00:20 - >>WELCOME TO THE LEHIGH VALLEY

00:21 - HERITAGE MUSEUM

00:22 - LOCATED HERE IN ALLENTOWN

00:24 - PENNSYLVANIA. MY NAME IS JILL

00:26 - YOUNGKIN AND I AM THE CHIEF

00:29 - CURATOR HERE AT

00:30 - THE MUSEUM. OUR ORGANIZATION IS

00:33 - AN OLD ORGANIZATION.

00:35 - WE WERE ORGANIZED IN

00:37 - 19 '04 AND EVER SINCE THAT TIME

00:41 - WE HAVE BEEN

00:42 - COLLECTING

00:43 - PRESERVING AND TELLING THE

00:46 - STORY OF AMERICAN HISTORY FROM

00:48 - THE LEHIGH VALLEY POINT OF

00:50 - VIEW. THIS IS A WONDERFUL

00:51 - MUSEUM. INSIDE WHICH IS RIGHT

00:54 - BEHIND US HERE WE HAVE EXHIBIT

00:56 - CALORIES THAT CONTAINED ALL

00:58 - SORTS OF OUR MANY ARTIFACTS

01:00 - THAT HELPED TO TELL THE STORY

01:02 - OF THE LEHIGH VALLEY AND THEN

01:04 - THE NATIONAL STORY AS WELL

01:06 - BESIDES OUR EXHIBIT GALLERIES

01:08 - WE HAVE A RESEARCH LIBRARY IN

01:11 - FACT WE'RE VERY FORTUNATE TO

01:12 - HAVE A MUSEUM AND A RESEARCH

01:14 - LIBRARY. ALL IN THE SAME

01:16 - BUILDING IN THE RESEARCH

01:18 - LIBRARY WE ALSO HAVE AN

01:19 - ARCHIVES AND IN THOSE CAR KIND

01:21 - OF SWEEP PRESERVE OUR HISTORY

01:23 - AS WELL. WE HAVE OVER

01:25 - 3 MILLION DOCUMENTS AND WELL

01:27 - OVER 200,000 PHOTOGRAPHS.

01:31 - WE ALSO HAVE RESEARCHERS THAT

01:33 - COME FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD TO

01:35 - DO RESEARCH AND THE RESEARCH

01:36 - LIBRARY TOO.

01:38 - >>SO THIS IS THE PLACE.

01:41 - THIS IS THE MUSEUM TO COME TO

01:42 - SEE THE HISTORY

01:44 - OF NOT ONLY AMERICA BUT THE

01:46 - LOCAL HISTORY AS WELL AS IT

01:48 - UNFOLDS FOR YOU. THIS IS YOUR

01:50 - HISTORY.

01:56 - >>THE HOUSE THAT YOU SEE RIGHT

01:57 - BEHIND ME IS

01:59 - TROUT HALL. IT ROSE HALL WAS

02:01 - BUILT IN 1770 AND IT IS NOW

02:04 - ALLENTOWN'S OLDEST STANDING

02:06 - HOUSE AND IT HAS SUCH A

02:08 - SIGNIFICANT HISTORY. IT WAS

02:10 - BUILT BY JAMES ALLEN WHOSE

02:12 - FATHER, WILLIAM ALLEN WAS THE

02:14 - FOUNDER OF ALLENTOWN

02:16 - NOW YOU CAN TELL BY LOOKING AT

02:17 - THIS HOME THAT IT WAS THE HOME

02:19 - OF A VERY WEALTHY ARISTOCRATIC

02:21 - FAMILY. AND JAMES ALLEN

02:23 - CERTAINLY WAS.

02:25 - AND HE HAD BUILT THIS HOME HAS

02:26 - A SUMMER HOME.

02:28 - UNFORTUNATELY, THOUGH ONE THING

02:30 - INTERFERED WITH WITH THIS HOUSE

02:33 - AND THAT WAS THE REVOLUTIONARY

02:34 - WAR. AND WHEN JAMES ALLEN

02:37 - EXPECTED TO HOLD LOTS OF

02:39 - PARTIES HERE AND HAVE GOOD

02:41 - TIMES HERE AT THIS HOUSE.

02:43 - THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR

02:45 - INTERRUPTED THAT, BUT THE STORY

02:48 - OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR AND

02:49 - THE STANCES THAT WILLIAM ALLEN

02:51 - TOOK JAMES ALAN TOOK

02:53 - AND ALSO THE PEOPLE IN THIS

02:55 - AREA IS VERY SIGNIFICANT

02:57 - AND IT TELLS THE AMERICAN STORY

02:59 - OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR.

03:00 - RIGHT HERE IN ALLENTOWN.

03:17 - >>THIS PART OF THE

03:18 - GALLERY CELEBRATES THE LIFE AND

03:20 - CULTURE OF THE PENNSYLVANIA

03:21 - GERMANS, THEY WERE OF

03:23 - PARTICULAR IMPORTANCE IN THIS

03:25 - AREA. THEY WERE ONE OF THE

03:27 - FIRST WHITE SETTLERS TO SETTLE

03:29 - THIS AREA.

03:30 - MANY CAME HERE TO SEEK ECONOMIC

03:32 - OPPORTUNITY AND

03:33 - RELIGIOUS FREEDOM. AND WHEN

03:35 - THEY GOT HERE THEY NOTICED THAT

03:37 - THE LAND LOOKS SIMILAR TO WHERE

03:39 - THEY CAME FROM WHICH

03:40 - WAS PRIMARILY CERTAIN PARTS OF

03:44 - GERMANY AND SWITZERLAND.

03:46 - WHAT THEY DIDN'T DO.

03:47 - 2 IS THEY BROUGHT THEIR

03:49 - TRADITIONS WITH THEM IN THE

03:50 - STREETS, MANY OF THESE

03:51 - TRADITIONS

03:52 - REMAIN TODAY. CAN YOU IMAGINE

03:55 - WHAT OUR CHRISTMAS TIME WOULD

03:56 - BE LIKE WITHOUT CHRISTMAS TREES

03:58 - ARE GIFT GIVING. WE CAN THANK

04:00 - PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS

04:01 - FOR THOSE TRADITIONS TRADITIONS

04:03 - THAT WE STILL MOST OF US STILL

04:05 - CARRY ON TODAY.

04:07 - PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS ALSO HAD A

04:09 - LOVE OF COLOR AND

04:11 - NATURAL MOTIFS AND THESE CASES

04:13 - SHOW YOU THAT WHETHER IT'S THE

04:15 - PAINTINGS OF GLADYS LOOKS OVER

04:17 - HERE ON THE WALL

04:19 - OR SOME OF THE PARTY RE IN HERE

04:21 - AS WELL

04:22 - EVEN THEIR BUTTER MOLDS WERE

04:23 - MADE WITH THIS BEAUTIFUL

04:24 - NATURAL MOTIFS THE PENNSYLVANIA

04:27 - GERMANS CULTURE IS STILL A

04:29 - GREAT INFLUENCE IN THIS AREA AS

04:31 - WELL. ALTHOUGH YOU DON'T HEAR

04:34 - THE PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN

04:35 - LANGUAGE VERY OFTEN ANYMORE IT

04:37 - IS STILL WITH US AND WILL

04:38 - ALWAYS REMAIN A STRONG

04:40 - INFLUENCE.

04:43 - LIFE ON A PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN

04:45 - FARM COULD BE DIFFICULT AND IT

04:47 - WAS A LOT OF HARD WORK

04:48 - SPECIALLY IN THE LATE 17 AND

04:50 - EARLY

04:51 - 1800'S, EVERYONE HELPS

04:54 - ESPECIALLY AT HARVEST TIME MEN

04:56 - WOMEN AND CHILDREN AND EVEN

04:57 - NEIGHBORS. AND THEY USE A LOT

05:00 - OF TOOLS THAT WE WOULD CONSIDER

05:02 - RUDIMENTARY TODAY BUT WE'RE

05:04 - VERY QUITE SOPHISTICATED FOR

05:05 - THEIR TIME. WE HAVE FOR EXAMPLE

05:08 - RIGHT HERE A PLOW THE PLOW

05:10 - REALLY MADE THEIR WORK MUCH

05:11 - MORE EASIER BY IT.

05:13 - DIGGING UP AND TURNING THE

05:14 - GROUND AND PUSHING THE TOPSOIL

05:16 - DOWN TO THE BOTTOM.

05:18 - THEY ALSO WOMEN OF COURSE YOU

05:21 - COULDN'T GO TO THE

05:22 - STORE IN THE MALL AND BUY YOUR

05:24 - CLOTHING IS WOMEN MADE THEIR

05:26 - OWN CLOTHING AND THE USE OF

05:27 - SPINNING WHEELS SPIN THE CLOSS

05:29 - WITH THAT.

05:31 - APPLE'S AND TODAY, THE GERMAN

05:33 - TITLE LOVE OF APPLES AND SO

05:35 - THEY CAME UP WITH THIS

05:36 - WONDERFUL. THE INVENTION WHICH

05:38 - WAS THE APPLE CORPS IT MADE

05:40 - THEIR WORK A LOT EASIER AND IF

05:42 - YOU LOOK OVER HERE IN THE

05:43 - CORNER YOU'LL SEE THAT HUGE

05:45 - HUGE TUB, IT'S A COPPER TUB AND

05:47 - THEY USE THAT TO MAKE APPLE

05:49 - BUTTER. THIS WOULD BE A PROJECT

05:51 - THAT THEY WOULD DO IN THE FALL.

05:52 - MOST LIKELY BRINGING A LOT OF

05:54 - THEIR NEIGHBORS WITH THEM AND

05:55 - IT WAS WAR,

05:56 - IT MAY WORK MUCH MORE EAST YEAR

05:58 - WITH A LOT OF PEOPLE THERE TO

05:59 - HAVE A GOOD TIME

06:00 - AS WELL.

06:02 - QUILTS ALSO WERE SOMETHING THAT

06:04 - WOMEN WOULD MAKE THAT WOULD

06:06 - HELP TO KEEP EVERYONE WARM IN

06:08 - IN THE WINTER TIME. SO A LOT OF

06:11 - THESE TOOLS REALLY MADE THE JOB

06:14 - MUCH MORE EAST YEAR FOR

06:16 - PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS.

06:21 - WE SAW IT WAS IMPORTANT FOR

06:22 - PEOPLE TO KNOW AND UNDERSTAND

06:25 - WHAT THE LEHIGH VALLEY WAS LIKE

06:27 - WHAT IT HAD

06:27 - TO OFFER AND WHERE THEIR PLACE

06:30 - IN THE LEHIGH VALLEY.

06:31 - IT IS SO WE BUILT IN-HOUSE THIS

06:34 - MAP WHICH BY THE WAY WAS A LOT

06:36 - OF FUN TO DO.

06:38 - BUT WHAT IT SHOWS YOU ARE THE 3

06:40 - MAIN IN THE LEHIGH VALLEY

06:43 - ALLENTOWN BETHLEHEM IN EASTON

06:47 - AND IT ALSO

06:48 - SHOWS YOU WHERE ARE MANY MANY

06:50 - OF THE HISTORICAL SITES ARE AS

06:52 - WELL. ALSO OF COURSE

06:55 - WHAT THE LEHIGH VALLEY

06:56 - ENCOMPASSES NOW LEHIGH VALLEY

06:58 - HAS CERTAINLY CHANGED OVER THE

06:59 - YEARS AND IT'S ACTUALLY

07:01 - GROWN LARGER BUT GEOGRAPHICALLY

07:04 - YOU CAN TELL BY THE MAP WHERE

07:06 - IT BEGINS WHICH IS UP BY LEHIGH

07:08 - CAP

07:08 - GAP, THE APPALACHIAN TRAIL

07:11 - YOU'LL SEE PALMERTON THERE AS

07:12 - WELL AND GOES DOWN IN COMPASS

07:16 - EVEN BUCKS COUNTY NOW. SO THE

07:19 - AREA HAS GROWN.

07:21 - AS THE HAS GROWN AS WELL.

07:27 - THIS BILL IS ONE OF OUR

07:29 - FAVORITE ARE

07:30 - THE FACTS. IT WAS UP IN THE

07:32 - LEHIGH COUNTY COURTHOUSE UP IN

07:34 - THE COUPE DE LA.

07:35 - AND IT HAD A VERY IMPORTANT

07:36 - ROLE IN HISTORY HERE OF LEHIGH

07:38 - COUNTY IN THE LEHIGH VALLEY.

07:40 - THIS BILL WAS WRONG. WHEN EVER.

07:43 - THERE WAS THE NECESSARY

07:45 - INFORMATION THAT EVERYONE IN

07:47 - TOWN NEEDED TO HEAR SO FOR

07:49 - EXAMPLE IF THERE WAS A READING

07:52 - OF SOME IMPORTANT PAPER

07:53 - IF THERE WAS AN IMPORTANT TRIAL

07:55 - THAT WAS ENDING IN THE VERDICT

07:57 - WAS IN ANY INFORMATION THAT HAD

08:00 - TO BE GOING OUT TO THE PUBLIC

08:02 - WOULD THEY WOULD RING THE BELL

08:04 - AND IT'S A VERY VERY LOUD BELL.

08:07 - THEY RING IT SEVERAL TIMES

08:09 - AND EVERYONE WILL COME TO THE

08:10 - CENTER OF TOWN WHICH WAS THE

08:12 - CENTER OF TOWN AT THAT TIME

08:13 - WHERE THE LEHIGH COUNTY

08:14 - COURTHOUSE IS AND LISTEN TO THE

08:16 - NEWS.

08:20 - NATURAL

08:20 - RESOURCES PLAYED A VERY

08:22 - IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE

08:23 - DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEHIGH

08:25 - VALLEY AREA.

08:27 - THIS AREA HAD SO MANY DIFFERENT

08:29 - NATURAL FOR

08:32 - EXAMPLE, SLEET WHICH IS STILL

08:34 - AN INDUSTRY NOW TODAY THAT'S IN

08:36 - EXISTENCE. LIMESTONE LIMESTONE

08:38 - WHICH WAS USED TO BUILD HOMES

08:41 - OTHER THINGS AS WELL.

08:43 - CEMENT ROCK. WE HAD A STRIVING

08:46 - CEMENT INDUSTRY IN THIS AREA

08:48 - WHICH EXISTED FOR QUITE A LONG

08:49 - TIME AND IN PARTICULAR IRON ORE

08:52 - AT ONE TIME IN THIS AREA IN

08:55 - THE DARK 18 LATE 1800'S AND

08:58 - EARLY 1900'S,

08:59 - THIS AREA WAS DOTTED WITH

09:01 - ANSWER SITE IRON FURNACES

09:04 - IN FACT, MANY FARMERS AT THAT

09:06 - TIME SOLD THEIR LAND.

09:07 - SO THAT FURNACES COULD BE BUILT

09:09 - ON THAT PLAN

09:10 - THAT WAS THE PRIMARY VERY

09:12 - PRIMARY INDUSTRY IN THIS AREA

09:14 - UNTAPPED TILL OF COURSE STEELE

09:17 - BECAME KING.

09:20 - THE LEHIGH VALLEY AREA

09:22 - WAS FORTUNATE TO HAVE WONDERFUL

09:24 - TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM AND WE

09:26 - ALL KNOW HOW IMPORTANT THAT IS

09:28 - DEVELOPMENT OF

09:29 - AN AREA IN PARTICULAR THE

09:32 - LEHIGH VALLEY HAD WONDERFUL.

09:36 - WATER

09:37 - TRANSPORTATION WAYS. THEY HAD

09:39 - SEVERAL RIVERS AND ALSO THE

09:41 - DELAWARE RIVER WHICH ALL COULD

09:43 - COME COMBINE AND

09:45 - MOVE TRAFFIC FROM ONE AREA

09:47 - TO ANOTHER. EARLIER IN THE

09:51 - CANALS WOULD MOVE COULD

09:53 - SPECIALLY USE THINGS LIKE

09:55 - ANSWER SITE COLE FROM ONE HEIR

09:57 - TO THE OTHER

09:58 - AND WE ACTUALLY HAVE THIS

09:59 - WONDERFUL EXAMPLE OF A CANAL

10:01 - BOAT. CANAL BOATS WERE MOVED

10:03 - FORWARD PRIMARILY

10:04 - BY MULES YOU CAN ALSO SEE SOME

10:08 - OF THE OTHER ARTIFACTS THAT

10:10 - WERE USED ON A CANAL BOAT,

10:12 - LANTERNS OF COURSE LANTERNS NOT

10:14 - ONLY GAVE LIGHT.

10:15 - BUT THEY PROVIDED SIGNALS FROM

10:17 - ONE CANAL BOAT TO ANOTHER'S

10:19 - MAKE SURE I KNEW IF ANOTHER

10:21 - CANAL BOAT WAS COMING AS WELL.

10:24 - ANOTHER IMPORTANT

10:25 - TRANSPORTATION WAY WAS THE WAS

10:27 - THE RAILROAD

10:28 - AND IN THIS AREA WE HAD THE

10:30 - LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD AND IT

10:33 - AGAIN STARTED OUT MOVING ANSWER

10:36 - SITE COLE FROM

10:37 - UP NORTH DOWN HERE TO THIS AREA

10:40 - AND THEN ON TO PHILADELPHIA OR

10:42 - TO OTHER AREAS AS WELL.

10:44 - AND THERE WERE A LOT OF

10:45 - PARTICULAR ARTIFACTS THAT WE

10:47 - HAVE HERE TOOTH THAT SHOW THAT

10:49 - STORY. WE HAVE THIS STRONG BOX

10:52 - YOU CAN IMAGINE HOW HEAVY THAT

10:54 - MUST HAVE BEEN

10:55 - BUT THAT WOULD TAKE CARE OF

10:56 - VALUABLES THINK ABOUT WHAT WE

10:58 - USE TODAY. WE WOULD NOT NEED

11:00 - ANYTHING QUITE AS HEAVY AS

11:02 - THAT, BUT AT ONE TIME THIS

11:04 - WOULD WOULD HAVE TO SUFFICE.

11:07 - THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD TO

11:09 - WAS

11:10 - A PARTICULAR PET OF THIS AREA

11:12 - AND THAT'S BECAUSE OF THE BLACK

11:14 - DIAMOND EXPRESS AND THE BLACK

11:16 - DIAMOND EXPRESS WAS CALLED THAT

11:19 - BECAUSE IT DID INITIALLY

11:21 - A MOVE ANSWER SITE COAL FROM

11:23 - ONE AREA TO THE OTHER. BUT THEN

11:25 - THEY ADDED ANOTHER COMPONENT

11:26 - AND THAT WAS PASSENGER CARS

11:29 - AND PEOPLE FROM THIS AREA FROM

11:30 - THE LEHIGH VALLEY COULD TAKE A

11:32 - TRIP. TO

11:35 - NIAGARA FALLS. AND BACK AGAIN

11:37 - ON THIS LUXURIOUS BLACK DIAMOND

11:40 - EXPRESS AND YOU CAN SEE

11:42 - THE SEAT. THAT WAS ONE OF THE

11:45 - SEATS THAT PEOPLE WOULD SIT IN

11:46 - VERY LUXURIOUS AT THE TIME.

11:49 - THEY COULD HAVE A MEAL ON THEIR

11:50 - THEY WOULD SPEND A

11:51 - WHOLE DAY. 18 ON WITH A GREAT

11:54 - MEAL WITH SILVER AS WELL SO IT

11:58 - WAS CONSIDERED QUITE

11:59 - QUITE IN A LAB OR IT AND ICE T

12:03 - JUST TYPE OF TRIP TO TAKE.

12:07 - WHEN

12:07 - PRESIDENT WILSON ANNOUNCE

12:10 - AMERICA'S ENTRY INTO WORLD WAR

12:12 - ONE THE LEHIGH VALLEY JUMPED

12:14 - INTO ACTION JUST AS THEY HAD 4.

12:17 - ALL THE WARS BEFORE AND WOULD

12:18 - FOR THE WARS AFTERWARDS IN THE

12:21 - LEHIGH VALLEY HERE

12:23 - MANY MANY SOLDIERS FOR THE

12:25 - FIRST TIME WHEN OVER TO YOUR UP

12:27 - TO FIGHT IN FRANCE IN ITALY AND

12:30 - OTHER IN THE IN

12:32 - THE COUNTRY. WE HAVE IT

12:34 - WONDERFUL UNIFORM HERE FROM

12:36 - WORLD

12:36 - WAR ONE. WE ALSO HAVE A HAT

12:38 - DISPLAYED IN THE CASE THAT

12:40 - HELPS TO TELL THAT STORY

12:41 - ALONG WITH MANY MEMORABILIA OF

12:44 - SOME OF THE SOLDIERS. THEIR

12:45 - LETTERS HOME.

12:47 - THERE A RAZOR THAT SOMEONE USED

12:50 - WHEN THEY WERE OVER IN YOUR

12:52 - TO SHAVER.

12:53 - JUST MANY EXAMPLES OF WHAT IT

12:56 - MUST HAVE BEEN LIKE AND FELT

12:58 - LIKE TO FIGHT IN WORLD WAR ONE.

13:01 - WE ALSO HAVE

13:02 - SOME ARTIFACTS AND PHOTOGRAPHS

13:05 - OF CAMP CRANE AND CAN'T CRANES

13:07 - SIGNIFICANCE WAS THAT

13:09 - IT WAS A CAMP THAT WAS SET UP

13:10 - FOR MILITARY PERSONNEL RIGHT

13:12 - HERE IN ALLENTOWN AND MEN FROM

13:15 - ALL OVER THE COUNTRY.

13:17 - FROM MANY FROM VERY PRESTIGIOUS

13:19 - UNIVERSITIES LIKE HARVARD AND

13:21 - PRINCETON CAME HERE TO TRAIN AT

13:24 - THE FAIRGROUNDS

13:26 - NOW YOU HAVE TO REMEMBER THIS

13:27 - IS WORLD WAR ONE AND MOST MEN

13:30 - MOST PEOPLE DID NOT EVEN DRIVE

13:32 - CARS YET.

13:33 - BUT THIS MAN CAME HERE TO LEARN

13:35 - HOW TO

13:35 - DRIVE CARS AND TO BECOME

13:38 - AMBULANCE DRIVERS AND THEY MANY

13:40 - OF THEM WENT OVER INTO FRANCE.

13:43 - SOME PARTICULAR

13:45 - PEOPLE THAT YOU MAY KNOW WAS

13:46 - THE GREAT WRITER ERNEST

13:48 - HEMINGWAY, HE TRAINED HERE.

13:50 - IN ALLENTOWN AND TALKED A

13:53 - LITTLE BIT ABOUT HIS

13:54 - EXPERIENCES THERE BESIDES

13:57 - MILITARY PERSONNEL INDUSTRIES

13:59 - JUMPED INTO ACTION AS FROM

14:02 - STEEL PLAYED A MAJOR ROLE IN

14:04 - TERMS OF PROVIDING MUNITIONS TO

14:07 - THE

14:07 - ALLIED FORCES. MACK TRUCKS AS

14:09 - WELL HE MAY HAVE HEARD OF THE

14:11 - BULLDOG LITTLE BULLDOG MACK

14:12 - TRUCKS. THEY SENT THOUSANDS AND

14:15 - THOUSANDS OF TRUCKS OVER TO

14:17 - EUROPE TO HELP FIGHT IN THE WAR

14:19 - AS WELL.

14:20 - SO THE LEHIGH VALLEY HAS

14:22 - PROVIDED SIGNIFICANT HELP TO

14:24 - THE WAR EFFORT.

14:27 - IN THE LATE 1800 S AND EARLY

14:30 - 1900'S INDUSTRY IN THE

14:32 - LEHIGH VALLEY DIVERSIFIED AND

14:34 - ALSO EXPANDED TO MEET A GROWING

14:37 - A LEHIGH VALLEY AND ALSO A

14:39 - GROWING NATION A CEMENT STILL

14:41 - REMAINED, BUT SOME PUT CEMENT

14:44 - PRODUCTION BECAME MUCH MUCH

14:46 - LARGER

14:47 - AND AGAIN PARTLY BECAUSE WE HAD

14:50 - THIS WONDERFUL

14:50 - LIMESTONE HERE. AS WELL AS ALL

14:54 - THE OTHER COMPONENTS THAT WERE

14:55 - NECESSARY FOR THE

14:57 - LIMESTONE INDUSTRY. BUT OTHER

14:59 - INDUSTRIES ALSO CAME TO THE

15:01 - FOREFRONT AT THAT TIME AND ONE

15:03 - OF THOSE INDUSTRIES WAS THE

15:04 - SILK INDUSTRY AND THAT ONE

15:07 - TIME. THE SILK INDUSTRY IN THE

15:09 - LEHIGH VALLEY OUT PRODUCED A

15:12 - SILK INDUSTRY IN PATERSON NEW

15:14 - JERSEY AND PATTERSON NEW JERSEY

15:16 - WAS ALWAYS THE CHAMPION OF SILK

15:18 - PRODUCTION BEFORE THAT THERE

15:21 - HUNDREDS OF SILK MILLS HERE

15:23 - THROUGHOUT THE LEHIGH VALLEY

15:24 - AND PRIMARILY WOMEN WORKERS

15:26 - WERE THE ONES WHO WORKED IN

15:28 - THOSE SOAK MILLS.

15:30 - ANOTHER INDUSTRY THAT REALLY

15:31 - TOOK A GRASP IN THIS AREA WAS

15:33 - THE CIGAR INDUSTRY TOBACCO WAS

15:35 - NOT GROWN HERE, BUT THEY

15:37 - ACTUALLY PRODUCE THE CIGARS

15:39 - HERE THE TOBACCO CAME FROM

15:40 - LANCASTER AND THEN CAME TO THE

15:42 - LEHIGH VALLEY

15:43 - AND WOMEN WOULD WORK IN THE

15:45 - MILLS THERE AS WELL.

15:47 - THE SLATE INTERSTATE CONTINUED

15:49 - AND IS STILL PROMINENT INDUSTRY

15:51 - TO THIS DAY.

15:53 - THIS GALLERY IS

15:54 - DEVOTED TO THE LIFE AND LEGACY

15:57 - OF GENERAL HARRY C TREXLER

15:59 - HE IS PROBABLY THE MOST WELL

16:02 - KNOWN PERSON IN THE LEHIGH

16:03 - VALLEY AREA AND SPECIFICALLY IN

16:06 - LEHIGH COUNTY. AND

16:08 - THAT'S BECAUSE AS A BUSINESS

16:10 - PERSON.

16:12 - HE WAS INVOLVED IN MANY MANY

16:15 - VENTURES AND THROUGHOUT HIS

16:17 - LIFE. HE WAS ABLE TO AMASS

16:19 - QUITE A FORTUNE.

16:21 - AND HE GAVE THAT FORTUNE AWAY

16:23 - HE CREATED A TRUST

16:25 - WHICH IT IS STILL IN EXISTENCE

16:28 - TO THIS STAY

16:29 - AND HELPS OUT ALL THE

16:30 - NONPROFITS IN THIS AREA.

16:33 - SO PLACES LIKE THIS MUSEUM AS

16:35 - WELL AS OTHER MUSEUMS IN

16:38 - LEHIGH COUNTY WOULD NOT BE IN

16:40 - EXISTENCE WITHOUT HIS HELP.

16:42 - AND I THINK THAT IS THE MOST

16:43 - IMPORTANT PART OF HIS LEGACY

16:46 - THAT HE CONTINUES EVEN IN HIS

16:48 - DEATH TO HELP OTHERS.

16:52 - FROM THE

16:53 - VERY BEGINNING IMMIGRANTS CAME

16:55 - TO THIS COUNTRY AND PLAYED A

16:56 - SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN THE

16:58 - DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS OF THE

17:00 - LEHIGH VALLEY

17:01 - EARLIER IN THE EARLY 1700'S.

17:04 - THE PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS AND

17:05 - SCOTCH IRISH CAME HERE.

17:08 - LATER GROUPS CAME FROM EASTERN

17:10 - AND WESTERN EUROPE.

17:12 - AND THEN LATER THE IMMIGRANTS

17:15 - WE HAD IMMIGRANTS

17:16 - CAME FROM LATINO COUNTRIES AS

17:19 - WELL AS AFRICAN AMERICANS ALSO

17:21 - CAME TO THIS FROM VARIOUS AREAS

17:24 - AS WELL IN EACH IMMIGRANT GROUP

17:26 - BROUGHT WITH THEM. A DIFFERENT

17:28 - STRENGTHS AND A

17:30 - DIFFERENT CULTURE AND HELP TO

17:32 - DIVERSIFY THIS AREA AND IN

17:35 - DOING SO WITH THEIR NEW WITH

17:37 - NEW IDEAS. A NEW CULTURE

17:40 - NEW TRADITIONS. THEY ALL

17:43 - HAVE MADE THE LEHIGH VALLEY A

17:44 - MUCH MORE STRONGER MUCH

17:47 - MORE INTERESTING AND ENJOYABLE

17:49 - PLACE TO LIVE.

17:53 - WHEN THE UNITED STATES ENTERED

17:55 - WORLD WAR 2. A YOUNG

17:57 - NURSING GRADUATE, DECIDED THAT

17:59 - SHE WANTED TO HELP

18:01 - AND SHE BECAME PART OF THE

18:03 - NORTH'S NURSES CORE OF THE

18:05 - UNITED STATES ARMY SHE SPENT

18:07 - HER CAREER AS A NURSE IN WORLD

18:10 - WAR 2. THE KOREAN WAR

18:13 - AND AND THE

18:14 - VIETNAM WAR AFTER THE VIETNAM

18:17 - WAR SHE BECAME PROMOTED TO THE

18:19 - RANK OF BRIGADIER GENERAL IN

18:22 - JUNE OF 1970

18:24 - AND SHE WAS THE FIRST WOMAN TO

18:26 - DO SO.

18:27 - BUT THAT WAS NOT ENOUGH FOR

18:28 - GENERAL OKAY HAYES.

18:32 - SHE WENT ON TO BE THE 13TH

18:35 - CHIEF THE NURSES SCORE.

18:38 - TO MAKE

18:39 - SIGNIFICANT CHANGES TO THE WAY

18:41 - THE ARMY EXCEPTED WOMEN INTO

18:43 - THE CORE.

18:45 - FOR EXAMPLE, SHE

18:46 - WAS INSTRUMENTAL AND CHANGING

18:49 - THE POLICY THAT WHEN WOMEN

18:50 - MARRIED TO THAT THEY HAD TO

18:52 - LEAVE

18:52 - THE CORE. SHE SPENT THE REST OF

18:54 - HER CAREER MAKING SIGNIFICANT

18:56 - CHANGES IN THE NURSES CORPS AND

18:59 - TO THE MILITARY.

19:05 - AS YOU WALK INTO

19:06 - THIS PRESIDENTIAL GALLERY

19:07 - YOU'RE GREETED BY AN IMAGE OF

19:10 - EVERY PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED

19:11 - STATES. THE PRESIDENT OF COURSE

19:14 - IS OUR NATIONAL SYMBOL AND THE

19:16 - HEAD OF OUR COUNTRY

19:18 - AND SO BY LOOKING AT EACH OF

19:20 - THESE PRESIDENTIAL PORTRAITS

19:23 - WE CAN UNDERSTAND MORE THE ROLE

19:26 - OF THE PRESIDENT. AND

19:28 - THE CONTINUITY THAT THE UNITED

19:30 - STATES HAS

19:31 - BECAUSE EACH PRESIDENT SUCCEEDS

19:34 - SEE OTHER.

19:35 - EACH ONE ALSO WAS A LEARNING

19:36 - EXPERIENCE IN TERMS OF THE EACH

19:38 - CONTAINS A LITTLE BIT OF A BIO

19:41 - AND YOU MAY WHAT IS FUN WHEN

19:43 - YOU WALK INTO THIS GALLERY IS

19:44 - TO LOOK IN FIRST OF ALL

19:46 - YOU MIGHT NOTICE SOME OF THE

19:47 - PRESIDENT'S THAT YOU LIKE I'M

19:48 - LOOKING RIGHT HERE AT THE

19:49 - PORTRAIT OF

19:50 - PRESIDENT LINCOLN. HE IS

19:52 - PROBABLY ONE OF OUR GREATEST

19:54 - PRESIDENTS AND OF COURSE

19:55 - WASHINGTON AS WELL.

19:57 - BUT THERE MIGHT BE SOME

19:58 - PRESIDENTS THAT AS YOU READ

20:00 - THROUGH THEIR BIOS YOU

20:01 - UNDERSTAND THAT THEY WERE ALSO

20:03 - VERY GOOD PRESIDENTS.

20:05 - AS WELL. SO OUR HOPE IS TO

20:08 - DEVELOP AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE

20:10 - PRESIDENCY AND WHAT IT MEANS TO

20:12 - OUR COUNTRY AND OF COURSE WHAT

20:13 - IT MEANS TO THE

20:14 - LEHIGH VALLEY. THE LEHIGH

20:16 - VALLEY HAS ALWAYS BEEN A

20:17 - PIVOTAL PLAYED A PIVOTAL ROLE

20:19 - IN ELECTING THE PRESIDENTS.

20:24 - THIS GALLERY ON

20:25 - NATIVE AMERICANS. IT GIVES YOU

20:28 - A GOOD IDEA OF WHAT THEIR

20:30 - HISTORY AND CULTURE IT

20:31 - WAS ABOUT COURSE HE JUST THINK

20:33 - BACK IT'S HARD TO THINK BACK TO

20:35 - HOW

20:35 - LONG AGO. THE NATIVE AMERICANS

20:38 - WERE HERE THEY WERE OF COURSE

20:39 - THE

20:40 - FIRST SETTLERS. WELL BEFORE THE

20:42 - PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS OR ANY

20:44 - OTHER SETTLERS. THEIR

20:46 - HISTORY THOUGH

20:48 - HAS LARGELY BEEN UNKNOWN UNTIL

20:50 - VERY RECENTLY AND THAT'S WHAT

20:52 - WE HOPE TO ACHIEVE IN

20:53 - THIS GALLERY. THE ARTIFACTS

20:56 - HELPED EXPLAIN THE STORY AND

20:57 - YOU CAN SEE PROJECTILE POINTS

20:59 - EVEN A CLOVIS POINT WHICH WAS

21:01 - ONE OF THE EARLIEST. PROJECTILE

21:04 - POINTS IN AS WELL AS OTHER

21:06 - TOOLS THAT THE NATIVE AMERICAN

21:08 - USED IN THEIR THEIR

21:10 - EVERYDAY LIFE. WE EVEN HAVE A

21:12 - MURAL WHERE PEOPLE STUDENTS AND

21:14 - VISITORS CAN WALK INTO IN

21:16 - SIT DOWN. AND THINK ABOUT WHAT

21:19 - IT MUST HAVE BEEN LIKE TO BE

21:20 - NATIVE AMERICAN DURING THE

21:21 - WOODLAND PERIOD. HOW THEY

21:24 - WORKED. WHAT

21:26 - THEY ATE JUST WHAT WHAT THEIR

21:29 - CULTURE AND LIFESTYLE WAS ALL

21:31 - ABOUT. SO AGAIN OUR HOPE IS TO

21:33 - DEVELOP A BETTER UNDERSTANDING

21:35 - OF THE

21:35 - NATIVE AMERICANS AND ALSO THE

21:38 - LENNY LA NOT BE WHO ARE THE

21:40 - NATIVE AMERICAN AND INDIGENOUS

21:42 - TO THIS REGION AS WELL.

21:46 - THANK YOU FOR VISITING THE

21:47 - LEHIGH VALLEY HERITAGE MUSEUM.

21:49 - WE HOPE YOU ENJOYED YOUR VISIT,

21:51 - IF YOU'D LIKE TO LEARN MORE

21:53 - ABOUT US. YOU CAN CHECK OUT OUR

21:55 - WEBSITE AT

21:56 - WWW DOT LEHIGH VALLEY HERITAGE

22:00 - MUSEUM DOT ORG. WE HOPE TO SEE

22:03 - YOU SOON.

22:37 - >>COME ALONG WITH ITS HISTORY

22:39 - AS WE EXPLORE MUSEUMS AND

22:41 - HISTORIC SITES UNIQUE TO

22:42 - PENNSYLVANIA. ON SITE EXPERTS

22:45 - PROVIDE YOU WITH AN INSIDER'S

22:46 - TOUR OF POPULAR COLLECTIONS.

22:48 - A HISTORIC HOUSES AND OFF THE

22:51 - BEATEN PATH MUSEUMS THAT

22:52 - SHOWCASE HISTORY IN

22:54 - PENNSYLVANIA. IT'S HISTORY

22:56 - SUNDAY NIGHTS AT

22:57 - 08:00PM PCN PENNSYLVANIA

23:00 - HISTORY AND CULTURE.

23:20 - >>MY NAME IS

23:21 - EYES ON THE CURATOR AT THE

23:22 - ALTOONA RARE UTTERS MEMORIAL

23:24 - MUSEUM. WE'RE STANDING IN FRONT

23:26 - OF THE OLD PENNSYLVANIA

23:27 - RAILROAD MASTER MECHANICS

23:29 - BUILDING. ORIGINALLY BUILT IN

23:31 - 1882 AND REFURBISHED INTO OUR

23:33 - MAIN MUSEUM BUILDING IN 1996.

23:36 - ALSO HERE AT THE MUSEUM.

23:37 - WE HAVE VARIOUS DISPLAYS OF

23:38 - EQUIPMENT IN THE YARD AND IN

23:40 - OUR NEW ROUNDHOUSE WE HAVE

23:42 - LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER RARE

23:44 - EQUIPMENT.

23:59 - WE'RE IN THE LOBBY OF THE

24:00 - ALTOONA RAILRIDERS MEMORIAL

24:02 - MUSEUM BEHIND ME IS THE LIFE

24:05 - I'VE REPLICA OF THE K FOR THE

24:06 - SIGNATURE LOCOMOTIVE OF ALTOONA

24:09 - THE SHOPS AND RARITY

24:10 - IN ALTOONA HERE AT THE MUSEUM.

24:13 - WE FOCUS

24:14 - NOT ONLY ON THE TECHNOLOGY OF

24:16 - THE RARE IT BUT THE LIFE AND

24:17 - TIMES OF THE RARER FROM THE WAY

24:19 - THEY LIVE THE WAY THEY PLAYED

24:21 - THE WAY THEY WORK THEIR

24:22 - ENTIRE LIFESTYLE IN THE 1920'S.

24:27 - I'M STANDING ON THE REPLICA OF

24:29 - THE 12 STREET BRIDGE WHICH

24:31 - LINKED THE HOUSING COMMUNITIES.

24:33 - ABOUT TO KNOW WITH THE SHOPS

24:35 - AND RARE AND FACILITIES

24:36 - EMPLOYEES WOULD WALK BACK AND

24:38 - FORTH ACROSS THIS BRIDGE DAILY

24:40 - TO AND FROM WORK. ON MY

24:42 - RIGHT IS THE SKYLINE OF

24:43 - ALTOONA. AND HOW IT LOOKED IN

24:46 - THE 20'S ON MY LEFT ARSENE FROM

24:48 - THE SHOP.

24:49 - SHAW FACILITIES AND RARE AND

24:52 - FACILITIES.

24:56 - I'M ON THE CITY SIDE OF THE

24:57 - 12 STREET BRIDGE, STANDING IN

24:59 - FRONT OF A TYPICAL HOUSE FROM

25:00 - THE 1920'S. AND IT HAS ALL THE.

25:04 - THINGS OF HOME WHERE THE

25:06 - RAILROAD WORKER WOULD COME HOME

25:07 - AFTER A LONG DAY OF WORK.

25:13 - >>I'M ERIN KELLY'S BAR, IT'S

25:15 - REPRESENTED THIS. THE STANDARD

25:17 - STREET CORNER SO LERNER BAR IN

25:19 - THE 1920'S WERE MANY RARE AND

25:21 - WORKERS WENT AFTER THEIR JOBS.

25:24 - YOU HEAR ACTUAL

25:25 - CONVERSATIONS THAT WERE TYPICAL

25:27 - OF THE TIME. VARIOUS BROWARD

25:29 - WORKERS COMING IN AFTER WORKING

25:31 - LONG DAYS IN THE RARE YARDS OR

25:33 - IN THE SHOPS AND THEY WOULD

25:34 - COME IN AND HAVE A A PINT OR 2

25:36 - BEFORE HEADING HOME.

25:41 - WE'RE STANDING IN FRONT OF THE

25:42 - TRACK DISPLAY HERE AT THE

25:44 - MUSEUM. IT SHOWED ALL THE

25:45 - VARIOUS TOLLS AND TECHNIQUES

25:48 - THAT WERE REQUIRED TO KEEP THE

25:49 - TRACKS.

25:52 - TRAINS FOR THE MIGHTY

25:53 - PENNSYLVANIA ERA.

26:00 - I'M HERE IN THE FOUNDRY

26:01 - EXHIBIT WHICH SHOWS THE HARD

26:03 - WORK. AND HOT CONDITIONS

26:07 - WHERE HARD FOR MADE FROM RAUL

26:09 - BATTLE TO SUPPLY ALL THE NEEDS

26:11 - OF THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD

26:13 - FROM TRAINS AND CARS. 2

26:16 - STRUCTURES AND SIGNALS.

26:18 - EVERYTHING WAS CHAOS HERE IN

26:20 - THE FOUNDRY AND IT WAS HARD

26:22 - WORK.

26:37 - IT TAKES A LOT OF DIFFERENT

26:38 - PEOPLE TO RUN A RAILROAD,

26:40 - ESPECIALLY BACK IN THE 1920'S.

26:42 - WE HAVE FARM AND WE HAD

26:43 - BRAKEMAN WE CAN DOCTORS WE

26:45 - ATTRACT WORKERS ALL TYPES OF

26:47 - PEOPLE DOING ALL KINDS OF JOBS

26:49 - TO KEEP THE RAILROAD RUNNING.

26:50 - I CARE AT THE MUSEUMS.

26:52 - YOU CAN TAKE A LOOK AT HOW ALL

26:54 - OF THEM DID THEIR JOB TO KEEP

26:55 - THE MIGHTY PENNSYLVANIA

26:56 - RAILROAD RUNNING.

27:00 - IT TOOK A LOT OF

27:00 - PEOPLE TOO RUN THE SHOP FOR ON

27:03 - THE TRAINS AND DO ALL THE

27:05 - REPAIRS HERE NOW TO KNOW.

27:07 - A LOT OF PEOPLE CAME FROM ALL

27:08 - OVER THE WORLD FOR THE

27:09 - OPPORTUNITY TO WORK FOR THE

27:12 - RAILROAD TO MAKE A LIFE FOR

27:13 - THEMSELVES. SO THE CITY OF

27:15 - ALTOONA HAS VERY MANY

27:16 - DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS LOCATED

27:18 - IN DIFFERENT PLACES THROUGHOUT

27:19 - THE TOWN THROUGHOUT THE CITY

27:21 - AND THEY ALL CAME TO WORK FOR

27:22 - THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD,

27:24 - ESPECIALLY IN THE 1920'S.

27:34 - BACK IN THE 1920'S IF YOU WORK

27:36 - FOR THE RAILROAD, YOU'RE A

27:37 - CONSERVATIVE HERO, IF YOU'RE

27:39 - AND A LOCOMOTIVE. IF YOU ARE

27:42 - YOU'RE LIKE TODAY'S ASTRONAUT

27:43 - IF YOU WORK IN A SHOP IF YOU

27:45 - WORK ON TRAINS IF YOU DIDN'T

27:47 - WEAR IT OPERATIONS. YOU DID

27:49 - DANGEROUS RISKY WORK. WORK THAT

27:53 - HEROES ARE MADE UP HERE AT

27:54 - THE MUSEUM. WE SHOW HOW

27:56 - DANGEROUS AND HOW RISKY AND HOW

27:58 - HARD AND HEROIC

28:00 - IT WAS TO WORK FOR THE RARER.

28:06 - WE'RE HERE IN A SPECIAL EXHIBIT

28:07 - AT THE RAILROAD IS ON HOW TO

28:09 - RUN A RAILROAD. WE HAVE A LARGE

28:12 - MODERATE LAYOUT

28:13 - THAT SHOWS THE PENNSYLVANIA

28:15 - RAILROAD IT SHOWS THE TOWN OF

28:16 - ALTOONA SHOWS TRAINS AND OTHER

28:18 - EQUIPMENT AS THEY LOOKED IN THE

28:21 - 1920'S.

28:23 - DISPLAYS ON HOW IMPORTANT WAS

28:25 - TO KEEP TIME. HOW IMPORTANT IT

28:27 - WAS TO WATCH SIGNALS. ALL THE

28:29 - ROLES THAT THE TRAIN MEN HAD TO

28:31 - FOLLOW TO MAKE SURE THAT THE

28:33 - RARE AND SAFE.

28:43 - A MAJOR PART OF THE

28:44 - PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD WAS ITS

28:46 - TEST FACILITIES IT NOT ONLY

28:48 - DESIGNED AND BUILT LOCOMOTIVE

28:51 - AND OTHER ROAD EQUIPMENT.

28:53 - IT

28:53 - ALSO TESTED EVERYTHING POSSIBLE

28:55 - TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY AND

28:57 - EFFECTIVENESS OF RAILROADING.

28:59 - HERE IN THE MUSEUM. WE

29:01 - SHOW ALL THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF

29:03 - THE TEST FACILITY FROM

29:04 - CHEMISTRY LAB. 2 ENGINEERING TO

29:07 - ALL KINDS OF DIFFERENT THINGS

29:08 - THAT WERE TRIED.

29:09 - THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD AND

29:10 - ITS HEYDAY WAS KNOWN AS THE

29:12 - STANDARD RARER TO THE WORLD

29:13 - BECAUSE IT PIONEERED NEW

29:15 - TECHNOLOGIES AND NEW WAYS OF

29:17 - RUNNING. THE RAILROAD.