR

29:24 - YOU WILL IN A LOWLY PLANE OR A

29:27 - LOFTY HILL MAKE IT AMONG

29:29 - EARTH'S HOMELESS SCREAMS BUT

29:31 - NOT IN THE LAND WHERE MEN ARE

29:33 - SLAVES. I COULD NOT REST IF

29:35 - AROUND MIGRAINES. I HEARD THE

29:37 - STEPS OF A TREMBLING SLEEP.

29:39 - HIS SHADOW ABOVE MY SILENCE HIM

29:42 - WOULD MAKE IT A FEARFUL GLUTEN

29:45 - I COULD NOT REST IF I HEARD

29:47 - THAT READ KOPPEL GANG TO THE

29:49 - SHAMBLES LEAD AND THE MOTHER

29:51 - SHRIEK OF WHILE DESPAIR RISE

29:54 - LIKE A CURSE ON THAT

29:55 - RUMBLING AIR. I ASK NO

29:57 - MONUMENT PROUD AND HIGH TO REST

30:00 - THE GAZE OF PASSERS BY.

30:02 - >>ALL THAT MY YEARNING SPIRIT

30:03 - CRAVES IS BARRY ME NOT AND A

30:06 - LAND OF SLATE'S.

30:09 - >>NOW WE'RE

30:10 - STANDING IN FRONT OF THE

30:11 - MEMORIAL FOR JAMES FORTON WHO'S

30:13 - KNOWN AS YOU CAN SEE HERE ON

30:14 - THIS MEMORIAL. AS THE HERO OF

30:17 - THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION.

30:19 - JAMES FORD WAS BORN IN 1766 AS

30:22 - A FREE PERSON HERE

30:23 - IN PHILADELPHIA. JAMES CORDEN

30:25 - IS PROBABLY 4TH GENERATION TO

30:27 - BE LIVING IN PHILADELPHIA OR

30:29 - LIVING IN PENNSYLVANIA ARE IN

30:30 - THIS NATION THAT IS GOING TO

30:32 - BECOME THE UNITED STATES OF

30:33 - AMERICA AT THE TIME WHEN HE'S

30:35 - BORN. HIS FATHER WAS FREE HIS

30:37 - MOTHER MAY HAVE BEEN ENSLAVED

30:39 - AND IT'S POSSIBLE THAT THAT'S

30:40 - WHY SHE WAITED UNTIL

30:41 - SHE WAS AN OLDER WOMAN LATER IN

30:43 - LIFE TO HAVE HER CHILDREN TO

30:45 - MAKE SURE THAT THEIR CONDITION

30:46 - FOLLOWED THAT OF HER MOTHER OR

30:48 - FOLLOW THAT OF THEIR MOTHER AS

30:50 - FREE PEOPLE. SO JAMES FORD IS

30:52 - HERE IN 1766 IS A NEWBORN IN

30:55 - HIS COMING OF AGE IN A MOMENT

30:57 - THAT IS RIPE WITH CHANGE AND

31:01 - INTERESTING INFORMATION WHAT'S

31:02 - HAPPENING IN THE AMERICAN

31:04 - COLONIES. THERE ARE A BRITISH

31:06 - INDIVIDUALS COMING BACK AND

31:07 - FORTH ALL OF THE TIME AND

31:08 - THEY'RE THESE FOLKS

31:09 - WHO ARE BEGINNING TO BE KNOWN

31:11 - AS REVOLUTIONARY SONS AND

31:13 - DAUGHTERS OF LIBERTY

31:14 - WHO ARE BEGINNING TO PROTEST

31:15 - WAYS IN WHICH THEY FEEL LIKE

31:17 - THE BRITISH EMPIRE LIKE THE

31:19 - BRITISH MILITARY ARE TREATING

31:21 - THEM AS POLITICAL SLEEVES

31:23 - NOW GIVEN THAT THERE ARE MANY

31:24 - PEOPLE OF AFRICAN

31:25 - DESCENT WHO WERE ACTUALLY IN

31:26 - THE POSITION OF BEING CHATTEL

31:28 - SLAVES YOU CAN IMAGINE HOW FOR

31:30 - SOME PEOPLE OF AFRICAN DESCENT

31:31 - HEARING THIS LANGUAGE MIGHT BE

31:33 - SOMETHING THAT IS NOT TAKEN

31:35 - VERY POSITIVELY. BUT FOR SOME

31:37 - PEOPLE WHO HEAR THIS LANGUAGE

31:38 - FROM THE REVOLUTIONARIES

31:40 - TALKING ABOUT THINGS LIKE

31:41 - LIBERTY AND FREEDOM AND

31:43 - EQUALITY, THE LANGUAGE SOUNDS

31:45 - HOPEFUL BECAUSE IF THESE

31:47 - REVOLUTIONARIES BELIEVE THAT

31:49 - THOSE WORDS SHOULD APPLY TO

31:50 - THEM. MAYBE THEY WILL ALSO

31:52 - BELIEVE THAT THOSE WORDS SHOULD

31:54 - APPLY TO ALL OF THE PEOPLE OF

31:55 - AFRICAN DESCENT WHO WERE IN

31:57 - THEIR MIDST. JAMES FORTON IS

31:59 - ABOUT 10 YEARS OLD HERE IN

32:00 - PHILADELPHIA WHEN HE HEARS THE

32:02 - DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE RED

32:03 - FOR THE

32:04 - FIRST TIME WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS

32:06 - TO BE SELF EVIDENT THAT ALL MEN

32:08 - ARE

32:08 - CREATED EQUAL THAT THEY'RE

32:09 - ENDOWED BY THEIR CREATOR WITH

32:11 - CERTAIN UNALIENABLE RIGHTS THAT

32:13 - AMONG THESE ARE LIFE LIBERTY

32:14 - AND THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS.

32:16 - NOW AS JAMES ENTERS HIS TEENAGE

32:18 - YEARS, HE'S JUST BECOMING

32:20 - INFLAMED WITH THESE IDEAS OF

32:22 - LIBERTY. HE'S SEEING

32:23 - PEOPLE LIKE THOMAS JEFFERSON

32:25 - AND GEORGE WASHINGTON AND

32:27 - ALEXANDER HAMILTON WALKING AND

32:29 - RIDING BACK AND FORTH TO THE

32:30 - PENNSYLVANIA STATEHOUSE WHICH

32:32 - WE NOW KNOW IS INDEPENDENCE

32:33 - HALL, HE'S HEARING ALL OF THIS

32:35 - LANGUAGE AND HE DECIDES THE HE

32:37 - WANTS TO SUPPORT THE

32:37 - REVOLUTIONARY CAUSE. AT THE AGE

32:40 - OF 14.

32:41 - HE TELLS HIS MOM THAT HE WANTS

32:43 - TO GO OFF AND HE WANTS TO GO

32:44 - SAILING ON A PRIVATE

32:46 - HERE SHIP WHICH IS ESSENTIALLY

32:48 - A LEGAL PIRATE SHIP WHICH THE

32:50 - AMERICAN CONGRESS IS

32:51 - COMMISSIONING TO ALLOW

32:53 - MERCHANTS AND OTHER INDIVIDUALS

32:54 - TO HARASS

32:56 - BRITISH SHIPS SO THAT THEY CAN

32:57 - MAKE IT HARDER FOR THE BRITISH

32:58 - TO ENGAGE IN THEIR MILITARY

33:00 - EFFORT. NOW HIS MOM SAYS NO

33:02 - SEVERAL TIMES WHO WANTS TO SEE

33:04 - THEIR CHILD RUN OFF TO WAR,

33:05 - ESPECIALLY AT SUCH A TENDER

33:06 - YOUNG AGE. BUT HE EVENTUALLY

33:08 - WEARS HER DOWN

33:10 - AND HE GOES OFF IN THE SALES

33:11 - AND A PRIVATEER SHIP CALLED THE

33:12 - ROYAL LEWIS THAT FIRST SAILING

33:15 - GOES REALLY WELL THEY'RE ABLE

33:16 - TO CAPTURE ANOTHER BRITISH SHIP

33:18 - EVERYTHING IS GREAT.

33:19 - THEY BRING THE SHIP BACK TO

33:20 - PORT THEY'RE ABLE TO SELL THE

33:22 - GOODS THEY DIVIDE UP ALL OF THE

33:23 - MONEY AND IT

33:23 - FEELS WONDERFUL. JAMES FORD AND

33:25 - SIZE THAT HE WANTS TO GO

33:26 - SAILING AGAIN.

33:29 - THIS TIME IT DOES NOT GO AS

33:31 - WELL AS HE HAD HOPED OR

33:32 - EXPECTED IN FACT

33:34 - HIS SHIP IS ALMOST IMMEDIATELY

33:36 - CAPTURED BY A BRITISH SHIP

33:38 - AND JAMES FORTON WHO REMEMBER

33:40 - IS A FREE MAN OF AFRICAN

33:41 - DESCENT IS NOW IN A PRECARIOUS

33:43 - SITUATION BECAUSE IN

33:45 - PHILADELPHIA MOST PEOPLE KNEW

33:47 - THAT HIS FAMILY AND THAT HE

33:48 - WERE FREE. SO THERE WAS A

33:50 - LITTLE LESS DANGER THAT HE

33:52 - MIGHT HAVE FACED BUT OUT ON THE

33:53 - WATER WHERE THERE ARE FEWER

33:54 - PEOPLE WHO KNEW HIM AND KNEW

33:56 - HIS FAMILY AND PARTICULARLY

33:57 - WHEN HE COMES INTO BRITISH

33:58 - HANDS. WHAT MIGHT HAPPEN TO HIM

34:01 - MIGHT HE BE SOLD

34:02 - INTO SLAVERY. WELL IT TURNS OUT

34:04 - THAT WHEN HE GETS PUT ON THE

34:05 - FIRST BRITISH SHIP, THE CAPTAIN

34:07 - OF THAT SHIP

34:08 - HAS A YOUNG SON WHO'S AROUND

34:10 - JAMES, HIS AIDES

34:11 - AND THE STORY GOES THAT HE AND

34:13 - THAT SUN BECOME FRIENDS OVER A

34:15 - GAME OF MARBLES

34:16 - AND SO WHEN THE BRITISH CAPTAIN

34:18 - GOES TO MOVE ALL OF HIS

34:19 - AMERICAN PRIVATEER SHIP

34:20 - PRISONERS ON TO A BRITISH SHIP

34:22 - IN NEW YORK HARBOR THAT'S GOING

34:24 - TO SERVE AS A

34:24 - PRISON SHIP. HE OFFERS JAMES

34:26 - THE OPPORTUNITY TO GO BACK TO

34:28 - ENGLAND'S WITH HIS SON.

34:30 - SO THAT HE CAN GET AN EDUCATION

34:32 - HE CAN BE THE SUNS COMPANION HE

34:33 - CAN HAVE A BETTER EXPERIENCE

34:35 - THEN BEING PUT ON A BRITISH

34:36 - SHIP.

34:39 - HE SAYS THIS IS MY

34:40 - CAUSE, I'M AMERICAN I'M WILLING

34:42 - TO SUFFER FOR THIS CAUSE

34:44 - AND SO HE GETS TRANSFERRED ON

34:45 - TO THIS BRITISH PRISONS

34:46 - SHIPPED. NOW HE ACTUALLY HAS A

34:49 - SECOND OPPORTUNITY TO ESCAPE

34:51 - WHEN THERE'S AN OFFICER AN

34:53 - AMERICAN OFFICER WHO'S GOING TO

34:54 - BE EXCHANGED UP OR OLDER

34:56 - RELEASED OFF OF THE SHIP THAT

34:57 - OFFICER HAS

34:58 - A CHEST THAT JUST ABOUT THE

35:00 - RIGHT SIZE FOR A YOUNG MAN LIKE

35:02 - JAMES FOR HIM TO CLIMB INSIDE

35:04 - OF IT.

35:06 - RIGHT WHEN JAMES IS ABOUT TO

35:07 - MAKE

35:08 - HIS MOVE. IT TURNS OUT THAT ONE

35:10 - OF JAMES'S FRIENDS IN THIS

35:11 - PRISON SHIP ANOTHER YOUNG MAN

35:13 - BECOMES DEATHLY DEATHLY ILL.

35:16 - JAMES GIVES UP HIS POSITION

35:18 - IN THAT CHEST SO THAT SOMEONE

35:20 - THAT THAT SICK YOUNG MAN CAN

35:21 - SNEAK INSIDE GET CARRIED OFF OF

35:23 - THE SHIP AND GET HIMSELF TAKEN

35:25 - CARE OF.

35:27 - SO AFTER MANY MONTHS JAMES

35:28 - FINALLY IS RELEASED OFF OF THE

35:30 - SHIP AND HE DOES RETURN TO

35:31 - PHILADELPHIA. THE STORY GOES

35:32 - THAT HE WALKED MOST OF THAT WAY

35:34 - FROM NEW YORK CITY

35:35 - AND HE ENDS UP WORKING IN A

35:37 - SALE MAKING LOCKED RIGHT ON THE

35:38 - DELAWARE RIVER THAT WAS OWNED

35:40 - BY A MAN NAMED ROBERT BRIDGES

35:42 - WHO HAD BEEN THE EMPLOYER OF

35:43 - JAMES CORDEN'S LATE FATHER

35:45 - UNDER THE MENTORSHIP OF ROBERT

35:47 - BRIDGES JAMES IS ABLE TO LEARN

35:48 - BASICALLY THE ENTIRE SALE

35:50 - MAKING BUSINESS AND HE ACTUALLY

35:52 - GOES ON TO OWN THAT STILL

35:53 - MAKING LOT WHICH MAKES HIM THE

35:54 - EMPLOYER OF MEN OF DIFFERENT

35:56 - RACES, DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS

35:58 - DIFFERENT DIFFERENT ETHNICITIES

36:00 - AND ALL SORTS OF LIFE

36:01 - EXPERIENCES AND THROUGH THAT

36:03 - AND SOME CAREFUL INVESTING IN

36:04 - REAL ESTATE, HE ACTUALLY ENDS

36:06 - UP AS ONE OF THE WEALTHIEST MEN

36:07 - IN ANY BACKGROUND.

36:10 - NOW HE DECIDES BECAUSE HE STILL

36:12 - PASSIONATELY BELIEVES IN THESE

36:14 - IDEALS OF THE

36:14 - AMERICAN REVOLUTION. HE DECIDES

36:17 - HE'S GOING TO USE HIS WEALTH

36:19 - AND HIS POWER AND HIS POSITION

36:21 - TO SUPPORT CAUSES THAT ARE

36:22 - IMPORTANT TO HIM SPECIFICALLY

36:24 - THE ABOLITIONIST AN

36:25 - ANTI-SLAVERY CAUSE IT IS

36:27 - SO FOR EXAMPLE HE'S AS HIS

36:29 - MONEY TO SUPPORT THE LIBERATE

36:30 - OR NEWSPAPER THAT PUBLISHED BY

36:32 - WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON

36:33 - HE IS WRITING BOTH ANONYMOUSLY

36:35 - AND HAS HIMSELF.

36:37 - 2 OF THEM PROTEST AGAINST

36:39 - UNFAVORABLE LAWS THAT WOULD BE

36:41 - RACIST TOWARDS PEOPLE OF

36:42 - AFRICAN DESCENT IN FACT HE'S

36:44 - WELL KNOWN AT THIS POINT FOR

36:45 - PUBLISHING A SERIES OF ESSAYS

36:47 - KNOWN AS LETTERS FROM A MAN OF

36:49 - COLOR. IN THOSE ESSAYS. HE IS

36:51 - PROTESTING THESE UNJUST LAWS

36:53 - THAT ARE ABOUT TO BE PASSED IN

36:54 - THE PENNSYLVANIA LEGISLATURE

36:56 - AND HE

36:56 - ESSENTIALLY SAYS WERE WE NOT

36:59 - FIGHTING FOR THE SAME THING IN

37:00 - THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION.

37:02 - DID NOT MEAN WHAT YOU SAID WHEN

37:04 - YOU SAID THAT ALL MEN ARE

37:05 - CREATED EQUAL. DO WE NOT COME

37:07 - FROM THE SAME PLACE WHERE WE

37:09 - NOT MADE PLACE WHERE WE NOT

37:10 - MADE FROM THE SAME GUY DO WE

37:12 - NOT EAT THE SAME FOOD DO WE NOT

37:13 - BLEED THE SAME LEAD. IF YOU

37:16 - TRULY BELIEVED IN THESE IDEALS

37:18 - OF THE REVOLUTION. THE NEW WITH

37:20 - STOP TRYING TO PASS THESE LAWS

37:22 - AND IN FACT LET ALL MEN ARE

37:24 - CREATED EQUAL MEAN ALL MEN ARE

37:25 - CREATED EQUAL.

37:27 - JAMES FORTON THAT HERO OF THE

37:29 - AMERICAN REVOLUTION WHO FOUGHT

37:30 - SO HARD TO MAKE SURE THAT

37:32 - PEOPLE OF AFRICAN DESCENT WERE

37:34 - TREATED FAIRLY AS A RESULT OF

37:35 - THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION IS AT

37:37 - REST HEAR IT EVEN CEMETERY WITH

37:39 - SO MANY OTHER ICONS OF THE

37:41 - CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT BOTH PAST

37:43 - AND PRESENT.

37:45 - WE'RE STANDING NOW BY

37:47 - THE HEADSTONE IN MEMORIAL FOR A

37:48 - WOMAN NAMED HANNAH

37:49 - ARCHER TILL. NOW HANNAH IS A

37:52 - WOMAN THAT WE DON'T KNOW A TON

37:54 - ABOUT ALTHOUGH WE ACTUALLY KNOW

37:55 - A FAIR AMOUNT ABOUT HER LIFE.

37:57 - BUT I THINK WHAT'S SO

37:58 - INTERESTING ABOUT HER STORY AND

38:01 - WHAT SHE SIGNIFIES IS THAT SHE

38:03 - ACTUALLY CAN BE

38:04 - A FACE AND A NAME AND A STORY

38:06 - FOR SO MANY OF THE FACELESS

38:08 - NAMELESS SEEMINGLY STORY LIST

38:11 - WOMEN OF AFRICAN DESCENT WHO

38:12 - LIVE DURING THE

38:13 - REVOLUTIONARY ERA. WE KNOW THAT

38:15 - THEY WERE IN FACT NAMELESS WE

38:17 - KNOW THAT THEY WEREN'T IN FACT

38:18 - BASELESS, WE KNOW THAT THEY ALL

38:20 - HAVE INDIVIDUAL STORIES BUT

38:22 - BECAUSE THE PAPER THE

38:23 - DOCUMENTARY RECORD DOESN'T

38:25 - ALLOW US TO DISCOVER THEIR

38:27 - STORIES

38:28 - BECAUSE OF WELL SO MANY REASONS

38:29 - HAVING TO DO WITH RACISM AND

38:31 - THE WAYS IN WHICH HISTORY HAS

38:32 - BEEN DOCUMENTED FOR SOMEONE

38:34 - LIKE HANNAH WHERE A RECORD DOES

38:36 - EXIST WE CAN ACTUALLY USE THAT

38:38 - AS A LENS INTO THE STORIES OF

38:40 - WOMEN LIKE HER.

38:42 - SO HANNAH WAS BORN SOMEWHERE

38:43 - AROUND 1722. PROBABLY

38:47 - IN DELAWARE. SHE ENDS UP BEING

38:49 - OWNED BY A MAN WHO LIVES IN NEW

38:51 - YORK AND AT SOME POINT SHE GETS

38:53 - MARRIED TO A MAN NAMED ISAAC

38:54 - TILL WHO WAS ALSO IN SLATE AND

38:56 - HIS OWNED BY SOMEBODY WHO LIVES

38:58 - IN

38:58 - NEW JERSEY. HANNAH AND ISAAC

39:00 - TILL WERE ABLE TO CONTRIBUTE

39:02 - THEIR VALUABLE SERVICES IS

39:03 - INDIVIDUALS WHO KNEW HOW TO

39:04 - COOK HOW TO PREPARE FOOD AND

39:06 - THEY DID SO FOR GEORGE

39:08 - WASHINGTON AND OTHER MEMBERS OF

39:09 - HIS MILITARY FAMILY.

39:11 - OTHER COMMANDERS FOLKS WHO CAME

39:12 - TO VISIT AND SO ON AND SO FORTH

39:14 - INCLUDING MOST NOTABLY AT THE

39:16 - ENCAMPMENT AT VALLEY FORGE

39:18 - WHICH IS DIRECTLY OUTSIDE OF

39:19 - PHILADELPHIA. THERE'S ACTUALLY

39:21 - A COUPLE OF DOCUMENTS THAT SHOW

39:23 - HER RECEIVING PAY FROM GEORGE

39:24 - WASHINGTON AND FROM THE

39:25 - CONTINENTAL ARMY AND REALLY

39:28 - INTERESTING LEIGH THERE IS A

39:29 - DOCUMENT THAT SHOWS THAT SHE

39:31 - HAS HER SON BAPTIZED NEAR

39:33 - VALLEY FORGE IN 1779 AND

39:36 - BECAUSE OF THE AGE AND THE DATE

39:37 - THAT ARE GIVEN ON THAT DOCUMENT

39:39 - WE KNOW THAT HE WAS BORN THE

39:40 - PREVIOUS YEAR PROBABLY DURING

39:42 - THE ENCAMPMENT AT VALLEY FORGE.

39:45 - AT SOME TIME WHILE HANNA AND

39:46 - ISAAC WERE SERVING WASHINGTON

39:48 - AS A PART OF HIS MILITARY A

39:49 - FAMILY AS COOKS IN HIS

39:51 - PASTRY CHEFS EACH OF THEM WERE

39:53 - ACTUALLY ABLE TO EARN ENOUGH

39:54 - MONEY ON THE SIDE IN ORDER TO

39:57 - BUY THEIR OWN FREEDOM WHICH

39:59 - IS AMAZING. BOTH OF THEM THEN

40:01 - CONTINUE TO SERVE GEORGE

40:03 - WASHINGTON AS INDIVIDUALS WHO

40:05 - ARE GETTING PAID

40:06 - AND AFTER THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR

40:08 - ENDS THEY STAY IN PHILADELPHIA

40:11 - AND THEY CONTINUE TO SELL THEIR

40:12 - SERVICES AS A VERY GOOD COOKS

40:15 - TO FOLKS IN THE PHILADELPHIA

40:16 - REGION SO IN A WAY THEY'RE

40:18 - ESSENTIALLY EARLY ENTREPRENEURS

40:20 - IN THE COOKING AND CATERING

40:21 - BUSINESS IN THE CITY.

40:23 - NOW AGAIN WE DON'T KNOW A TON

40:25 - ABOUT THEIR LIVES. WE DO KNOW

40:27 - THAT THEY HAVE APPROXIMATELY 7

40:29 - CHILDREN. WE ALSO KNOW THAT

40:31 - THEY HAD ALREADY STARTED THEIR

40:32 - FAMILIES BEFORE THEY BECAME A

40:34 - PART OF GEORGE WASHINGTON'S

40:35 - MILITARY FAMILY IN FACT THEY

40:37 - WERE DOING SO WELL THEY WERE

40:38 - OWNED BY THOSE INDIVIDUAL

40:40 - OWNERS IN NEW YORK AND NEW

40:41 - JERSEY. SO WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT

40:43 - THE PRECARIOUSNESS OF AFRICAN

40:45 - AMERICAN LIFE AN AFRICAN

40:46 - AMERICAN FAMILY STRUCTURES.

40:48 - HOW AMAZING IS IT THAT THEY

40:49 - WERE

40:49 - ABLE TO BUILDS THAT FAMILY AND

40:51 - CONTINUE THAT FAMILY THROUGH

40:53 - ALL OF THE CHALLENGES OF THE

40:55 - REVOLUTIONARY WAR.

40:57 - EVEN THOUGH WE DON'T KNOW A LOT

40:59 - ABOUT HER STORY SHE GIVES US AN

41:00 - OPPORTUNITY TO TALK ABOUT BLACK

41:02 - FAMILY TO TALK ABOUT BLACK

41:04 - AGENCY TO TALK ABOUT THE ROLES

41:06 - OF AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN AND

41:07 - WOMEN IN GENERAL IN THE

41:08 - REVOLUTIONARY WAR AND ALL OF

41:10 - THE IN NEW WAYS THAT REALLY ADD

41:13 - UP TO WHAT BECOMES A MAJOR

41:15 - SUCCESS FOR GEORGE WASHINGTON

41:16 - AND THE REVOLUTIONARIES DURING

41:18 - THE AMERICAN

41:19 - REVOLUTION AND THE

41:20 - REVOLUTIONARY WAR. SHE'S JUST

41:22 - ONE PERSON AND YET THROUGH HER

41:25 - STORY, SHE'S ABLE TO ELUCIDATE

41:27 - AND LIFT UP

41:28 - HUGE PIECES HUGE MOMENTS

41:31 - HUGE STORIES OF INTEREST FOR

41:32 - THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND THE

41:34 - CAUSE TO MAKE THIS NATION AN

41:35 - INDEPENDENT LINE.

41:39 - >>IN LEBANON SECTION

41:40 - ONCE AGAIN ALONG THIS ROAD WITH

41:42 - SOME OF THE MOST FAMOUS NAMES

41:44 - AND AMERICAN HISTORY. ABSOLUTE

41:46 - DOSES OVER THERE. RICHARD ALLEN

41:48 - SEEMS OVER HERE. STILLS NAME IS

41:50 - OVER HERE. CHARLOT STILL.

41:54 - THESE ARE THE FOLKS THAT ARE

41:55 - TOLD APPEARS TO BE.

41:56 - >>AND AMERICAN HISTORY. IT'S

41:57 - MADE UP. SO IN A WAY THIS IS

42:00 - OUR OWN HEROES ROW RIGHT HERE

42:02 - AT THE MELBOURNE ON SECTION OF

42:04 - COURSE THAT AN OXYGEN BECAUSE

42:05 - IT WAS CALLED LEBANON STILL

42:08 - IS AMAZING

42:09 - BORN INTO FREEDOM ESCAPE FROM

42:12 - SLAVERY. MEN SHE HAD ESCAPED

42:15 - SLAVERY TWICE TO ENSURE THAT

42:16 - OUR FAMILY WILL CONTINUE OR AS

42:18 - A FREE FAMILY WROTE IT STOPPED,

42:21 - WE'RE STILL.

42:25 - LUMBER INDUSTRY.

42:26 - THE VISION BECAME THE

42:27 - OPERATIVE. FOR PENNSYLVANIA,

42:30 - ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY. WE HAVE

42:32 - STILL HAD A DAUGHTER CAROLINE

42:34 - IS ONE OF THE FIRST AFRICAN

42:36 - WOMAN TO GET. AND

42:37 - MEDICAL DEGREE FROM THE WOMAN'S

42:39 - MEDICAL SCHOOL HERE IS ALL OF

42:41 - YOU. CAROLINE, SHE ALSO

42:43 - MARY WELL. I GOT A MATTHEW

42:45 - ANDERSON MATTHEW AND IT OF

42:47 - COURSE WAS A PREACHER AT THE UN

42:49 - A MARINE, PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.

42:52 - SO THE STILL STILL KNOWN TO

42:55 - THIS DAY. ALL AROUND THE

42:57 - DELAWARE VALLEY. WAS NOT THE

42:59 - FIRST GENERATION AFTER THE

43:01 - SECOND GENERATION.

43:02 - SO STILL RIGHT ALONG HERE.

43:05 - WE ARE ONE OF THE MOST FAMOUS

43:06 - ONE OF

43:06 - THE ARCHITECTS, JULIAN ABELE HE

43:09 - DESIGNED A VOTE OF THE MUSEUM

43:10 - OF ART. THAT LIBRARY

43:12 - OF PHILADELPHIA, FREE LIBRARY

43:14 - AND THE CHILDREN'S COURT AND

43:16 - THAT'S ONLY THE BEGINNING OF

43:17 - THE WORK THAT HE DID IT WENT TO

43:18 - THE PIE VOTE. THE PHILADELPHIA

43:20 - SCHOOL OF FINE ARTS. ULTIMATELY

43:22 - THE PAN JUST AN AMAZING

43:25 - TREMENDOUS ARTIST AND ARCHITECT

43:28 - JULIAN ABELE.

43:35 - BECAUSE OF WHO IS HERE BECAUSE

43:37 - OF WHAT THEY'VE DONE.

43:40 - FIND OUT WHO YOU ARE FIND OUT

43:42 - WHAT THESE PEOPLE HAVE DONE

43:44 - BELIEVE ME THEY'RE NOT THE

43:45 - CRIMINALS THAT PEOPLE WITH

43:46 - SUSPECT IF YOU WOULD FIND IN A

43:48 - GRAVEYARD. IN HEROES OF OUR

43:50 - STORIES THEM MEANING FOR OUR

43:53 - LIVES. AN WHAT MAKES

43:55 - THIS YARD VERY VERY SPECIAL IN

43:57 - AMERICAN HISTORY. AFRICAN

43:59 - AMERICAN HISTORY. AND.