00:28 - >>HELLO, LADIES AND GENTLEMEN.

00:29 - AND WELCOME TO BATTLEFIELD

00:31 - PENNSYLVANIA. TODAY WE'RE ON

00:32 - LOCATION IN HANOVER, YORK

00:34 - COUNTY.

00:35 - IN THE SUMMER OF 18. 63

00:37 - CONFEDERATE GENERAL JEB STUART

00:39 - WAS DESPERATE TO REUNITE WITH

00:40 - THE ARMY IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA.

00:42 - TO DO SO. HOWEVER, WE HAVE TO

00:44 - FIGHT HIS WAY THROUGH THE CITY

00:45 - OF HANOVER AND WAITING UNION

00:46 - FORCES. I'M YOUR HOST BREAK,

00:49 - RIGHT, SIR. JOINING ME TODAY

00:51 - TO DISCUSS THE BATTLE OF

00:51 - HANOVER ARE AUTHORS ERIC

00:53 - WITTENBERG AND JD PATRISSE.

00:55 - IT. GENTLEMEN, THANK YOU BOTH

00:56 - FOR BEING HERE. THANK YOU,

00:57 - BRADY. THANKS, BRADY. WE'RE

00:58 - HAPPY TO BE HERE. TELL US FIRST

01:00 - A LITTLE BIT ABOUT YOUR

01:01 - BACKGROUND. ME. I WAS I MEAN,

01:03 - ACTUALLY NATIVE PENNSYLVANIA,

01:04 - ALTHOUGH I'VE LIVED IN

01:05 - COLUMBUS, OHIO, FOR 29 YEARS.

01:07 - I A

01:08 - >>GREW UP IN THE READING AREA.

01:10 - I DID MY UNDERGRADUATE

01:11 - DICKINSON COLLEGE IN CARLISLE.

01:14 - WE HAVE A MASTER'S DEGREE IN MY

01:16 - LAW DEGREE FROM THE UNIVERSITY

01:17 - OF PITTSBURGH AND MIGRATED WEST

01:19 - FOR JOB PURPOSES. SO I'VE BEEN

01:20 - OUT THERE EVER SINCE.

01:23 - I'M THE AUTHOR OF 19 PUBLISHED

01:24 - BOOKS ON THE CIVIL WAR. MY

01:26 - SPECIALTY IS SOME WERE CAVALRY

01:28 - OPERATIONS AND THE GETTYSBURG

01:30 - CAMPAIGN.

01:33 - ALSO NATIVE PENNSYLVANIA.

01:34 - IN 1987 GRADUATE OF PENN STATE

01:37 - UNIVERSITY. BUT

01:40 - >>SCHOOL BACKGROUND WERE OR MY

01:42 - MY LEARNING BACKGROUND IS NOT

01:43 - EXACTLY HISTORY. MY DEGREE FROM

01:45 - PENN STATE IS AN INSURANCE

01:47 - WHICH IS WHAT I ACTION

01:48 - INSURANCE BROKER. IT ACTUALLY

01:51 - MAKES A KIND OF NICE BECAUSE IT

01:52 - GIVES ME THE FLEXIBILITY AND

01:53 - THE FREE TIME TO PURSUE

01:56 - HISTORICAL PURSUITS. BUT SO

01:59 - YOU'VE GOT AN INSURANCE

02:00 - SALESMAN, AN ATTORNEY HERE, I

02:01 - THINK, FOR A USED CAR SALESMAN,

02:02 - YOU PROBABLY HAVE THE TOP.

02:03 - WE HAVE IT ALL MOST POPULAR

02:06 - PEOPLE.

02:07 - >>TELL US A LITTLE BIT OF A

02:08 - HANOVER IN THE TIME OF THE

02:09 - CIVIL WAR. WELL, HANOVER IS A

02:12 - VERY OLD IT WAS A FIRST SETTLED

02:16 - IN THE 17 50'S AND WAS LAID

02:19 - OUT BY A FELLOW NAMED RICHARD

02:20 - MCALLISTER.

02:21 - >>AND I THINK 17 63 SO 100

02:24 - YEARS, ACTUALLY BEFORE THE

02:25 - BATTLE, NO, FOR HANOVER,

02:26 - GERMANY, RIGHT?

02:29 - THERE'S THERE'S THOSE GERMAN

02:30 - ROOTS AND SCOTCH IRISH AND SO

02:32 - FORTH. IT WAS KNOWN AS HICKORY

02:36 - TOWN ACTUALLY BEFORE HAND OVER

02:37 - BECAUSE HERE IN THIS AREA.

02:38 - AND YOU WOULDN'T KNOW IT TODAY.

02:39 - BUT THE AREA WAS POPULATED BY

02:43 - HICKORY SWAMPS AND HAVE VERY

02:44 - HEAVILY FORESTED AREAS AND SO

02:46 - FORTH. BUT RATHER OLD TOWN OR

02:49 - OTHER ETHNIC TOWN AND SET UP ON

02:53 - THE SAME TYPE OF BRIDGE.

02:56 - SO WE SAY IS WE KNOW A LOT OF

02:57 - THE CENTRAL AND SOUTH-CENTRAL

02:59 - PENNSYLVANIA TOWNS. WE HAVE A

03:01 - TOWN SQUARE ROADS RADIATING

03:03 - OUT OF THE TOWN. YOU KNOW WHAT

03:04 - YOU'RE USING NAME FOR THE OTHER

03:06 - TOWNS THAT THEY GO TO. AND

03:08 - BECAUSE OF THAT, THAT'S REALLY

03:09 - GOING TO PLAY A PART IN HOW

03:10 - THIS BATTLE UNFOLDS. THE WAY

03:12 - THAT I WAS LAID OUT. MUCH LIKE

03:14 - THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG.

03:15 - THIS IS ALL DRIVEN BY ROAD

03:16 - NETWORKS.

03:18 - WHAT'S THE STATE OF THE CIVIL

03:20 - WAR IN THE SUMMER OF 18?

03:21 - 63? WELL, THE CONFEDERATES HAVE

03:24 - SOUGHT TO REMOVE THE WAR FROM

03:26 - VIRGINIA TO GIVE THE FARMERS

03:27 - A BREAK.

03:28 - >>THEY HAVE AFTER MUCH

03:30 - DISCUSSION JUST ELECTED TO

03:32 - INVADE PENNSYLVANIA.

03:34 - THE LEADING ELEMENTS OF THE

03:35 - PAIR OF THE CONFEDERATE

03:36 - INVASION CROSS THE MASON-DIXON

03:38 - LINE INTO INTO PENNSYLVANIA AS

03:40 - EARLY AS JUNE 22ND ELEMENTS OF

03:42 - HIS THE ARMY OF NORTHERN

03:44 - VIRGINIA 2ND QUARTER. MAKE IT

03:45 - ALL THE WAY THE OUTSKIRTS OF

03:46 - HARRISBURG.

03:48 - WHERE THERE'S A SKIRMISH AS

03:49 - LATE AS

03:51 - JUNE. 30TH PLACE CALLED

03:53 - SPORTING HILL IN CAMP HILL.

03:55 - LEE HAS ORDERED THE

03:57 - CONCENTRATION OF THE ARMY AT

03:59 - GETTYSBURG. ONCE HE'S LEARNED

04:00 - ABOUT THE PRESENCE OF A UNION

04:02 - FORCES NORTH OF THE POTOMAC

04:04 - RIVER.

04:06 - THE ARMY. THE TIME IT'S CLOSING

04:07 - IN ON LEE'S ARMY AND THE

04:11 - CONCENTRATION POINT CHOSEN HIS

04:13 - CASH DOWN. BUT BECAUSE OF THE

04:15 - ROAD NETWORK IN GETTYSBURG.

04:18 - 10 MAJOR ROADS COME TOGETHER.

04:19 - THERE. IT BECOMES A NATURAL

04:21 - FOCAL POINT BECAUSE THE

04:23 - DISPARATE ELEMENTS OF LEE'S

04:24 - ARMY. WE HAVE TO USE THAT ROAD

04:27 - NETWORK TO GET TO CASH DOWN.

04:29 - SO CONSEQUENTLY, THE UNIT YOU

04:31 - NEED HIGH COMMAND HAS ELECTED

04:32 - TO SEND UNION CAVALRY FORCES

04:35 - TO SEIZE AND HOLD GETTYSBURG

04:37 - NEW ORDER TO BLOCK THAT ROUTE.

04:38 - AND THAT SETS THE STAGE FOR

04:40 - WHAT WILL BECOME THE BATTLE

04:41 - OF GETTYSBURG. IN THE MEANTIME,

04:43 - STUART IS CAVALRY HAVE BEEN OFF

04:44 - ON AN EIGHT-DAY EXPEDITION.

04:46 - AND THEY'RE THEY'RE RUDE OF

04:48 - MARCH IN SEARCHING FOR EWELLS

04:50 - INFANTRY. BRINGS THEM RIGHT

04:51 - THROUGH HANOVER ON THEIR WAY

04:53 - FROM WESTMINSTER, MARYLAND.

04:55 - THEY'RE ON THEIR WAY TO NEW

04:55 - YORK. ONE THING WE'VE LEARNED

04:58 - ON THIS PROGRAM, ESPECIALLY IS

04:59 - THAT LEE'S INVASION OF

05:01 - PENNSYLVANIA HAS MANY

05:02 - OBJECTIVES IN MIND. ONE OF THE

05:04 - TARGETS HE LOOKS AT, WHAT ARE

05:06 - SOME OF THE MAYBE LESS

05:08 - CONSIDERED ELEMENTS OF HIS

05:10 - INVASION THAT HE TALKED ABOUT?

05:11 - WELL, I THINK DEFINITELY

05:12 - PROBABLY, YOU KNOW, THE THE

05:14 - THE MORE WELL-KNOWN AND

05:16 - IMPORTANT GEOGRAPHICAL TARGETS

05:18 - THAT HE'S LOOKING AT.

05:18 - HARRISBURG, YOU KNOW, FOR ONE

05:21 - >>BALTIMORE.

05:22 - PHILADELPHIA, WASHINGTON AND

05:25 - I AND I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT TO

05:26 - KEEP IN MIND THAT NOT ONLY, YOU

05:28 - KNOW, THE YOU KNOW, FALL OUT OF

05:32 - RESULTS THAT IF THE CONFEDERATE

05:33 - ARMY WE'RE ACTUALLY LAY SIEGE

05:35 - UPON THESE AND, YOU KNOW, MAYBE

05:38 - SOME SORT OF A MILITARY

05:40 - DOMINANCE OF THOSE ARE JUST THE

05:42 - PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT, YOU KNOW,

05:43 - FROM THE NORTH AND I THINK

05:44 - REALLY IS VERY, VERY AWARE OF

05:46 - THAT.

05:47 - >>AS WELL AS THE NEW FEDERAL

05:48 - ARMY COMMANDER, GEORGE ME.

05:49 - BUT ALSO VERY IMPORTANTLY,

05:51 - ABRAHAM LINCOLN. YOU KNOW, THE

05:52 - PRESIDENT, I THINK THERE'S A

05:53 - THERE'S DEFINITELY A

05:54 - PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF THAT.

05:56 - >>IF A LEAD, WE CAN GET SOME

05:58 - TYPE OF A VICTORY HERE IN

06:00 - PENNSYLVANIA THAT HE WAS ALMOST

06:02 - AT THE DOORSTEP. 2 IN MARYLAND,

06:05 - YOU KNOW, THE PREVIOUS FALL,

06:06 - CULMINATING IN THE BATTLE THAN

06:07 - 10 WITH YOU CAN GET SOME TYPE

06:08 - OF VICTORY HERE IN

06:09 - NORTHERN SOIL.

06:11 - >>THAT WILL POLITICALLY MAKE A

06:13 - LOT OF THE THE NORTHERN

06:15 - CITIZENS AND POLITICIANS WHO

06:18 - ARE ALREADY TIRED OF THIS WAR

06:19 - AND MAY BE CONSIDERING SUING

06:21 - FOR PEACE. YOU KNOW, REALLY

06:22 - RETHINK THIS STRATEGY OF OF

06:25 - LINCOLN IN THE FEDERAL ARM.

06:26 - SO THERE'S THERE'S THAT

06:28 - PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF WHICH

06:29 - IS JUST AS IMPORTANT AS

06:30 - ANYTHING MILITARY OR STRATEGIC.

06:33 - >>YOU ARE BOTH CONSIDERED

06:35 - EXPERTS IN THIS FIELD. WE

06:37 - ALWAYS HEAR ABOUT WHAT IFS

06:39 - PHILADELPHIA BEING A TARGET IN

06:40 - YOUR OPINION. COULD ROBERT E

06:42 - LEE'S ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA

06:44 - HAVE ACTUALLY TAKEN

06:45 - PHILADELPHIA WOMAN. AN ATTACK

06:46 - ON PHILADELPHIA HAVE LOOKED

06:48 - LIKE. THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN

06:50 - LOGISTICALLY VERY DIFFICULT

06:51 - BECAUSE HE AT THAT POINT IS

06:53 - MORE OR LESS HAD TO CUT OFF

06:55 - HIS. WE'RE JUST TICKLED SUPPLY

06:57 - TALE AND LIVE OFF THE LAND AND

06:59 - HOPE THAT HE'S GOT ENOUGH

07:00 - AMMUNITION. IT'S

07:03 - I THINK A HIGHLY UNLIKELY

07:05 - SCENARIO. HARRISBURG IS A MUCH

07:06 - MORE LIKELY TARGET BECAUSE

07:08 - THAT'S WITHIN HIS SUPPLY CHAIN.

07:10 - BUT IT TO THE MARCH ALL THE

07:12 - WAY TO PHILADELPHIA ATTEMPT TO

07:14 - ATTACK PHILADELPHIA IS. REALLY

07:17 - ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE. I THINK NOT

07:20 - LEAST BY THE ROUTE TO BE TAKEN.

07:21 - HAD HE COME UP A DIFFERENT

07:22 - ROUTE, PERHAPS FROM BALTIMORE.

07:24 - THAT'S A DIFFERENT STORY.

07:26 - BUT BY COMING UP VIA

07:27 - WILLIAMSPORT, MARYLAND, AND

07:29 - THEN COMING THROUGH THE

07:29 - CUMBERLAND VALLEY, HE'S CUTTING

07:31 - YOURSELF OFF FROM THE SUPPLY

07:33 - CHAIN. IF HE TRIES TO GO ALL

07:34 - THE WAY TO PHILADELPHIA, IT

07:35 - DOES. IT DOES SEEM

07:36 - EXTRAORDINARY. CERTAINLY IT

07:38 - WOULD HAVE BEEN AN ENORMOUS

07:39 - MOMENT IN AMERICAN HISTORY.

07:41 - JB, WHAT DO YOU THINK? I THINK

07:42 - IT'S A VERY IMPORTANT POINT

07:43 - THAT ERIC JUST TOUCHED THE FACT

07:46 - THAT HE MENTIONED THAT ELEMENTS

07:47 - OF THE CONFEDERATE ARMY

07:48 - CONFEDERATE AVERAGE

07:49 - SPECIFICALLY HAVE CROSS

07:51 - MASON-DIXON AS EARLY AS JUNE

07:52 - 22ND

07:54 - >>REGULAR GENERAL ALBERT

07:55 - JENKINS CONFEDERATE EVERY DAY

07:56 - FOR ONE AS WELL AS SOME OTHER

07:58 - ELEMENTS.

07:59 - >>ONE

07:59 - OF THEIR PRIMARY DUTIES BESIDES

08:02 - CLEARING THE WAY IN

08:03 - PENNSYLVANIA FOR ROBERT E LEE

08:05 - AND HIS CONFEDERATE ARMY IS

08:07 - ALSO FOR THEM TO BEGIN

08:08 - GATHERING SUPPLIES. AND THIS

08:10 - WE HAVE THIS FROM THEIR DIARIES

08:11 - AND OF COURSE, LETTERS FROM

08:13 - CITIZENS AND THEIR THAT THE

08:15 - CONFEDERATE CAVALRY HAS BEEN

08:17 - GATHERING. ALL THE HORSES, ALL

08:19 - THE FOOD, YOU KNOW, EVERYTHING

08:20 - THEY CAN.

08:22 - I TOO HELP FEED AND EQUIPMENT

08:25 - SUPPLY LEE'S ARMY. ONCE IT GETS

08:27 - INTO PENNSYLVANIA, THE FURTHER

08:28 - HE GETS FROM HIS BASE THE MORE

08:30 - THAN HE NEEDS TO DO THAT.

08:31 - AND I THINK BECAUSE OF THAT,

08:34 - IT CHANGES ARE OUR PERCEPTION

08:37 - OF WHAT THE CITIZENS HERE IN

08:38 - THIS AREA HAVE BEEN GOING

08:40 - THROUGH FOR THOSE WEEKS AND

08:41 - MONTHS PRIOR TO THE BATTLE

08:43 - HANOVER, THE BATTLE OF

08:44 - GETTYSBURG. WE GET THE IDEA

08:46 - SOMETIMES THAT ON JULY 1ST,

08:49 - THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG FALLS

08:50 - ON AND THEY'VE NEVER BEEN

08:53 - TOUCHED BY THE CIVIL WAR BEFORE

08:55 - JUNE. 30TH HERE, THE BATTLE

08:56 - OF HANOVER, THEY CERTAINLY HAVE

08:58 - ALREADY FOR FOR DAYS AND

09:00 - SEVERAL WEEKS BECAUSE OF THE

09:01 - THREAT OF AN INVASION AND NORTH

09:03 - BY THE CONFEDERATE ARMY

09:04 - CITIZENS HERE HAVE ALREADY BEEN

09:06 - SENDING THEIR HORSES AND

09:07 - LOADING WAGONS WITH ALL THEIR

09:09 - POSSESSIONS AND TRYING TO SEND

09:10 - THEM EAST TOWARDS PHILADELPHIA.

09:11 - THE SUSQUEHANNA IN ORDER TO

09:13 - PROTECT THEM. SO IN DIRECT

09:15 - CONTRAST TO THESE PEOPLE, YOU

09:17 - KNOW, NOT BEING TOUCHED BY THE

09:18 - CIVIL WAR. THEY'VE BEEN VERY

09:19 - TOUCHED BY VERY AFFECTED BY IT

09:21 - LONG BEFORE THESE BATTLES EVEN

09:23 - HAPPEN.

09:24 - >>OBVIOUSLY, LOGISTICS ARE

09:25 - IMPORTANT. LET'S TALK ABOUT

09:27 - INTELLIGENCE GATHERING. HOW DID

09:28 - THE ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA

09:30 - AND THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC

09:31 - KNOW WHERE THEIR OPPONENTS

09:33 - WERE, WHAT METHODS THAT THEY

09:34 - USE. THERE'S A VARIETY OF WAYS.

09:37 - FIRST PELOTON'S GATHERINGS, ONE

09:39 - OF THE PRIMARY ROLES CAVALRY

09:41 - IN ITS TRADITIONAL ROLES.

09:42 - AND AND IT'S THE CALORIES JOB

09:45 - TO GO OUT, FIND THE ENEMY AND

09:46 - FIND THE ENEMY'S DISPOSITIONS

09:48 - AND REPORT BACK. SO THAT'S ONE

09:49 - WAY. ALSO GETTING A LOT OF VERY

09:51 - USEFUL INFORMATION FROM THE

09:52 - CITIZENRY.

09:54 - THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC HAD AN

09:56 - EXTREMELY SUCCESSFUL

09:58 - ORGANIZATION CALLED THE BUREAU

10:00 - OF MILITARY INFORMATION WHICH

10:02 - IS. SHORT HAND FOR SPY NETWORK

10:06 - THAT WAS EXTRAORDINARILY

10:08 - SUCCESSFUL THE MEN OF THE BMI

10:11 - REALLY WORKED HARD AND REALLY

10:12 - DID A GOOD JOB OF GATHERING

10:13 - INTEL. SO WHEN YOU WHEN YOU

10:15 - COMBINE ALL OF THOSE THINGS

10:16 - BETWEEN THE INTELLIGENCE

10:17 - GATHERED BY THE CAVALRY.

10:19 - >>THE LOCALS IN REPORTS OF THE

10:21 - CITIZENRY IN THE WORK BEING

10:22 - DONE BY THE BMI.

10:24 - >>THE UNION HIGH COMMAND

10:25 - ACTUALLY HAD A PRETTY GOOD IDEA

10:27 - OF WHERE THE DISPOSITIONS OF

10:28 - THE CONFEDERATE ARMY WORK.

10:30 - BY CONTRAST, WE REALLY DIDN'T

10:31 - KNOW WHERE THE UNION ARMY WAS.

10:33 - AND THAT'S IN PART BECAUSE OF

10:35 - THE POOR DECISION WE MADE AND

10:37 - ALLOWING STEWART TO GO OFF ON

10:39 - THIS EXPEDITION THAT WE'RE HERE

10:41 - TO TALK ABOUT TODAY. YOU

10:43 - MENTIONED CAVALRY AND THE

10:44 - IMPORTANCE OF INTELLIGENCE

10:45 - WOMAN INTO BEING A CAVALRY

10:47 - OFFICER.

10:48 - >>IN THE 19TH CENTURY. COVER

10:50 - IS DEFINITELY THE INTELLIGENCE

10:52 - ARM OF EITHER ARM.

10:54 - >>THEY ARE THE EYES AND EARS OF

10:56 - THE ARMY. AND I THINK IT'S

10:57 - IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND COVER

10:59 - HIM AND IS REALLY TO ANSWER TO

11:01 - SOMEONE THE MAN IN THE HORSE,

11:03 - IF THE CAVERN AND DOES NOT HAVE

11:04 - A HORSE. WHAT IS THESE THE THE

11:08 - 4 STEPS TO AND MOBILITY?

11:11 - AND THOSE THAT ARE ABLE TO

11:13 - ACTUALLY INTERPRET INFORMATION

11:15 - HE GETS FROM THOSE SOURCES THAT

11:16 - ERIC MENTIONS, WHETHER ITS

11:18 - CITIZENS, YOU KNOW, CAPTIVES.

11:23 - CONFEDERATE KEPT US SAFE, FOR

11:24 - INSTANCE, ON THE UNION THEY'RE

11:26 - GOING TO TRY TO GET AS MUCH

11:27 - INFORMATION AS THEY CAN OUT

11:28 - OF THEM. IT'S IT'S A VERY

11:30 - IMPORTANT FOR THOSE CARRY

11:31 - OFFICERS TO BE GOOD AT WHAT

11:33 - THEY DO. AND PERCEPTIVE.

11:36 - ANALYZING THAT INFORMATION THEY

11:38 - RECEIVE AND SO MUCH OF YOU, THE

11:40 - GOOD ANALYSTS ATION OR OR THE

11:43 - BAD ANALYSIS, YOU KNOW, PLAYS

11:44 - INTO HOW SO MANY BATTLES AND

11:46 - SKIRMISHES END UP TAKING PLACE.

11:49 - >>ONE OF THE GREAT THINGS ABOUT

11:50 - THE BATTLE OF HANOVER ARE THE

11:51 - BIG PERSONALITIES. WE AFTER ONE

11:53 - OF THEM UNMISTAKABLY AS JEB

11:55 - STUART, WHO IS HE AND WHAT HAS

11:57 - HE BEEN DOING AS LEE'S ARMY

11:59 - INVADES PENNSYLVANIA? WELL, AS

12:01 - YOU SAY, QUITE CORRECTLY, BRADY

12:03 - STEWART IS ONE OF THE BIG

12:04 - PERSONALITIES OF THE WAR.

12:06 - JAMES EWELL BROWN STEWART.

12:09 - BORN IN SOUTHERN PORTION OF

12:10 - VIRGINIA NOT FAR FROM THE NORTH

12:12 - CAROLINA STATE LINE. WEST POINT

12:16 - TRAINED. CAVALRY OFFICER.

12:19 - KNOWN FOR BEING. A FUN-LOVING

12:23 - GUY. WE LIKE TO SING. WE LIKE

12:26 - TO TELL JOKES HE LIKED TO LAUGH

12:30 - A WHOLE LOT. SO HE KIND OF HAS

12:32 - THIS IMAGE BECAUSE OF THAT.

12:34 - AND HE'S THE THE THE HAT WITH

12:36 - THE OSTRICH PLUMES THAT HE WORE

12:38 - OF BEING SOME WHITE. FRIVOLOUS

12:41 - AND LIGHT HEARTED. BUT THE

12:42 - REALITY OF THE SITUATION IS

12:44 - THIS WAS ONE EXTRAORDINARILY

12:45 - CAPABLE, PROFESSIONAL,

12:47 - COMPETENT SOLDIER.

12:50 - DESCRIBED BY JOHN SEDWICK TO

12:52 - FORMER COMMANDER AND THE FIRST

12:54 - THE REGIMENT A CAVALRY BEFORE

12:56 - THE WAR. AND NOW THE COMMANDER

12:57 - OF THE 6 CORE, THE ARMY OF THE

12:59 - POTOMAC AS BEING THE FINEST

13:00 - CALVARY NEVER FOLD ON THE NORTH

13:02 - AMERICAN CONTINENT. STEWART WAS

13:05 - 33 YEARS-OLD. HE WAS AT THE

13:07 - HEIGHT OF HIS FAME. HE WAS AT

13:08 - THE HEIGHT OF HIS GLORY.

13:10 - AND HE WAS AS GOOD AS THEY

13:11 - CAME.

13:13 - IAN LEE READ A VERY CLOSE

13:14 - PERSONAL RELATIONSHIP. WE

13:16 - RELIED ON HIM PERSONALLY TO

13:18 - BE HIS EYES AND EARS. AND WHEN

13:22 - STEWART.

13:23 - WAS GONE LONGER THAN WE

13:24 - EXPECTED HIM TO BE. AND NO WORD

13:27 - FROM STEWART WAS WAS RISING

13:29 - ARRIVING AT ARMY HEADQUARTERS.

13:31 - WE BECAME EXTREMELY NERVOUS

13:32 - ABOUT IT BECAME VERY CONCERNED

13:34 - ABOUT IT. I DON'T KNOW THE WAS

13:36 - NECESSARILY CONCERNED SO MUCH

13:37 - ABOUT THE STATE OF HIS CAMRY

13:39 - FORCES. HE WAS RECOGNIZING HOW

13:41 - BLIND HE WAS WITHOUT THE MAN HE

13:43 - RELIED ON HIS EYES AND EARS.

13:45 - SO STEWART IS IS ONE OF THE

13:46 - TOWERING FIGURES OF THE

13:47 - AMERICAN CIVIL WAR. HE'S A A

13:50 - GUY THAT'S ALMOST IRREPLACEABLE

13:52 - FOR THE CONFEDERACY. CERTAINLY

13:53 - WOULD HAVE BEEN IN 18. 63.

13:56 - CAVALRY MEN ENJOYED A LEVEL

13:58 - OF CELEBRITY. THAT BY TODAY'S

13:59 - STANDARDS, FOLKS IN THE

14:00 - MILITARY JUST DON'T HAVE.

14:02 - >>ALMOST ALMOST HOLLYWOOD'S

14:04 - CELEBRITY LEVEL. I TO FIGHTER

14:07 - PILOTS WE TALK ABOUT THAT.

14:09 - HOW PEOPLE VIEW IN ESPECIALLY

14:11 - STEWART.

14:12 - WELL, LIKE I SAY, STEWART WAS

14:14 - KNOWN AS AS BEING A GUY WHO.

14:17 - WHAT WAS LARGER THAN LIFE

14:19 - BECAUSE HE HAD THIS BIG,

14:19 - OUTGOING PERSONALITY AND HE

14:22 - LIKED TO SAYING HIS THEME SONG.

14:24 - IF YOU WANT TO HAVE SOME FUN

14:25 - JOINING THE CAVALRY.

14:28 - WE LIKE TO LAUGH. YOU LIKE TO

14:29 - HAVE A GOOD TIME. HE WAS A A

14:31 - WEED FROM THE FRONT SORT OF GUY

14:33 - WHO ALWAYS LED HIS MEN. WITH

14:36 - A SMILE ON HIS FACE. SO HE.

14:40 - WAS SORT OF THE THE ANTITHESIS

14:43 - OF STONEWALL JACKSON WITH WHOM

14:45 - HE HAD A CLOSE RELATIONSHIP.

14:47 - JACKSON WAS QUIET, DOUR AND

14:50 - SHY. AND STEWART WAS BEGIN

14:52 - OUTGOING. IT WAS REALLY AN

14:54 - INTERESTING.

14:56 - OPPOSITES. ATTRACT TYPE OF THE

14:58 - SITUATION. LET'S GO TO THE

15:00 - OTHER SIDE. THE UNION SIDE,

15:01 - JUDSON KILPATRICK IS NAMES ON

15:03 - THE MONUMENT. JAY DETAILS ABOUT

15:05 - WE LOVE THE STUDY. JOHNSON

15:07 - KILPATRICK AND PROBABLY FOR FOR

15:09 - VARIOUS REASONS. HE'S HE'S VERY

15:11 - ATTRACTIVE TO MANY STUDENTS

15:13 - OF THE CIVIL WAR.

15:14 - >>IN MANY WAYS, VERY MUCH THE

15:16 - OPPOSITE. YOU KNOW, THE JEB

15:18 - JUSTIN KILPATRICK IS MOURNING

15:19 - DECKER TOWN, NEW JERSEY.

15:21 - HE'S A GRADUATE OF THE MAY 8,

15:23 - 2, 61 WEST POINT CLASS WEST

15:26 - POINT AT THE START OF THE WAR

15:27 - WAS GRADUATING. THOSE, YOU

15:29 - KNOW, YOUNG OFFICERS OR TO GET

15:30 - THEM OUT OF THE FIELD EARLY

15:33 - ONE OF BRIGADE COMMANDERS.

15:35 - THAT, OF COURSE, WILL BE

15:36 - TALKING ABOUT A LITTLE GEORGE

15:37 - ARMSTRONG, CUSTER GRADUATED AND

15:40 - IN THE JUNE 18 61 CLASS.

15:42 - SO YOU'RE RIGHT, RICK, RIGHT

15:44 - NOW YOUR SO KILPATRICK IS

15:46 - YOUNG. AT THE START OF THE

15:48 - CIVIL WAR. HE OUR FRESH OFFICER

15:51 - OUT OF WEST POINT HE SPENDS

15:53 - TIME IN BOTH THE CARRY IN THE

15:55 - INFANTRY EARLY IN HIS CAREER

15:56 - AND PROBABLY A GOOD

15:57 - FORESHADOWING OF HIS CAREER

15:59 - IS HE IS ARRESTED EARLY IN HIS

16:02 - CAREER FOR SOME SHAME

16:04 - SHENANIGANS INVOLVING THE SALE

16:06 - OF HORSES AND SPEND SOME TIME

16:08 - IN THE OLD CAPITOL PRESENT BUT

16:10 - DESPITE THAT, HE GETS BACK OUT

16:12 - IN THE FIELD. WE IN EARLY 18,

16:17 - EVENTUALLY A COMMANDO REGIMENT

16:20 - BRANDY STATION

16:21 - AND IMPRESSES ALFORD.

16:23 - PLEASANTON FEDERAL CARRY

16:26 - COMMANDER SO MUCH THAT SHOW

16:28 - PATRICK, AS ONE OF SORT OF

16:30 - THOSE EARLY BOY GENERALS WHO IS

16:32 - PROMOTED TO BRIGADIER GENERAL

16:33 - SKIP SEVERAL DAYS IN MID-JUNE.

16:36 - HE'S PROMOTED TO BRIGADIER

16:37 - GENERAL TAKES COMMAND OF THE

16:39 - 3RD DIVISION SHORTLY AFTER

16:41 - THAT.

16:42 - SO HE IS ONE OF THE 3 DIVISION

16:44 - COMMANDERS ALONG WITH JOHN

16:45 - BUFORD AND DAVID, GREAT IN THE

16:48 - ARMY. THE POTOMAC DISCOVERY.

16:51 - HE IS IN COMMAND HERE AT

16:52 - HANOVER HE IS KNOWN AND PROVED

16:55 - HIMSELF AS A VERY IMPETUOUS

16:57 - COMMANDER IN MANY WAYS,

16:59 - PROBABLY A PRETTY GOOD FIT.

17:00 - YOU KNOW WHAT CUSTER?

17:02 - EVEN THOUGH HE IS MARRIED EARLY

17:04 - IN THE WAR, HE'S KNOWN AS A

17:06 - HOPELESS WOMANIZER OR ONE OF

17:07 - THE MOST FAMOUS PHOTOGRAPHS

17:09 - OF KILPATRICK SHOWS HIM AND HIS

17:11 - STAFF AND KIM, I THINK IT'S

17:13 - FROM 18, 64. AND IT ACTUALLY

17:15 - SHOWS ONE OF HIS MISTRESSES.

17:18 - HE HAD SEVERAL TRAVEL ALONG

17:19 - WITH HIM. IN A CARRY UNIFORM

17:22 - WITH THEIR HAIR TUCKED UP UNDER

17:25 - SO HE WAS IN SHOCK, EVEN ABOUT,

17:26 - YOU KNOW, IS AND THEN ERIC ROWE

17:29 - TO BROOK, WHICH HIGHLIGHTS CUP

17:31 - ACTRESS CAREER TOWARDS THE END

17:32 - OF THE WAR, WHICH DEALS WITH

17:34 - HAS WOMANIZING AND SO FORTH.

17:36 - BUT

17:37 - NOT TO BE OVERSHADOWED. I SAY,

17:39 - BY THE WAY, SOME COMMANDERS

17:40 - ACTUALLY DID FEEL ABOUT WILLIAM

17:43 - TECUMSEH. SHERMAN IN FACT, I

17:45 - THINK IT'S IMPORTANT TO LOOK AT

17:48 - THE WAY HE PATRICK AND HE SAYS

17:50 - KILPATRICK IS A HELL OF A DAM

17:52 - FOR, BUT JUST THE SORT OF THEM

17:54 - FOR THAT. I WANT COMMANDING

17:55 - MIKE AVERAGE. SO WHEN HE GOES

17:57 - WHERE SHERMAN'S ARMY HE'S STILL

17:59 - BACK IN HIS OLD WAYS. BUT HE IS

18:01 - EFFECTIVE AS A COMMANDER EARLY

18:03 - IN THE GETTYSBURG CAMPAIGN.

18:04 - HERE IS THE NICKNAME KILL

18:06 - CAVALRY, SORT OF A PLAY ON HIS

18:08 - LAST NAME. WHICH POINTS TO THE

18:11 - FACT THAT HE IS KNOWN FOR USING

18:13 - UP MEN AND HORSES, ALMOST

18:14 - IMPETUOUS LATE. HE IS NOT

18:17 - AFRAID TO ATTACK WHAT ONE OF

18:19 - HIS SHORTCOMINGS IS. HE VERY

18:21 - RARELY COORDINATES WITH THE

18:22 - OTHER COMMANDERS ON THE FIELD.

18:24 - AND THAT WILL SHOW SOMEWHAT

18:26 - HERE, YOU KNOW, I CAN OVER,

18:27 - BUT IT'S ALSO GOING TO SHOW

18:28 - VERY MUCH DURING THE REST OF

18:30 - THE CAMPAIGN. AND DURING THE

18:31 - BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG AS WELL,

18:33 - HE SEES HIMSELF AFTER THE WAR

18:35 - IS EVENTUALLY THE GOVERNOR OF

18:36 - NEW JERSEY. THEN EVENTUALLY

18:37 - THE PRESIDENT, HE'S FULLY

18:39 - CONVINCED HE'S GOING TO GET

18:40 - THERE ONE DAY, BUT HE IS

18:42 - APPOINTED A MINISTER TO CHILE.

18:46 - ONE OF THE THINGS HE IS

18:47 - REMEMBERED THOUGH FOR AND I

18:48 - FIND IT VERY INTERESTING IS HE

18:50 - WAS ONE OF THE FIRST ORGANIZERS

18:52 - ARE CIVIL WAR REENACTMENTS AND

18:54 - ON HIS FARM IN NEW JERSEY.

18:55 - IT THAT WAS ONE OF THE THINGS

18:57 - THAT HE DID IN THE DECADES

18:58 - AFTER THE WORSE, HE WOULD

18:59 - INVITE BOTH FEDERAL AND

19:00 - CONFEDERATES TO COME AND

19:02 - REENACT BATTLES ON HIS

19:03 - PROPERTY. SO I FIND IT VERY

19:05 - INTERESTING. THE WAR NEVER LEFT

19:07 - HIM TO BE SURE WAS A WONDERFUL

19:09 - QUOTE BY CAPTAIN CHARLES

19:10 - FRANCIS. ADAMS OF THE FIRST

19:12 - MASSACHUSETTS CAVALRY. WHO WAS

19:13 - THE

19:14 - >>GRANDSON OF JOHN QUINCY ADAMS

19:16 - AND THE GREAT GRANDSON OF JOHN

19:17 - ADAMS HAD THE ADAMS FAMILY GIFT

19:20 - FOR FOR AN ACID TONGUE AND HE

19:22 - SAID ABOUT KILPATRICK. YOU

19:23 - CALLED HIM A BRAVE IN JUDICIOUS

19:25 - BOY MUCH BLOWN TO HALF A FOOT.

19:29 - CAVALRY REALLY DOES TAKE CENTER

19:30 - STAGE HERE AT THIS BATTLE.

19:32 - YOU MENTIONED CUSTER WHO WERE

19:33 - SOME OF THE OTHER YOUNG

19:35 - OFFICERS INVOLVED.

19:37 - WITH PATRICK, FOR LONG FARMS.

19:40 - >>WAS ONE OF THOSE 4 GENERALS

19:42 - WHO WAS PROMOTED ALONG WITH OUR

19:43 - CUSTER AND ALSO WESLEY MERRITT

19:46 - WAS GOING TO BE IN COMMAND OF

19:47 - THE RESERVED FOR DATE NIGHT

19:48 - HERE AT HANOVER. BUT BUT IN

19:49 - GETTYSBURG.

19:51 - THOSE BOY GENERALS ARE GOING

19:54 - TO PROVE VERY POLL HERE DURING

19:56 - THE GETTYSBURG CAMPAIGN IN

19:58 - FARNSWORTH CASE, THOUGH,

20:00 - BECAUSE OF THAT DECISION, THE

20:01 - KILPATRICK MAKES A LAUNCH A.

20:04 - PROBABLY ILL-ADVISED MOUNTED.

20:07 - WE HAVE EVERY ATTACK ON JULY

20:09 - 3RD, JUST FOLLOWING PICKETT'S

20:10 - CHARGE FARNSWORTH U.S. KILLED.

20:13 - SO HERE AT HANOVER, ELON

20:14 - FARNSWORTH, UNFORTUNATELY, JUST

20:16 - HAS 3 DAYS TO LIVE BUT VERY

20:19 - GOOD. YOU KNOW, BRIGADE

20:20 - COMMANDERS IN BOTH FARNSWORTH

20:21 - IN CUSTER BECAUSE OF THE FACT

20:23 - THIS IS A 2 PHASE BATTLE

20:24 - FARNSWORTH IS REALLY GOING TO

20:25 - TOUR THE FIRST PHASE OF A

20:26 - BATTLE OF HANOVER AND CUSTER IS

20:28 - GOING FOR THE SECOND PHASE

20:30 - THEY'RE GOOD AT THE REGIMENTAL

20:33 - THAT THE LEVEL AS WELL. ONE

20:35 - THAT I CAN MENTION THE VERY

20:36 - INEXPERIENCED 18 PENNSYLVANIA

20:38 - CARRY, WHICH IS IN FARMER'S

20:41 - WORST BRIGADE. AND THEY'RE

20:42 - ACTUALLY GOING TO OPEN THE

20:42 - BATTLE WITH THE CONFEDERATE.

20:44 - YOU'RE ON THE MORNING OF JUNE.

20:44 - 30TH IS BY LIEUTENANT COLONEL

20:48 - WILLIAM PENN BRENT.

20:50 - AND IF YOU NOTICE HIS MIDDLE

20:51 - NAME BECOMES FOR QUITE A

20:52 - PENNSYLVANIA FAMILY PET.

20:55 - VERY GOOD ON THE CONFEDERATE

20:58 - SIDE. IT WON'T TALK

20:59 - ABOUT THOSE

21:00 - >>THERE ARE EQUALLY EQUALLY

21:02 - IMPORTANT, YOU KNOW,

21:03 - COMMANDERS, ONE OF WHICH IS

21:04 - GOING

21:07 - >>FACE QUITE A TWIST HERE IN

21:08 - HANOVER AND A RATHER

21:09 - EMBARRASSING WAY. HAHA THAT

21:11 - HE'S GOING UP GOING DOWN.

21:13 - WE'VE GOT IN ON THE CONFEDERATE

21:15 - SIDE. YOU HAVE BRIGADES

21:16 - COMMANDED BY FITZHUGH LEE, WHO

21:18 - IS THE

21:18 - >>FAVORITE NEPHEW OF ROBERT E

21:20 - LEE AND STEWART'S.

21:23 - SO MAY I GUESS IS THE BEST WAY

21:24 - TO DESCRIBE THEM SINCE LEE WAS

21:26 - CALLED THE LAUGHING CAVALIER.

21:27 - I'VE ALWAYS SAID ABOUT HIM,

21:28 - THOUGH, THAT HE'S THE GREATEST

21:30 - EXAMPLE OF THE PROOF OF.

21:33 - NEPOTISM IN IT THAT YOU COULD

21:34 - ASK FOR THAT. HAD HE NOT BEEN

21:36 - THE FAVORITE NEPHEW OF THE

21:37 - COMMANDING GENERAL OF THE ARMY

21:38 - OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA. YOU MIGHT

21:39 - HAVE MADE A PRETTY GOOD

21:40 - REGIMENTAL SERGEANT MAJOR

21:43 - SO YOU'VE GOT SITS. LEE AND

21:44 - HIS VETERAN FOR GAY TO

21:45 - VIRGINIANS. YOU HAVE WADE

21:46 - HAMPTON, THE 3RD REPUTEDLY, THE

21:49 - THE MOST THE WEALTHIEST MAN IN

21:50 - THE SOUTH OF SOUTH CAROLINA,

21:52 - WHO WILL ULTIMATELY SUCCEED HIM

21:54 - AS STEWART IN COMMAND OF THE

21:55 - CAVALRY CORPS, THE ARMY OF

21:56 - NORTHERN VIRGINIA WHEN

21:57 - STEWART'S KILLED IN 18, 64.

22:00 - HAMPTON, EVEN THOUGH HE HAD NO

22:01 - FORMAL MILITARY TRAINING WAS

22:03 - EXTRAORDINARY CAPABLE OFFICER.

22:05 - AND THE 3RD BRIGADE IS

22:07 - COMMANDED BY A FELLOW NAMED

22:08 - JOHN RANDOLPH CHAMBLISS JUNIOR

22:10 - CHAMBLISS IS

22:12 - THE SENIOR COLONEL OF A BRIGADE

22:13 - THAT'S NORMALLY COMMANDED BY

22:15 - GENERAL WILLIAM HENRY FITZHUGH

22:17 - LEE, THE SECOND SON OF GENERAL

22:18 - ROBERT E LEE. BUT REALLY AS HE

22:21 - WAS KNOWN TO HIS FRIENDS, WAS

22:23 - THIS PRETTY SEVERELY WOUNDED IN

22:25 - THE CLOSING ENGAGEMENTS, A

22:26 - BRANDY STATION ON JUNE 9 AND

22:28 - ULTIMATELY ENDED UP BEING

22:29 - CAPTURED. SO HIS BRIGADE IS NOW

22:30 - COMMITTED BY HIS SENIOR COLONEL

22:32 - CHAMBLISS IS A WEST POINT

22:34 - CLASSMATE OF AND BEST FRIEND OF

22:36 - DAVID GREG COMMANDS. THE SECOND

22:38 - DIVISION IS THE ARMY, THE

22:40 - POTOMAC CAVALRY CORPS GENERAL

22:42 - SAYS A VERY CAPABLE OFFICER IN

22:43 - HIS OWN RIGHT GOING UP BEING

22:45 - PROMOTED TO BRIGADIER GENERAL

22:46 - DURING THE WINTER. A 63 64 AS

22:48 - KILLED IN ACTION. AND 64 SO

22:50 - HERE HE IS A CAPABLE OFFICER

22:52 - COMMANDING A CAPABLE BRIGADE

22:54 - MADE UP MOSTLY OF VIRGINIANS.

22:56 - BUT WITH ONE REGIMENT OF NORTH

22:57 - CAROLINIANS. IN THE LEAD-UP TO

23:00 - THIS BATTLE MOVING INTO

23:01 - PENNSYLVANIA. JEB STUART FIND

23:03 - HIMSELF IN SOME PRETTY

23:04 - UNCOMFORTABLE SITUATIONS, KIND

23:06 - OF PROBLEMS THAT WE FACE COMING

23:08 - TOWARD HIS HIS RIDE. YEAH,

23:09 - UNFORTUNATELY GETS OFF THE

23:10 - TRACKS AND ON THEIR WAY FROM

23:12 - THE VERY

23:14 - >>RATHER WELL CONFEDERATE CARRY

23:16 - MOSEBY WAS VERY INSTRUMENTAL

23:18 - IN LAYING OUT A TRACK FOR

23:21 - STEWART. ANOTHER FOLLOW NORTH

23:22 - INTO PENNSYLVANIA. BUT STEWART

23:25 - IS GIVEN.

23:27 - MONUMENTAL TASK. WHEN YOU THINK

23:29 - ABOUT IT WHEN HE IS ORDERED

23:32 - TO PROCEED ON HIS OWN THROUGH

23:34 - VIRGINIA, MARYLAND

23:35 - AND PENNSYLVANIA. SEVERAL TASKS

23:39 - FELL UPON HIS ONE OF WHICH WAS

23:42 - TO TRY TO KEEP CONTACT, YOU

23:44 - KNOW, AND PROTECT THE RIGHT OF

23:46 - THE CONFEDERATE ARMY AS IT IS

23:47 - FOR SAYING YOU'LL SCORE IN

23:49 - FACT, IS IT'S PROCEEDING IN THE

23:51 - PENNSYLVANIA TO GATHER ALL OF

23:53 - THE SUPPLIES THAT HE CAN CLOSE

23:54 - IN MARYLAND, PENNSYLVANIA AND

23:57 - ALSO TO ALL THE DAMAGE THAT

23:58 - WE CAN, YOU KNOW, TO THE ENEMY

24:00 - AND 2 AND A SUPPORTS AND SO

24:02 - FORTH THAT THEY MAY HAVE IN

24:04 - PENNSYLVANIA. ANY OF THOSE TASK

24:07 - IN AND OF THEMSELVES BY

24:08 - THEMSELVES. YOU KNOW WHAT THE

24:10 - QUITE A TASK, STUART. INSTEAD,

24:12 - HE'S GIVEN ALL 3 AND IT'S NOT

24:14 - MADE ANY EASIER BY THE FACT

24:16 - THAT YOU'LL AS HE IS PROCEEDING

24:18 - NORTH.

24:19 - ACTUALLY IN VIOLATION OF THOSE

24:21 - ORDERS, DOES NOT PROCEED EAST

24:23 - OF SOUTH MOUNTAIN. HE GOES

24:24 - WEST.

24:26 - >>SO HE'S EVEN FURTHER FROM

24:27 - STEWART AND DOES NOT MAINTAIN

24:29 - ANY CONTACT WITH HIM AT ALL.

24:30 - IN FACT, ON JUNE,

24:34 - GENERAL, YOU'LL PROBABLY HEARS

24:36 - THE NOISE OF THE CARE AND SO

24:37 - FORTH HAPPENING HERE AT HANOVER

24:39 - WAUKEE'S NORTH. AND YOU'LL

24:42 - NEVER SENT ANYBODY TO THE SOUTH

24:43 - HERE TO FIND OUT WHAT'S

24:44 - HAPPENED. SO STEWART'S TASK

24:47 - IS DEFINITELY NOT MADE ANY USE

24:49 - YOUR BY ANY OF THAT. COUPLED

24:51 - WITH

24:51 - THE FACT THAT HIS HIS MARCH IS

24:54 - MADE MORE DIFFICULT BY ELEMENTS

24:56 - OF THE FEDERAL ARMY THAT HE

24:57 - ENDS UP RUNNING AGAINST.

24:58 - WE CAPTURE SOME WAGONS IN

25:00 - ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND, OUTSIDE

25:01 - THE SAME.

25:04 - A LOT OF CONTROVERSY WEATHER

25:05 - THAT SLOWED HIM DOWN OR SPEND

25:06 - HIM UP. WE ARGUE IN OUR IN OUR

25:08 - BOOK, PLENTY OF BLAME TO GO

25:10 - AROUND THAT, IN FACT, CAPTION

25:11 - THOSE WAGONS ACTUALLY AIDED

25:14 - HIS MARCH NORTH BECAUSE OF THE

25:16 - FACT THAT THERE WAS A LOT OF

25:17 - GOOD FODDER FOR THE HORSES.

25:19 - YOU CAN JUST RAISE YOUR HORSES

25:20 - ON NOTHING BUT GRASS FOR FOR

25:22 - DAYS AT A TIME.

25:23 - >>SO HE'S GOT THOSE WAGONS IN

25:24 - TOW. HE RUNS FEDERALES IN BOTH

25:29 - WESTMINSTER

25:33 - FAIRFAX. STATES ARE FACTS.

25:34 - YES, THANK YOU. IN VIRGINIA.

25:36 - SO EACH OF THESE IS GOING TO

25:38 - SLOW HIM DOWN BY THE TIME IT

25:40 - GETS TO HAND OVER HERE, THE

25:41 - BATTLE OF HANOVER ON JUNE, THE

25:42 - 30TH BECOMES AN ENORMOUS

25:45 - CHAPTER IN THIS SAGA OF HIS

25:47 - RIDE NORTH WHEN IT'S GOING TO

25:48 - SLOW HIM DOWN.

25:49 - >>FOR AN ENTIRE DAY, THE

25:51 - FEDERALS ARE GOING TO GET IN

25:52 - HIS WAY TO ALL THE WAY INTO

25:53 - PENNSYLVANIA.

25:55 - >>WHY HANOVER, OR DECIDE A NEW

25:59 - BATTLE WITH THE FEDERALES.

26:00 - HEAR WHAT HE DID DECIDE TO DO

26:01 - BATTLE WITH ANYBODY. IT'S THIS

26:03 - IS A CLASSIC EXAMPLE OF WITH

26:05 - MILITARY PERSONNEL LIKE TO CALL

26:07 - A MEETING ENGAGEMENT, WHICH IS

26:09 - AN ACCIDENTAL ENCOUNTER BETWEEN

26:11 - 2 FORCES. DID IT DEVELOPS INTO

26:14 - A GENERAL ENGAGEMENT AND THAT'S

26:15 - EXACTLY WHAT HAPPENED.

26:17 - STEWART'S ON HIS WAY FROM

26:19 - WESTMINSTER MARYLAND TO YORK,

26:20 - WHICH IS WHERE HE BELIEVES HE'S

26:21 - GOING TO FIND. YOU WERE ALWAYS

26:22 - DIVISION. HANOVER IS THE ROUTE

26:24 - TO DO THAT. THE DIRECT ROAD

26:27 - FROM WESTMINSTER TO HANOVER

26:28 - HANOVER DIRECTLY TO YORK.

26:31 - USING THE SAME ROAD NETWORK

26:33 - COMING FROM LITTLESTOWN,

26:34 - PENNSYLVANIA AND HEADED IN THE

26:36 - GENERAL DIRECTION OF YORK.

26:38 - HE'S COME PATRICK'S DIVISION.

26:41 - THE ROAD FROM WESTMINSTER RUNS

26:42 - RIGHT INTO THE ROAD FROM A

26:43 - LITTLE TOWN JUST EAST OF

26:45 - DOWNTOWN HANOVER TO PLACE AT

26:47 - THE TIME WAS CALLED. BUT TOWN.

26:49 - AND THAT'S WHERE THE BATTLE

26:50 - BEGINS. WHEN THE TAIL AND OF

26:53 - FARMS WHERE IT'S COLUMN, WHICH

26:54 - IS AT THE REAR OF KILPATRICK,

26:56 - STU VISION.

26:59 - IS CROSSING THROUGH THE

27:00 - INTERSECTION IS THE HEAD OF OF

27:02 - STEWART'S COLUMN ARRIVES THERE?

27:04 - AND THAT'S WHAT CAUSES THE

27:05 - FIGHT TO BEGIN. SO THE FEDERALS

27:07 - AND OF TURNING AROUND A

27:08 - COMEBACK.

27:10 - FROM BSA COME PATRICK HIMSELF

27:12 - WITH SEVERAL MILES BEYOND THE

27:14 - TOWN. IT HAD TO TURN AROUND

27:15 - GALLUP BACK IN ONCE HE HEARS

27:18 - THE COMMOTION IN HIS REAR AND

27:21 - KILPATRICK FORCES WERE WERE

27:22 - VERY SPREAD OUT HERE. EVEN EVEN

27:24 - MORE SPREAD OUT.

27:25 - >>THEN WE SUSPECTED, YOU KNOW,

27:27 - SEVERAL YEARS AGO WHEN WE WERE

27:28 - DOING RESEARCH FOR FOR OUR

27:29 - BUCK, PLENTY OF BLAME.

27:31 - WITH HIS MICHIGAN REGIMENTS

27:33 - HAVE ALREADY PASSED THROUGH THE

27:34 - TOWN OF HANOVER ABOUT 2 HOURS

27:35 - BEFORE THAT BEFORE DAYLIGHT

27:38 - WENT THROUGH THE PIGEON HILLS

27:39 - AND WAS HEADING TOWARDS ABBOTT

27:40 - ON ATTACK TO THE HEAD OF HIS

27:41 - COLUMN HAD JUST ABOUT REACHED

27:43 - AT THIS TIME. SO HE WAS SEVERAL

27:45 - MILES TO THE NORTH. REGIMENTS

27:49 - UNDER FARNSWORTH WERE PRETTY

27:50 - WELL SPREAD. SPREAD OUT FROM

27:52 - POTS TOWN ALSO HAS MY TOWN HAS

27:54 - HAS A LOT OF LITTLE NAMES.

27:56 - THIS LITTLE SETTLEMENT, WHICH

27:58 - ASAFA HANOVER, ABOUT 3 MILES

28:00 - ALL THE WAY THROUGH THE TOWN

28:01 - SQUARE HANOVER. AND THEN A

28:03 - COUPLE RESTAURANTS WERE

28:04 - ACTUALLY WORKING THEIR WAY

28:05 - NORTH LOT OF SELF-HELP

28:06 - PATRICK'S FORCES. WE'RE SPREAD

28:08 - OUT OVER SOMETHING LIKE 5 OR

28:09 - 6 MILES. BY THE TIME THIS

28:11 - BATTLE HAPPENS, HE'S GOT TO

28:12 - BRING THOSE FORCES TOGETHER

28:14 - IN ORDER TO FACE WHAT HE SOON

28:15 - FINDS OUT IS AROUND A LARGE

28:17 - THREAT.

28:17 - >>WHEN IT APPEARS THAT THE

28:18 - BATTLE IS, IN FACT, GOING TO

28:20 - HAPPEN HERE AT HANOVER, WHAT

28:21 - STEPS TO BOTH GENERALS TAKE TO

28:23 - MAKE SURE THEY PUT THEIR BEST

28:24 - FOOT FORWARD

28:25 - >>WELL, ON PATRICK'S ASIDE,

28:28 - HE FIRST HAS TO ASSESS EXACTLY

28:30 - WHAT THREAT WE FACE IS AND THE

28:32 - FACT THAT HE'S ALREADY NORTH

28:33 - OF TOWN AND HE HAD ACTUALLY

28:35 - ALREADY CROSSED THE PITCHING

28:36 - HILLS NORTH OF TOWN WHEN HE

28:39 - HEARS THE SHOOTING. AND AS ERIK

28:40 - MENTIONED, THE VERY REAR OF

28:44 - HIS CALL AT THE VERY FRONT OF

28:47 - STEWART'S COLUMN APPROXIMATELY

28:49 - 08:30AM, IN THE MORNING ON JUNE

28:50 - 30TH. AND THAT'S WHAT STARTS

28:51 - THE BATTLE. WHAT TURNS

28:53 - KILPATRICK AROUND IS THE FACT

28:55 - THAT BY THIS TIME SHORTLY AFTER

28:57 - THE OPENING, IT STARTED GENERAL

28:59 - JEB STUART WAS ABLE TO GET SOME

29:01 - OF HIS ARTILLERY ON A COUPLE

29:03 - OF PROMINENT HILLS JUST SOUTH

29:04 - OF THE TOWN OVERLOOKING THE

29:05 - TOWN. SO IT'S CA PATRICK IS

29:07 - RIDING ALONG. HE SUDDENLY HEARS

29:09 - THIS JUST SOUTH OF THE TIME.

29:12 - IF YOU CAN IMAGINE THOUSANDS OF

29:14 - FEDERAL CARRY REALLY IN THE

29:16 - STREETS RIGHT NEXT TO US HERE.

29:18 - ALL THOSE THOUSANDS OF HEADS

29:20 - ALTERNATIVE ONCE FACING BACK

29:22 - WHERE THAT ARTILLERY BOAT HAD

29:23 - JUST COME FROM, OF COURSE, COME

29:24 - PATRICK CAUGHT AND HE'S HERE.

29:26 - HE TURNS AROUND. HE IMMEDIATELY

29:28 - STARTS SENDING RUNNERS AND

29:29 - COURIERS TO FIND OUT WHAT'S

29:30 - GOING ON. TURNS HIS HORSE

29:32 - AROUND SPURS OFF SO FAST THAT

29:35 - HIS HEADQUARTERS GUARD COUPLE

29:37 - OF COMPANIES, THE FIRST OHIO

29:38 - CAVALRY. I'M ACTUALLY INJURE

29:40 - SOME OF THE HORSES JUST TRYING

29:41 - TO KEEP UP WITH PATRICK.

29:42 - THIS IS GETTING A TIME AS SOON

29:44 - AS HE GETS INTO TOWN, HE'S GOT

29:46 - TO GET HIS MEN TOGETHER.

29:47 - HE'S GOT TO ASSESS WHAT'S GOING

29:48 - ON, GET AS MUCH INFORMATION

29:50 - AND INTELLIGENCE AS POSSIBLE

29:51 - AND SET UP A HEADQUARTERS,

29:53 - WHICH IS WHAT HE DOES OBVIOUSLY

29:55 - ON THE CONFEDERATE SIDE BECAUSE

29:57 - NOW JEB STUART'S PLAN ROUTE

30:00 - THROUGH HANOVER THROUGH THE

30:02 - PIGEON HILLS AND THEN NORTH TO

30:03 - TRY TO FIND YOUR HAS BEEN

30:05 - COMPLETELY DISRUPTED. HE HAS

30:07 - TO ASSESS WHETHER HE WANTS TO

30:09 - ENGAGE HERE. YOU KNOW, IF IT'S

30:11 - SOMETHING THAT HE'S EITHER

30:13 - GOING TO BE ABLE TO MEET THIS

30:14 - THREAT. PUSH IT ASIDE. HOW MANY

30:16 - FORCES ARE IN FRONT OF ME AND

30:17 - THESE ARE DECISIONS HE HAD HE'S

30:18 - HAD TO MAKE FOR THE PAST FEW

30:19 - DAYS IS HIS ROUTE BLOCKED OR IS

30:22 - HE GOING TO HAVE TO FIND AN

30:23 - ALTERNATIVE? SO THERE ARE VERY

30:25 - IMPORTANT SNAP DECISIONS.

30:26 - ALL OF THEM BASED ON AS MUCH

30:29 - AND AS QUICK INTELLIGENCE IS,

30:32 - THEY CAN GET TO ASSESS WHAT

30:33 - THEY'RE GOING TO DO. IT.

30:34 - THE BEARS NOTING THAT WIND

30:36 - CHILL PATRICK FINALLY ARRIVED

30:37 - IN THE TOWN SQUARE. FROM RIDING

30:39 - HIS HORSE SO HARD. THE HORSE

30:41 - DROP DEBT. IT'S PRETTY WELL

30:43 - DOCUMENTED. THIS BATTLE BE

30:46 - PRETTY EXTRAORDINARY. YOU HAVE

30:48 - HUNDREDS OF HORSEMEN IN AN

30:50 - URBAN SETTING.

30:52 - LARGELY UNSEEN IN THE IN THE

30:55 - GREATER CONTEXT, THE CIVIL WAR.

30:56 - TAKE US THROUGH THE BATTLE OF

30:57 - HANOVER. ROLAND, LET ME ADDRESS

30:59 - THAT POINT. BRADY AND IN ALL MY

31:01 - YEARS OF STUDYING CAVALRY

31:02 - OPERATIONS.

31:03 - >>IT'S ONE OF ONLY 2 EPISODES

31:05 - THAT I'VE BEEN ABLE TO IDENTIFY

31:07 - OF MOUNTED STREET FIGHTING IN

31:09 - THE TOWN DURING THE WAR.

31:10 - AND INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH, THEY

31:12 - BRACKET BOTH SIDES OF THE

31:13 - BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG AT HAND

31:14 - OVER YEAR ON JUNE. 30TH IN

31:16 - HAGERSTOWN, MARYLAND, ON JULY

31:18 - 6, BOTH INVOLVING KILL

31:20 - PATRICK'S DIVISION.

31:22 - BUT WHEN THE BATTLE BREAKS OUT.

31:26 - IT MOVES FROM THE BUCKS.

31:28 - COUNTY INTERSECTION IN THIS

31:30 - DIRECTION.

31:32 - ONE OF THE OFFICERS THAT JD

31:34 - MENTIONED EARLIER THAT FOLLOWED

31:35 - BY THE NAME OF LIEUTENANT

31:36 - COLONEL WILLIAM H PAIN. PAIN

31:38 - IS AS TRYING TO ESCAPE FROM

31:41 - SOME TROOPERS IN THE 5TH NEW

31:42 - YORK CAVALRY WHO ARE CHASING

31:44 - HIM AND HIS HORSES SHOT AND IT

31:46 - THROWS HIM. AND THE HORSE

31:48 - HAPPEN TO BE RIGHT NEXT TO A

31:50 - TANNERY. AND HE HAD THE HORSE

31:52 - ENDS UP THROWING PAIN INTO THIS

31:54 - VAT OF TERRY GOU.

31:58 - ANIMAL HIDE ITS BEEN SOAKING

32:00 - IN ACID AND HE ENDS UP IN THIS

32:02 - FOUL SMELLING DISGUSTING MASK.

32:06 - AND ENDS UP BEING CAPTURED.

32:07 - IT'S ABOUT AS HUMILIATING AS

32:09 - OF A WAY OF BEING CAPTURED AS

32:10 - YOU'LL EVER FIND IN THE WHOLE

32:11 - CIVIL WAR. STEWART HIMSELF,

32:14 - ALONG WITH HIS ENGINEERING

32:15 - OFFICER CAPTAIN WILLIAM W

32:16 - BLACKFORD GET CUT OFF BY SOME

32:19 - TROOPERS OF THE 5TH NEW YORK.

32:21 - AND STEWART AND BLACKFORD END

32:22 - UP HAVING TO JUMP ACROSS WHICH

32:23 - STEWART LATER DESCRIBES A 15

32:25 - FOOT WIDE EDGE. 2 ESCAPED.

32:29 - FARNSWORTH BRIGADE ACTUALLY HAS

32:31 - TO TURN AROUND WITH THE 5TH NEW

32:32 - YORK CAVALRY COMMANDED BY MAJOR

32:34 - JOHN HAMMOND. WELL, ACTUALLY

32:36 - MAKE A CHARGE AND WILL WILL

32:38 - CRASH INTO THAT. THE HEAD OF

32:39 - THE CONFEDERATE COLUMN. AND

32:41 - THAT'S WHERE THIS STREET

32:42 - FIGHTING BACK AND FORTH MOUNTED

32:44 - CHARGES AND COUNTER CHARGES

32:46 - RIGHT THROUGH THIS THAT THE

32:47 - STREETS OF THE TOWN OF HANOVER

32:49 - TAKE PLACE. IT REALLY IS A

32:50 - REMARKABLE SITUATION. IS.

32:53 - AS OF THAT MOMENT, IT WAS

32:54 - REALLY PRETTY MUCH

32:55 - UNPRECEDENTED IN THE COURSE OF

32:56 - THE WAR

32:57 - >>IF WE WERE ABLE TO BE HERE

32:59 - ABOUT 10 OR 10, 30 ON THE

33:00 - MORNING OF JUNE, 30TH, YOU

33:01 - KNOW, 18 63.

33:03 - >>THE STREETS WITH LITERALLY

33:05 - THUNDER ON A CARRY COUNTER

33:08 - CHARGES. WHEN IT DOES HAPPEN IN

33:12 - A TIME LIKE THIS. WE'RE VERY

33:13 - FORTUNATE THAT WE GOT A LOT

33:14 - OF ACCOUNTS, CITIZENS, THE THE

33:17 - CITIZENS HERE HAD TO DEAL WITH

33:19 - NOT ONLY THE CONFEDERATE

33:21 - CAVALRY LITERALLY RUNNING

33:22 - ROUGHSHOD, YOU KNOW, THROUGH

33:23 - THE STREETS THROUGH THE BACK

33:25 - ALLEYS IN THEIR YARDS ON THEIR

33:29 - THEY MANY OF THEM LOCKED IN

33:31 - CELLS AND BASEMENT. WATCH FROM

33:32 - THERE. IT WAS SO LOUD AND THERE

33:34 - WAS SO MUCH MAYHEM.

33:36 - >>THAT IT JUST LITERALLY SCARED

33:38 - THAT THE CHAMBERS OUT OF JUST

33:39 - ABOUT EVERY CITIZEN HERE IN

33:40 - TOWN. INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH,

33:42 - THERE WAS A THERE ARE SOME JAIL

33:43 - CELLS UNDERGROUND HERE IN TIMES

33:45 - SQUARE.

33:46 - >>SO IMAGINE BEING ONE OF THOSE

33:47 - PRISONERS AND HAVING THIS GOING

33:49 - ON OVER YOUR HEAD

33:52 - >>WHEN WE TALK ABOUT WHAT A

33:53 - CAVALRY BATTLE TYPICALLY LOOKS

33:55 - LIKE AND THEN WHAT PUTTING THAT

33:57 - IN THE MIDDLE OF THE CITY WOULD

33:58 - DO TO THE PEOPLE INVOLVED?

34:00 - >>WELL, YOU KNOW, WE ALWAYS

34:02 - TALK ABOUT HOW TO REIN DRIVERS

34:04 - BATTLES, WHETHER ITS INFANTRY

34:05 - OR OR CARRY OR WHATEVER, BUT

34:08 - IT'S IT'S PROBABLY, YOU KNOW,

34:10 - PARDON THE PUN HORSE OF A

34:11 - DIFFERENT COLOR. WHEN YOU'RE

34:12 - TALKING ABOUT AN URBAN STREETS

34:14 - SETTING AND MOUNT CALVARY.

34:16 - THEY ARE SO HEMMED IN BY THE

34:17 - STREETS, BY THE FENCES, YOU

34:19 - KNOW, BUILDINGS. IT'S ONE OF

34:21 - THE REASONS WHY SO MANY

34:22 - TROOPERS ON BOTH SIDES ARE

34:23 - GETTING AMBUSHED. YOU KNOW,

34:25 - WE SOME OF THESE VERY DETAILED

34:27 - ACCOUNTS ABOUT SEEING, FOR

34:29 - INSTANCE, A CONFEDERATE CAVERN

34:31 - MEN IN FRONT OF SOMEBODYS HOUSE

34:33 - WHO LITERALLY IS JUST AMBUSHED

34:35 - AND AND IT RECEIVES A DELUGE OF

34:37 - LIKE A DOZEN FEDERAL TROOPERS

34:40 - ARE AFTER WHEN, OF COURSE HE

34:41 - CAN'T GET OUT OF HIS WAY OUT

34:43 - AND PEOPLE ARE WATCHING OUT

34:44 - THEIR BASEMENT WINDOWS AND JUST

34:46 - SEEING TROOPERS FALL. BOTH

34:47 - SIDES FALL OFF. THE HORSES ARE

34:49 - BEING SHOT. THEY'RE BEING

34:52 - STRUCK BY A SAVER. SO IT'S AN

34:55 - ENTIRELY DIFFERENT SITUATION

34:57 - WHEN THEY ARE STUCK HERE IN THE

34:59 - STREETS IN AMONGST THE

35:00 - BUILDINGS.

35:01 - ABOUT MIDWAY THROUGH THE JUST

35:04 - AS THIS IS WINDING DOWN IN THE

35:06 - TOWN HERE. IN FACT, THE

35:08 - CITIZENS, THE ONES WHO ARE

35:09 - BRAVE ENOUGH TO ACTUALLY COME

35:10 - OUT IN THE TOWN SQUARE AND SOME

35:12 - OF THE STREETS AROUND THE

35:13 - SQUARE AND START THROWING

35:14 - FURNITURE AND PIECES OF IRON

35:17 - AND WAGONS OVERTURNING WAGONS,

35:19 - ANYTHING THAT THEY CAN FIND

35:21 - IN ORDER TO TRY TO BLOCK THE

35:22 - CONFEDERATES FROM MAKING ANY

35:23 - MORE CHARGES IN THE TOP.

35:26 - >>THIS IS DESCRIBED OFFENSIVE

35:27 - TO PHASE BATTLE. HOW DOES THE

35:29 - FIRST FACE OF THIS FINALLY WRAP

35:30 - UP?

35:32 - THAT MOUNTED PHASE OF THE

35:33 - FIGHTING? MORE OR LESS PETERS

35:34 - OUT.

35:38 - PULLS BACK A LITTLE BIT.

35:39 - KILPATRICK ALSO PULLS BACK A

35:41 - LITTLE BIT TO REORGANIZE THEIR

35:43 - COMMANDS BY THIS TIME. CUSTER'S

35:45 - FORCES ARRIVED ON ON THE SCENE

35:47 - AND THEY ADVANCED IN THE

35:50 - DIRECTION OF THE BUCKS COUNTY

35:51 - INTERSECTION. ALL OF THE 5TH,

35:54 - MICHIGAN CAVALRY IN 4 COMPANIES

35:55 - IN THE 6, MICHIGAN CALVARY

35:57 - CUSTER'S BRIGADE WERE ARMED

35:58 - WITH SPENCER REPEATING RIFLES.

36:00 - WAY DOWN A TREMENDOUS AMOUNT

36:01 - OF FIREPOWER. SO TO TAKE

36:03 - ADVANTAGE OF THAT CUSTER,

36:04 - DISMOUNT SAYS TROOPS AND THEY

36:06 - BEGIN TO ADVANCE TO ATTACK

36:08 - STEWART'S POSITIONS, A

36:10 - DISMOUNTED FASHION. AND THAT'S

36:12 - HOW THE SECOND PHASE OF THE

36:13 - BATTLE PLAYS OUT.

36:15 - >>AND THIS, TOO, I YOU KNOW,

36:16 - I THINK IT'S VERY TO READ THE

36:20 - ACCOUNTS OF CUSTER IN COMMAND

36:21 - HERE DURING THAT SECOND PHASE

36:24 - OF THE BATTLE. KEEP IN MIND,

36:25 - THIS IS THE VERY FIRST TIME

36:26 - THAT MANY OF THESE MICHIGAN

36:27 - TROOPERS HAVE EVEN SEEN COST

36:29 - OR, YOU KNOW, THEY'VE NEVER

36:29 - MET HIM. ONE OF HIS TROOPERS

36:31 - RIGHTS, WHO IS THIS MAN?

36:33 - COSTA? WE DON'T KNOW HIM.

36:35 - WE KNOW HIM SOMEWHAT BY

36:36 - REPUTATION, BUT CUSTER FOR ALL

36:40 - OF WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT HIM AND

36:41 - HIS FAMOUS AS HE BECOMES LATER

36:43 - DURING THE BATTLE OF

36:43 - GETTYSBURG. AND OF COURSE,

36:45 - MEANING HIS AND AT THE LITTLE

36:46 - BIG HORN HE IS GREEN. TODAY'S

36:49 - MICHIGAN TROOPS AND THEY DON'T

36:51 - KNOW WHO HE IS. THEY DON'T KNOW

36:53 - OTHER THAN REPUTATION. YOU KNOW

36:54 - MUCH ABOUT IT. PLUS, HE'S

36:56 - WEARING A RIDICULOUS OUT FOR

36:58 - THAT THAT THE DESCRIPTIONS ARE

36:59 - DESCRIBED BY BY ONE OF HIS

37:01 - TROOPERS IS LOOKING LIKE A

37:02 - CIRCUS WRITER GONE WEARING THIS

37:04 - BLACK VELVET TEEN SAILOR SUIT

37:06 - WITH STARS ON THE LAPELS

37:09 - >>IT'S JUST REALLY RIDICULOUS.

37:10 - LOOKING OUTFIT, BUT HE WAS HE.

37:11 - HE ALWAYS SAID HE WORKED.

37:13 - SO AS MEN COULD FIND HIM EASILY

37:14 - ON THE BATTLEFIELD. BUT THEY'RE

37:16 - NOT USED TO THIS LINE. AND THIS

37:18 - ALREADY, YOU KNOW, SOMETIMES

37:20 - VERY

37:21 - >>PAIN AND GLORY U.S. BRANCH,

37:22 - YOU KNOW, THE CAVALRY,

37:24 - ESPECIALLY ON THE CONFEDERATE

37:25 - SIDE WITH JEB STUART AND HIS

37:26 - OSTRICH CLUE IS, YOU KNOW, RED

37:28 - VELVET CAKE.

37:29 - >>WE HAVE COST ARE

37:30 - PULLING UP.

37:31 - >>WHO IS ONLY ELEVATED TO

37:33 - BRIGADIER GENERAL JUST A COUPLE

37:34 - OF DAYS BEFORE THIS, BUT HE

37:35 - MUST HAVE KNOWN THAT IT WAS

37:37 - CALM AND VERY LIKELY THROUGH

37:38 - HIS BENEFACTOR OFFER PLEASANT

37:39 - THING. THE CRANDALL RECOVERY

37:40 - CORPS THAT WAS COMING BECAUSE

37:42 - BY THE TIME HIS COMMISSION

37:44 - ARRIVED AS GENERAL

37:46 - >>AS ERIC SAYS, CUSTER ALREADY

37:48 - HAD HIS BLACK VELVET UNIFORMS

37:50 - TRIMMED IN GOLD RED BANDANA.

37:53 - YOU KNOW, BEAUTIFUL HAD.

37:55 - AND THIS IS HOW HE APPEARS ON

37:56 - THE FIELD AGAIN FOR THE VERY

37:58 - FIRST TIME TO THESE TROOPERS

37:59 - ECO. IMAGINE WHAT THEY MUST

38:00 - HAVE THOUGHT THEY SAW ONE OF

38:02 - THE BRIGHTEST GUY AS A CIRCUS

38:04 - WRITER GONE MATT. AND THAT'S

38:06 - PROBABLY A GOOD DESCRIPTION AND

38:08 - SAYS YOU CAN COME UP WITH THE

38:09 - WAY HE MUST HAVE LOOKED AT.

38:12 - >>AS THE SECOND PHASE OF THIS

38:13 - BATTLE BEGINS, WHAT BECOMES

38:14 - STEWART'S NEW OBJECTIVE?

38:16 - WHAT DOES HE DO TO ACHIEVE

38:17 - THAT?

38:18 - HIS OBJECTIVE IS REALLY TO GET

38:20 - OUT OF HERE WITH HIS COMMAND

38:21 - INTACT. KEEP IN MIND, HE'S GOT

38:23 - 150 WAGONS THAT HE'S BRINGING

38:25 - WITH HIM. SO HE'S HE'S

38:27 - OBJECTIVE.

38:28 - WAS NEVER TO FIGHT HERE IN THE

38:30 - FIRST PLACE IS OBJECTIVE IS TO

38:32 - FIND A WAY TO EXTRICATE HIS

38:33 - ENTIRE COMMAND, INCLUDING THE

38:35 - WAGONS AND TO GO ABOUT HIS

38:37 - APPOINTED ROUNDS, WHICH IS

38:38 - APPOINTED ROUNDS OR TO TRY AND

38:39 - FIND EARLY'S COMMAND, WHICH HE

38:41 - BELIEVES IS IN YORK. EARLY, IN

38:43 - FACT, WAS 8 MILES AWAY FROM

38:45 - HERE. HEARD THE GUNS BARKING

38:46 - AND DID NOTHING TO TRY AND FIND

38:48 - OUT WHAT THE COMMOTION IN HIS

38:50 - REAR WAS. BUT STEWART HAD NO

38:51 - WAY OF KNOWING THAT. SO STEWART

38:52 - IS IS LOOKING TO GET AWAY FROM

38:54 - HERE TO TRY AND LINK UP WITH

38:55 - HER LEAST DIVISION. AND THAT'S

38:57 - WHAT HIS OBJECTIVE IS. WE GO

38:59 - THROUGH THE SECOND PHASE OF

39:00 - THE BATTLE.

39:03 - THE SECOND PHASE BASICALLY

39:04 - TAKES PLACE TOWARDS STORAGE

39:06 - POSITION TO THE SOUTH.

39:08 - >>AND WHAT WAS THEN REALLY AN

39:09 - AREA OF OPEN TODAY. IT'S PRETTY

39:12 - RESIDENTIAL IF YOU GO AND LOOK

39:15 - AT THOSE AREAS TODAY, WHETHER

39:17 - IT'S, YOU KNOW, THE START OF

39:18 - THE BATTLE HERE IN THE MAIN

39:19 - PART OF TOWN OR THE SECOND

39:21 - PHASE IN THAT AREA SOUTH OF

39:23 - TOWN IT'S IT'S A RESIDENTIAL

39:26 - AREA, BUT IT WILL GIVE YOU

39:27 - SOMEWHAT OF AN IDEA OF THE

39:28 - TERRAIN BECAUSE YOU CAN SEE

39:30 - THOSE ELEVATOR RIDGE'S TOP OF

39:31 - THAT. I'M GOING TO WHICH STORES

39:33 - POSITION AND VERY MUCH IN

39:35 - CONTRAST WITH THE WAY CUSTER

39:37 - IS GOING TO CONDUCT HIMSELF

39:39 - LATER ON AT THE BATTLE OF

39:40 - GETTYSBURG. YOU KNOW, LATER ON

39:41 - DURING THE CAMPAIGN AND

39:42 - BASICALLY THE BALANCE OF THE

39:43 - WAR, AS ERIC SAYS, CUSTER

39:46 - CONDUCTS THIS SECOND PHASE OF

39:47 - THE BATTLE ENTIRELY. DISMOUNT.

39:49 - THIS IS NOT CUSTER ON

39:51 - HORSEBACK. THIS IS NOT CUSTER

39:52 - MAKING AN ON A CHARGE. HE'S

39:55 - GOING TO COMMAND HIS MAN IN

39:57 - THIS MINE AND FASHION TO TRY TO

39:59 - MAKE INROADS TOWARDS STEWART'S

40:01 - POSITION TO THE SOUTH. SOME

40:03 - WILL BE BRIEFLY SUCCESSFUL,

40:05 - BUT THOSE FEDERALES ARE GOING

40:07 - TO BE TURNED BACK RATHER EASILY

40:09 - BECAUSE STEWART DOES CLAIM THE

40:11 - HIGH GROUND HE'S GOT ARTILLERY

40:13 - UP THERE ON THOSE THE 2 CALLED

40:16 - RICE HILL AND KELLER. HE'LL

40:17 - STILL KNOWN BY THOSE NAMES

40:18 - TODAY. THEY ARE VERY RING WITH

40:23 - ARTILLERY BY STEWART AND THE

40:24 - FEDERAL TROOPERS ARE NOT GOING

40:26 - TO BE ABLE TO MAKE ANY INROADS

40:27 - UP THERE. IT'S A VERY TOUGH

40:30 - SLAW. YOU KNOW, THERE.

40:32 - SOME OF THEM WITH A SPENCER.

40:34 - SO THEY'RE ABLE TO SHOOT A

40:35 - LITTLE BIT QUICKER, BUT IT'S

40:37 - NOT A POSITION THAT THEY'RE

40:38 - GOING TO BE ABLE TO CARRY.

40:39 - THEY EVENTUALLY START PULLING

40:40 - BACK AT AT CUSTER'S COMMAND.

40:43 - AND LIKE SO MANY CIVIL WAR

40:45 - BATTLES AND SKIRMISHES,

40:47 - DARKNESS IS SOMETHING YOU KNOW,

40:49 - THAT REALLY IS GOING TO END

40:50 - THIS AS WELL WHEN THE FIRING

40:51 - AIR BEGINS TO PETER OUT.

40:53 - AND AS ERIC SAYS, THE VERY NEXT

40:54 - DECISION THAT STEWART'S GOT TO

40:55 - MAKE IS HOW DO I GET OUT OF

40:56 - HERE AND HOW DO I FIND HOW DO I

41:00 - CONTINUE MY MISSION OF TRYING

41:01 - TO LINK UP WITH THE CONFEDERATE

41:03 - ARMY. KEEP IN MIND HERE, JUNE

41:05 - 30TH. IT'S ABOUT A WEEK NOW

41:07 - ALMOST A WEEK THAT HE'S BEEN

41:09 - OUT OF TOUCH WITH THE

41:09 - CONFEDERATE ARMY. HE'S IN

41:10 - PENNSYLVANIA. HE'S GOT INTO

41:12 - SEVERAL BATTLES AND SKIRMISHES

41:14 - AND HE HASN'T BEEN ABLE TO TALK

41:15 - TO ONE FELLA CONFEDERATE

41:16 - BEFORE, YOU KNOW, OUTSIDE OF

41:18 - HIS COMMAND TO FIND OUT WHAT'S

41:19 - GOING ON AND WHO IS WHERE?

41:21 - >>HOW TO STEWART ESCAPE THIS

41:24 - PRETTY BAD SITUATION. WELL, AS

41:26 - JD SAID, DARKNESS CAUSED THE

41:28 - FIGHTING TO END PATRICK IT

41:31 - AGAIN. THIS IS A MEETING ENGAGE

41:32 - IN WASN'T PLAYING. KILPATRICK

41:33 - HAS ORDERS TO GET ABBOTTSTOWN.

41:35 - SO AS THE DAY FINALLY BEGINS

41:38 - TO GROW DARK.

41:40 - KILPATRICK BREAKS OFF AND GOES

41:42 - TO TABLETS. TIME LIKE HE'S BEEN

41:43 - ORDERED TO DO IN STEWART'S

41:44 - PERFECTLY HAPPY TO LET HIM GO.

41:47 - THEY BOTH HAD OTHER THINGS TO

41:48 - DO IN OTHER PLACES TO GO.

41:50 - THIS WASN'T A PLANNED

41:50 - ENGAGEMENT WAS NEVER INTENDED

41:52 - TO BE ONE. SO THEY'RE THERE

41:54 - A GOOD WAY TO DESCRIBE IT.

41:55 - IS THAT THE END OF THE DAY THAT

41:57 - THE 2 FORCES MUTUALLY REPELLED

41:59 - FROM EACH OTHER? AND THAT'S

42:00 - ONE OF THE GREAT CONTROVERSIES

42:02 - ABOUT HANOVER, TOO. SHORTLY

42:04 - AFTER THIS BATTLE IN IN THE

42:05 - DARK STEWART'S COMMAND AND HE

42:08 - ENDS UP HAVING TO GO FURTHER

42:09 - EAST AND THE NORTH IN ORDER

42:10 - TO GET AROUND TO PATRICK AN

42:12 - ACCOMPLICE, HIS OBJECTIVE OF

42:13 - GETTING NORTH OF HERE.

42:15 - >>HE'S FALLEN FOR A TIME BY

42:16 - SOME REGULAR AVERAGE WHO COME

42:19 - ON THE SAME TO SUPPORT CARE.

42:21 - PATRICK, OF IT. BUT THAT'S ONE

42:22 - OF THE INEXPLICABLE CONTROVERSY

42:24 - ABOUT THIS IS THE FACT THAT

42:25 - KILPATRICK, LET'S STEWART

42:27 - LITERALLY OUT OF HIS GRASP AND

42:29 - YOU NEVER FOLLOW HIM.

42:30 - >>HE DID ABSOLUTELY NOTHING TO

42:32 - KEEP TABS ON.

42:34 - AND INSTEAD ENDS UP SPENDING

42:36 - THE NEXT DAY, JULY FIRST, WHICH

42:37 - IS, AS WE ALL KNOW, IS THE

42:39 - FIRST DAY IN THE OPENING OF THE

42:40 - BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG ITSELF.

42:42 - HE SPENDS ALL OF THAT DAY

42:43 - RIDING AROUND NORTH OF HERE IN

42:44 - THE ABBOTTSTOWN AREA LOOKING

42:46 - FOR CONFEDERATE ELEMENTS AND

42:47 - MAY BE SIGNS OF STEWART AGAIN.

42:49 - >>CAN YOU ONLY IMAGINE? AND

42:50 - THAT'S SOMETHING WHICH HAS HAS

42:52 - JUST GOTTEN PLAGUE HISTORIANS

42:53 - EVER SENSE. WHAT WAS HE

42:55 - THINKING? YOU KNOW?

42:57 - >>IS THAT TYPICAL IN THE CIVIL

42:59 - WAR FOR A BATTLE TO END IN THIS

43:01 - FASHION AND FOR THE CONTROVERSY

43:02 - TO FOLLOW IT.

43:04 - >>UNFORTUNATELY, BUT THEN

43:06 - AGAIN, THAT CONTROVERSY GIVES

43:08 - GUYS LIKE JD AND THE PLENTY

43:09 - TO WRITE ABOUT IT DOES. IT'S

43:11 - A TOTALLY DIFFERENT, YOU KNOW,

43:12 - TO TO TAKE OURSELVES BACK 150

43:14 - YEARS. I THINK TODAY BECAUSE

43:16 - OF, YOU KNOW, INFORMATION IS IS

43:18 - LIGHTNING FAST AND WE FIND OUT

43:20 - LIKE HOW ARE TROOPS WITH ALL

43:22 - OF THAT? THE TECHNOLOGY AND

43:24 - EVERYTHING THAT WE HAVE,

43:24 - THEY'RE ABLE TO OPERATE TODAY

43:26 - AND ALL THE INTELLIGENCE THAT

43:27 - WE GET WHEN WE'RE SEARCHING

43:29 - OUT THE ENEMY. WHEN WE GO BACK

43:32 - 150 YEARS, SOMETIMES IT'S

43:34 - DIFFICULT TO PUT YOURSELF IN

43:35 - THAT PLACE AND UNDERSTAND, FOR

43:37 - INSTANCE, IN STEWART'S CASE,

43:39 - WELL, OVER 5,000 CONFEDERATE

43:41 - TROOPERS COME MARCH SEVERAL

43:44 - 100 MILES.

43:45 - >>INTO ENEMY TERRITORY AND NOT

43:48 - BE KEPT TABS ON. NOBODY KNOWS,

43:50 - YOU KNOW WHERE THEY ARE

43:52 - THE THE SAME WITH THE WE HAVE

43:55 - TO TAKE OURSELVES BACK IN TIME.

43:57 - I THINK TO REALLY UNDERSTAND

43:58 - THE ENVIRONMENT, THERE'S NO

43:59 - HELICOPTERS. THERE'S NO WALKIE

44:01 - TALKIES. YOU KNOW, THERE'S NO

44:02 - CELL PHONES. THERE'S NO GPS,

44:04 - I GUESS IT JUST RIGHT.

44:06 - EVERYTHING IS DONE AT EYE

44:07 - LEVEL. YOU KNOW, IT'S KIND OF

44:08 - THE WAY I DESCRIBE IT AND

44:10 - FOR EVERY ONE OF THE SOLDIERS,

44:12 - THEIR ENTIRE WORLD IS ALL

44:13 - AROUND THEM. YOU KNOW, THEY'RE

44:14 - NOT LOOKING AT A COMPUTER

44:15 - SCREEN OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT.

44:17 - AND AND FOR US TO UNDERSTAND

44:20 - HOW THEY CAN OPERATE, HOW THEY

44:22 - CAN MOVE THEIR TERRITORY LIKE

44:23 - THIS.

44:24 - >>BATTLES CAN HAPPEN BY

44:26 - ACCIDENT. HOW FORCES CAN RUN

44:27 - INTO EACH OTHER IS REALLY ALL A

44:29 - FUNCTION OF THAT LACK OF

44:31 - TECHNOLOGY.

44:32 - >>150 YEARS.

44:33 - >>WE HAVE TO CHANGE OUR

44:34 - MINDSET. I

44:36 - >>NOW THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG,

44:37 - OBVIOUSLY FOR US IS LOOMING

44:39 - LARGE. WHAT IS JEB STUART DO

44:41 - AFTER THIS?

44:42 - >>WILL STEWART WILL ARRIVE ON

44:44 - WILL ACTUALLY GO ALL THE WAY TO

44:45 - CARLISLE WHEN HE GETS TO.

44:46 - YOUR KEY. FINDS OUT EARLY IS

44:47 - GONE. HE KNOWS THAT THE OTHER

44:49 - 2 DIVISIONS OF YOU'LL SCORE

44:51 - WERE SUPPOSED TO BE OPERATING

44:52 - SOMEWHERE BETWEEN CARLISLE AND

44:54 - HARRISBURG. SO THAT'S WHERE

44:56 - HE'S GOING TO GO. HE'S GOING TO

44:57 - MAKE A BEELINE TO CARLISLE.

44:58 - LUCKILY FITS LEE. IT SPENT MOST

45:00 - OF HIS PRE ARMY CAREER PRE

45:02 - CIVIL WAR, REGULAR ARMY CAREER

45:04 - AT THE CARLISLE BARRACKS AND

45:05 - KNEW THE AREA WELL AND AND ONE

45:08 - OF THE COLONELS OF OF SHAMELESS

45:11 - RICHARD BIEHL WAS AN ALARM OF

45:13 - DICKINSON COLLEGE, WHICH IS

45:14 - LOCATED IN CARLISLE. SO HE GOES

45:17 - THEY'RE EXPECTING TO FIND

45:18 - CONFEDERATE INFANTRY THERE AND

45:20 - INSTEAD FINDS UNION INFANTRY

45:22 - FROM THE DEFENSE'S OF

45:23 - HARRISBURG AND HE ENDS SHOWING

45:26 - CARLISLE THAT EVENING AND

45:27 - ULTIMATELY FINALLY GETS AS

45:30 - STAFF OFFICER THAT HE HAD SENT

45:32 - TO TRY AND FIND THE ARMY HEARD

45:34 - THE FIRE, THE GUNS AT

45:35 - GETTYSBURG AND ROAD TO THE

45:37 - SOUND OF THE GUNS FOUND MULE

45:39 - YOUR IN TURN SENT OF THE WAY

45:40 - WE GAVE HIM ORDERS TO TELL

45:42 - STEWART TO COME TO TO

45:44 - GETTYSBURG.

45:46 - HE ARRIVES BACK IN CARLISLE

45:48 - AND TIME.

45:49 - ABOUT 3 O'CLOCK IN THE STEWART.

45:52 - WEBBER'S UP HIS GUNS.

45:55 - HEADS OFF, LEAVING THE TOWN

45:56 - OF CARLISLE BURNING BEHIND HIM

45:58 - WITH THE GAS WORKS IN THE

45:59 - BARRACKS ON THE BLAZE.

46:02 - CAST ACROSS SOUTH MOUNTAIN IN

46:03 - MARCH, THE 30 MILES 2 TO CAR TO

46:06 - FROM CARLISLE, GETTYSBURG.

46:08 - HE'S SO EXHAUSTED. THE HAS TO

46:09 - STOP SLEEP FOR A COUPLE OF

46:10 - HOURS BECAUSE HE JUST CAN'T

46:11 - FUNCTION ANYMORE. FINALLY GETS

46:13 - TO GETTYSBURG 2 IN THE

46:14 - AFTERNOON. THE REST OF HIS

46:16 - FORCE ARRIVES ABOUT 6 HAMPTONS

46:19 - BRIGADE HAS THE ENCOUNTER WITH

46:20 - CUSTER AND FARNSWORTH OF AGAIN.

46:23 - IT AT A PLACE CALLED HUNTERS

46:25 - AND THEN THEY HAVE A A LARGE

46:26 - SCALE ENGAGEMENT.

46:28 - ON EAST CAVALRY FIELD ON THE

46:30 - 3RD OF JULY WHERE THEY TAKE ON.

46:34 - CUSTER'S BRIGADE. AGAIN, ALONG

46:36 - WITH ONE OF THE BRIGADES OF

46:37 - DAVID MCMURTRY, GREG SECOND

46:38 - DIVISION AND

46:41 - IT'S ALL THE DRAMA AND ROMANCE

46:42 - YOU WOULD EXPECT OF A OF A

46:43 - CAVALRY BATTLE.

46:45 - >>THE POLITICS OF THE CIVIL

46:47 - WAR AND BATTLES I THINK ARE

46:48 - VERY INTERESTING. THERE'S A LOT

46:50 - OF CONTROVERSY SURROUNDING JEB

46:51 - STUART'S ROLE LIKE GETTYSBURG.

46:53 - WE TALK ABOUT SOME OF THE

46:54 - BLAME. THAT'S MAYBE A SIGN

46:55 - THEM. AND IS IT FAIR?

46:58 - >>WELL, AND I THINK THAT'S ONE

47:00 - OF THE REASONS WHY WE COME UP

47:01 - WITH THE TITLE, THE BOOK.

47:02 - AND WE DID THAT. THERE'S PLENTY

47:03 - OF BLAME TO GO AROUND. WE WE

47:05 - ARGUE SEVERAL SIDES OF THE

47:07 - QUESTION PRESENTING BASICALLY

47:08 - THE EVIDENCE SHOWED TO THE

47:09 - READER TO DECIDE FOR THEMSELVES

47:13 - IN GENERAL STEWART DOES RECEIVE

47:15 - A LOT OF THE BLAME FOR WHAT

47:16 - HAPPENED TO CAGED BIRDS SIMPLY

47:18 - BECAUSE OF THE FACT THAT HE

47:19 - DOES TAKE THAT RIGHT. HE'S OUT

47:21 - OF TOUCH WITH THE ARMY AND IT

47:23 - SHOWS UP ON JULY SECOND AFTER

47:24 - THE BATTLE IS UNDER WAY.

47:25 - AND THAT'S PRETTY MUCH THE

47:26 - QUICK AND DIRTY. YOU KNOW THAT

47:27 - THAT MOST PEOPLE GET OUR MOST

47:29 - PEOPLE STUDY WHAT WE OFFER

47:31 - BECAUSE OF THINGS THE BATTLE

47:34 - OF WESTMINSTER, THE BATTLE OF

47:36 - HANOVER HERE, THE WAY THINGS

47:37 - PROCEED. FAIRFAX STATION IN

47:39 - FAIRFAX, WE WE BASICALLY

47:41 - OFFERED THAT, YOU KNOW, JUST

47:42 - CONSIDER.

47:43 - >>AGAIN, AS I MENTIONED BEFORE,

47:45 - WHAT HIS MISSION WAS, THE

47:46 - DIFFERENT TASKS THAT HE WAS

47:48 - GIVEN TO ACCOMPLISH OPERATING

47:50 - IN A MEAT OR TERRITORY ON A

47:52 - NEARLY 200 MILE RIDE AND

47:53 - ACCOMPLISH ALL THIS. ALL THE

47:55 - WHILE GETTING INTO THESE

47:56 - UNEXPECTED ENGAGEMENTS, YOU

47:58 - KNOW, WITH THE FEDERALES, HE

47:59 - DOES SEVERAL THINGS TO TRY TO

48:01 - DO. HOWEVER, FACILITATE MAKING

48:04 - HIS RIDE.

48:05 - AND NOT SO MUCH EASIER. BUT

48:07 - LET'S A LITTLE MORE EFFICIENT

48:08 - WHEN HE CAPTURES THOSE 150

48:10 - WAGONS. DONNA ROCKVILLE,

48:11 - MARYLAND, ONE OF THE THINGS HE

48:13 - DOES IS HE DETACHES HALF OF THE

48:15 - MULE TEAMS OF EACH OF THOSE

48:16 - WAGONS IN ORDER TO SPEED THEM

48:18 - ALONG. HE USES A VERY GOOD

48:20 - HORSE FATHER. YOU KNOW, THAT'S

48:22 - IN THERE FOR HIS HORSES.

48:23 - MEALS, SOMETHING WHICH PROBABLY

48:25 - HELPS HIM COMPLETE THAT RIGHT.

48:27 - YOU KNOW, RATHER THAN SLOWING

48:28 - HIM DOWN AND PROBABLY ACTUALLY

48:29 - HELPS HIM TO FINISH IT. HE

48:32 - MAKES SEVERAL THOSE TYPE OF

48:33 - DECISIONS, YOU KNOW, TOO, TO

48:35 - ACTUALLY FACILITATE MAKING THIS

48:37 - RIGHT. THERE'S A LOT OF

48:39 - ARGUMENTS ON BOTH SIDES.

48:41 - I'M NOT THE LEAST OF WHICH IS I

48:42 - ALSO MENTIONED BEFORE IS THAT

48:44 - YOU'LL DID NOT MAKE IT ANY

48:45 - EASIER FOR STEWART TO TRY TO

48:46 - LINK UP WITH HIM. WE ARE ONLY

48:48 - BY 4 OR EARLY RIGHT AS WE

48:50 - MENTIONED A COUPLE OF TIMES

48:52 - ALREADY DURING THIS BATTLE ON

48:53 - JUNE, THE 30TH WE KNOW THAT

48:56 - THAT THEY HEARD THE SOUND 7 OR

48:59 - 8 MILES NORTH OF HERE, BUT THEN

49:00 - DID ABSOLUTELY NOTHING TO FIND

49:02 - OUT WHAT WAS GOING ON THAT.

49:05 - >>WORLEY EARLY HAD A REGIMEN.

49:07 - HALF OF CAVALRY WITH HIM.

49:09 - HE EASILY COULD HAVE SENT.

49:12 - SOME SCOUTS DOWN HERE TO FIND

49:13 - OUT WHAT WAS GOING ON. HAD HE

49:15 - DONE SO PUT A LINK UP WITH

49:16 - STEWART. STEWART WOULD HAVE

49:17 - ESCORTED OR LEASE DIVISION TO

49:19 - GETTYSBURG AND IMAGINE EARLY'S

49:21 - ATTACK ON JULY. FIRST, THE

49:23 - GETTYSBURG CRASHING INTO THE

49:24 - 11TH CORPS FLAG WITH STEWART'S

49:26 - TROOPERS LEADING THE WAY.

49:27 - NOT ONLY COULD THAT HAVE

49:28 - HAPPENED, THAT SHOULD HAVE

49:29 - HAPPENED EARLY. THAT'S ON JUBAN

49:31 - WORLD WRITERLY COULD HAVE

49:32 - TROOPERS HERE WITHIN THE HOUR.

49:33 - >>YOU KNOW THE FINAL WHAT WAS

49:34 - GOING ON? WHAT WHAT? WHAT IS IT

49:35 - BACK HERE? IS THAT, YOU KNOW,

49:38 - CONFEDERATE COMMANDER RAN IN

49:39 - THE LOCAL MILITIA, WHICH WAS

49:40 - HAPPENING QUITE A BIT, YOU

49:41 - KNOW, THROUGH SOUTHERN

49:42 - PENNSYLVANIA OR IS IT AN

49:44 - INDICATION OF SOMETHING BIGGER?

49:46 - HAD HE SEND SOMEBODY DOWN HERE

49:47 - TO FIND OUT? IT WAS CERTAINLY

49:48 - SOMETHING BIGGER COULD

49:49 - ACCOMPLISH THAT GOAL OF GETTING

49:51 - STEWART AND AND EWELLS COMMAND

49:53 - TOGETHER. HOW IT WOULD THE NEXT

49:56 - COUPLE OF DAYS. YOU KNOW,

49:57 - THAT'S THE BIG QUESTION.

49:59 - >>THE PROFESSIONALS LIKE TO

50:00 - CALL IT THE FRICTION OF WAR.

50:02 - YOU KNOW, YOU HAVE NOTHING EVER

50:03 - GOES ENTIRELY AS PLANNED.

50:06 - I LOVE ALWAYS WHAT I WANT TO

50:07 - TALK ABOUT THIS. I WAS LIKE TO

50:09 - BORROW A LINE FROM GEORGE

50:10 - PICKETT WINNING WHEN ASKED

50:11 - ABOUT WHY, WHY THE CONFEDERATES

50:13 - LOST THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG.

50:14 - PICKETT'S IT WITH THE YANKEES

50:15 - HAD SOMETHING TO DO WITH THAT.

50:17 - YOU KNOW, CLEARLY THIS.

50:19 - THE CONFEDERATES HAD JUST TO

50:21 - GET TO THE CONCEPT OF THE UNION

50:23 - CAVALRY WAS ON A PAR WITH THEM

50:25 - AT THIS POINT. THEY WERE

50:26 - AGGRESSIVE. THEY WEREN'T

50:28 - PASSIVE. THEY WERE GOING TO

50:29 - TAKE THE FIGHT TO THEM AND I

50:31 - THINK STUART WAS FINALLY COMING

50:33 - TO THAT REALIZATION BECAUSE OF

50:35 - THESE ACTIONS WERE DESCRIBING.

50:37 - AND IT'S IT REALLY IS A SEA

50:38 - CHANGE. FOR THE UNION AND

50:40 - CONFEDERATE CAVALRY BECAUSE

50:42 - REALLY UP UNTIL THE SPRING OF

50:43 - 18, 63, THE CONFEDERATE CAVALRY

50:45 - HAD ITS WAY WITH THE UNION

50:47 - TROOPERS TIME AND TIME AGAIN.

50:49 - AND ALL OF A SUDDEN THAT

50:50 - CALCULUS HAS CHANGED. AND

50:53 - THAT'S A DIFFICULT SITUATION TO

50:54 - GET BEYOND SURE. AND I THINK

50:57 - I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT TO KNOW

50:58 - WHAT KIND OF CONDITION ERIC

51:00 - TOUCHED ON IT. YOU KNOW THAT.

51:01 - >>ON THE CONFEDERATE COVERAGE

51:03 - SIDE, JEB THE CONDITION OF HIS

51:05 - COMMAND. YOU KNOW, IT'S IT'S

51:07 - HOT. IT'S RAINING AT TIMES.

51:09 - IT TURNS THE ROADS IN THE MUDDY

51:11 - GROHL LITERALLY LIKE TRYING TO

51:12 - MARCH TO OPEN OVER, TRYING TO

51:14 - GET YOUR HORSE THROUGH OATMEAL.

51:16 - THEY HAVEN'T BAYS. THEY'RE NOT

51:18 - EATING WELL.

51:19 - THERE ARE BEING ARRESTED,

51:21 - RIGHT? THE HORSES HAVE TO BE

51:23 - REST OF THE HORSES ARE DYING

51:24 - LEFT AND RIGHT. YOU KNOW, WE

51:26 - DON'T HAVE GOOD NUMBERS, BUT

51:27 - I'M QUITE CERTAIN THAT AT LEAST

51:29 - HUNDREDS OF HORSES ARE FALLING

51:30 - OUT AND THAT'S ONE OF THE

51:32 - REASONS WHY THE NEW TO CAPTURE

51:33 - AS MANY AS THEY CAN BECAUSE

51:35 - THEY'RE CONSTANTLY TRAINING

51:36 - HORSES OUT FOR TROOPERS WHO'S

51:38 - WHO'S MOUNTS ARE LITERALLY JUST

51:40 - FALLING DOWN THE ROAD THEY'RE

51:42 - THEY'RE SCATTERED THROUGHOUT

51:44 - STEWART'S ROAD ALL THE WAY UP

51:45 - FOR JIM FROM VIRGINIA, THE DEAD

51:47 - HORSES TROOPERS THEMSELVES

51:49 - FALLING OUT HEAT EXHAUSTION.

51:51 - YOU KNOW, IT'S HOT. I THINK TO

51:53 - APPRECIATE THE CONDITION OF

51:55 - SOMETHING THAT'S ALSO A MAJOR

51:56 - FACTOR IN HIS RIGHT AND HOW

51:58 - WELL HE'S ABLE TO THE PROGRESS

51:59 - WITH THAT. IF VISITORS CAME

52:01 - TO HAND OVER TODAY, WHAT

52:03 - LANDMARKS CAN THEY LOOK FOR

52:04 - FROM THE BATTLE? WELL, RIGHT

52:06 - BEHIND US HERE WE HAVE WHAT'S

52:08 - CALLED THE PICKET MORNING AND

52:10 - THIS MONUMENT REPRESENTS

52:12 - FEDERAL SOLDIER ON PICKET

52:14 - BASICALLY GUARDING IN WATCHING,

52:16 - YOU KNOW, FOR THE ENEMY COMING.

52:18 - IT WAS INSTALLED HERE IN THE

52:20 - TOWN SQUARE IN 19. 0, 4,

52:22 - ACTUALLY IN THE CENTER OF THE

52:23 - SQUARE AND IT'S BEEN MOVED OFF

52:25 - TO THE SIDE SINCE HANOVER TAKES

52:28 - ITS HISTORY VERY SERIOUSLY.

52:30 - AND THESE PEOPLE NEED TO BE

52:30 - CONGRATULATED.

52:32 - >>JUST IN THE PAST 5 OR 6 YEARS

52:34 - ALONE, THEY PUT UP A NUMBER

52:35 - OF WAYS SIDES. ALL THROUGH

52:37 - DIFFERENT LOCATIONS OF WHERE

52:39 - THE THE BATTLE AS HAPPENED.

52:40 - WHEN THE FURY OF HIS LAWYER TO

52:41 - HER RIGHT AND EXCELLENT WALKING

52:43 - TOUR. WE WE HAVE A TOUR IN OUR

52:45 - BOOK, BUT THEY THEY'VE ALSO

52:46 - PUBLISHED A GOOD LOCAL WALKING

52:47 - TOUR.

52:48 - >>THE VISITORS CAN TAKE AND

52:50 - ALSO WHEN YOU'RE IN THE TOWN

52:51 - SQUARE HERE, THEY HAVE A KIOSK

52:53 - WHICH HAS WAYSIDE NOT ONLY ON

52:54 - THE BATTLE, BUT ALSO ON THE

52:56 - HISTORY OF THE TOWN AND IN THE

52:57 - AREA AS WELL. THE REALLY BE

52:59 - CONGRATULATED FOR HOW MUCH

53:01 - PROGRESS THEY'VE MADE HERE JUST

53:02 - IN THE PAST 3 YEARS AND WALKING

53:04 - TOURS REALLY EXTREMELY WELL

53:06 - DONE. AND ANYBODY WHO AT ALL

53:08 - INTERESTED IN VISITING HERE.

53:10 - >>IT'S WELL WORTH IT TO PICK IT

53:11 - UP. I BELIEVE IT'S AVAILABLE ON

53:13 - THE CITY'S WEBSITE. YOU CAN

53:14 - DOWNLOAD IT PARK YOUR CAR, GET

53:16 - OUT. WALK. THERE'S STILL PLENTY

53:18 - TO SEE IF YOU ON THE OTHER SIDE

53:20 - OF THE SQUARE AS AN EXAMPLE

53:22 - THERE ARE A COUPLE OF ARTILLERY

53:24 - PIECES THAT INTERESTINGLY

53:26 - ENOUGH THERE TO PARENT GUNS

53:27 - AND ONE OF THOSE 2 GUNS IS

53:29 - LITERALLY PARENT GUN NUMBER

53:30 - ONE, SERIAL NUMBER ONE WITH

53:33 - RICHARD PARENT, THE INVENTORS

53:35 - INITIALS CARVED INTO THAT

53:36 - RUNYON. THERE'S ALSO A MARKER

53:39 - OVER THERE FOR WHERE THE TREE

53:40 - WAS. THE MAPLE TREE THAT CUSTER

53:42 - TITUS HORSE TOO. THERE'S

53:44 - ACTUALLY 4 HORSESHOES IN THE

53:45 - SIDEWALK MARKING THAT SPOT IS A

53:47 - PLAQUE ON THE WALL OF THAT.

53:49 - THE BANK BUILDING ON THE CATTY

53:51 - CORNER FROM WHERE WE'RE SITTING

53:52 - AND SO WE NEED WE NEED TO ADD

53:54 - THAT WITH THE PICKET MONUMENT

53:56 - BEHIND US.

53:57 - >>AND THE WALKING TOUR THAT THE

53:58 - CITY OF HANOVER IS DEVELOPED.

54:00 - YOU CAN GET A VERY GOOD SENSE

54:01 - OF WHAT TOOK PLACE HERE.

54:03 - >>ON THAT NOTE, I'D LIKE TO

54:04 - THANK MY GUESTS FOR JOINING US

54:05 - TODAY. AS ALWAYS. IF YOU HAVE

54:07 - QUESTIONS ABOUT TODAY'S EPISODE

54:09 - OR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE

54:10 - EPISODES, PLEASE VISIT OUR

54:12 - WEBSITE AT PCN TV DOT COM.

54:15 - WHERE EVERYONE HERE BATTLEFIELD

54:16 - PENNSYLVANIA, I'M BRADY FRIES

54:18 - ARE SAYING SO LONG.