00:28 - >>HELLO, LADIES AND GENTLEMEN.

00:29 - AND WELCOME TO BATTLEFIELD

00:30 - PENNSYLVANIA. TODAY WE'RE ON

00:32 - LOCATION A CHANCE FOR CHESTER

00:34 - COUNTY.

00:35 - AND 17. 77 GEORGE WASHINGTON'S

00:37 - CONTINENTAL ARMY DID BATTLE

00:39 - WITH THE BRITISH HERE AT THE

00:40 - BRANDYWINE RIVER. HE ULTIMATELY

00:42 - LOST AND THE BRITISH WENT ON TO

00:44 - CAPTURE THE PATRIOT CAPITAL.

00:46 - I'M YOUR HOST BREAK, RIGHT,

00:48 - SIR. JOINING ME TODAY TO

00:49 - DISCUSS THE BATTLE OF

00:50 - BRANDYWINE OR AUTHORS FOR A

00:52 - SMILE DAY. AND MIKE HARRIS,

00:54 - GENTLEMEN, THANK YOU BOTH FOR

00:55 - BEING HERE.

00:56 - >>WITH A NOTE, TELL US LITTLE

00:58 - ABOUT YOUR BACKGROUND

01:00 - >>PURSE, MELANIE, I'VE BEEN

01:01 - WRITING ALL OF MY LIFE AND I

01:03 - KNOW WHERE I GOT STARTED WITH

01:04 - HISTORY IN WRITING. I WAS ABOUT

01:06 - 13 YEARS OLD. MY GRANDMOTHER

01:08 - GAVE THE NEWSPAPER CLIPPING

01:09 - TO CLIPPINGS FROM THE CIVIL

01:11 - WAR AND THEY'RE WRITTEN BY MY

01:12 - GREAT, GREAT, GREAT

01:13 - GRANDFATHER. SO THEY COULD BE

01:15 - INTERESTED. I'VE LIVED IN THE

01:16 - CHESTER COUNTY AREA. MY WHOLE

01:18 - LIFE ARE USED TO PLAY ON THE

01:19 - BATTLE ON THE STATE PARK IN ONE

01:21 - BATTLE. 2 IS A KID. I

01:25 - THE BRANDYWINE BATTLEFIELD PARK

01:28 - SAUCER CHAIR OF THE CHESTER

01:29 - COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY ON

01:31 - THE BOARD AT THE MOMENT OF THAT

01:33 - VALLEY FORGE ASSOCIATES.

01:34 - I LOVE THIS AREA HISTORY ALL

01:36 - MY LIFE SPENT NOW 20 YEARS.

01:40 - NEWSPAPERS ALSO,

01:41 - MIKE.

01:42 - >>OK, MY NAME IS MIKE HERS.

01:44 - AND I AM BASICALLY GREW UP

01:47 - TERRY FAMILY.

01:49 - CHILDHOOD NOT GOING TO THE

01:50 - BEACH OR THE MOUNTAINS. WE'RE

01:51 - GOING TO START SITE. WE'RE

01:53 - ABOUT A LOT OF BATTLEFIELD.

01:55 - AND SO WHEN I WAS.

01:57 - NEARING THE END, A HIGH SCHOOL,

01:58 - THE SAME WITH THE BILL. I

02:01 - AND GOT A DEGREE AND HISTORIC

02:04 - AND GOT A JOB WORKING MUSEUMS,

02:07 - WORKER, PENNSYLVANIA FOR 9

02:08 - YEARS. THE STATE OF

02:09 - PENNSYLVANIA. WE ASKED FOR

02:10 - WHICH I WAS THE EDUCATOR HERE

02:12 - AT THE BRAIN, ONE BATTLEFIELD.

02:15 - DURING THAT TIME I GOT MY

02:17 - MASTER'S IN MILITARY HISTORY

02:18 - AND IT SORT OF EVOLVED INTO

02:20 - BRING A BOOK ON THE ON THE

02:21 - BATTLE FOR ANYONE.

02:23 - >>HOW CAN WE DESCRIBE THE CITY

02:24 - OF PHILADELPHIA IN THE 18TH

02:26 - CENTURY?

02:27 - >>I THINK PROBABLY THE MOST

02:29 - IMPORTANT CITY. OF IN THE

02:31 - COUNTRY IS THE CAPITAL CITY.

02:34 - I THINK WAS PROBABLY HAVE.

02:36 - IT'S NOT THE MOST POPULATION

02:38 - WAS SECOND ANYWAY. AND IT WAS

02:41 - VERY IMPORTANT TO THE UNITED

02:42 - STATES IN THE FLEDGLING

02:44 - FLEDGLING COUNTRY.

02:46 - >>THE PROPER COME CALL CAN

02:48 - MIXTURE. SCOTCH IRISH, QUAKERS.

02:52 - ANGLICAN. BUT SECOND LARGEST

02:55 - CITY IN THE BRITISH EMPIRE

02:56 - BEHIND LONDON. IT WAS OR JUST

02:58 - CUT CITY IN NORTH AMERICA.

03:00 - SO IF YOU KNOW, IT MEANT A LOT

03:02 - FOR THE BRITISH TO COME TRY

03:03 - TO CAPTURE.

03:04 - >>LIKE ANY BIG CITY, I'M SURE

03:05 - THERE'S A SPECTRUM OF POLITICAL

03:07 - BELIEFS. COULD WE SAY THE CITY

03:08 - WAS VERY PRO PATRIOT OR PRO

03:10 - LOYALIST ONE WAY OR THE OTHER.

03:12 - >>I THINK IT WAS, YOU KNOW,

03:14 - KIND OF SPLIT THE YEAR HERE.

03:16 - DIFFERENT THEORIES, WHETHER

03:17 - WE'RE FOR WOULD REALLY LIKE

03:19 - TO HAVE.

03:20 - FREEDOM ANOTHER FOR WOULD LIKE

03:21 - TO SAY LAUREL TO CANE THE OTHER

03:23 - FOR WOULD LIKE TO KNOW JUST BE

03:25 - LEFT ALONE. I THINK THERE WAS A

03:27 - MIXTURE AND IT TOOK A LONG

03:30 - TIME. I THINK FOR A LOT OF

03:31 - PEOPLE TO REALLY KIND OF COMMIT

03:33 - TO FIGHT FOR INDEPENDENCE.

03:35 - >>THERE ARE A GROUP THAT THING

03:36 - IT LEAN LOYOLA CITY.

03:39 - POSTERS, A HEAVY, QUICKER

03:40 - POPULATION THAT DIDN'T WANT TO

03:41 - GET INVOLVED. PENNSYLVANIA'S

03:44 - PATRIOT. POPULATION REALLY WAS

03:47 - IN THE BACK COUNTRY. ARE THE

03:49 - COUNTIES OUTSIDE THE CITY.

03:50 - REALLY? THE CITY ITSELF

03:52 - PROBABLY LEAN WELL, IF I HAD

03:54 - TO PUT A NUMBER ON HOW, YEAH,

03:55 - I DON'T KNOW EXACTLY AVERAGE

03:57 - EITHER. BUT I KNOW YOU CAN'T

03:59 - ARGUE WITH THAT. I THINK THAT'S

04:01 - >>WAS IN A HEAVILY DEFENDED

04:02 - CITY.

04:04 - >>WHY 4TH OCCASIONS OR TROOPS

04:11 - BASICALLY THERE WERE NO.

04:12 - THERE ARE SOME MILITIA. BUT

04:14 - THERE WAS NO COMMENT AT LEAST

04:16 - UP UNTIL LATE AUGUST 17.

04:18 - 77, THERE'S NO LINE TROOPS.

04:21 - THE DEFENSE OFF OF THEIR ON

04:22 - NORTH JERSEY ARE MOVING IN THIS

04:23 - DIRECTION. IN TERMS OF

04:25 - FORTIFICATIONS, THE

04:26 - FORTIFICATION THERE WE TALKED

04:28 - ABOUT IN TERMS OF LATER IN THE

04:29 - CAMPAIGN FOR MERCER HAD NOT

04:30 - BEEN BUILT YET ON THE NEW

04:31 - JERSEY SIDE AND FOR MIFFLIN

04:33 - WAS ONLY A WALL THAT FACES THE

04:35 - RIVER WASN'T EVEN CLOSE TO WORK

04:37 - WAS HEAVILY MUD. IT AND IT WAS

04:39 - OUR TROOPS. AND IT SO IT WASN'T

04:41 - FROM EDIBLE LIKE IT WOULD BE

04:43 - LATER IN THE CAMPAIGN. SO IN

04:45 - TERMS AND AND FROM THE LAND

04:46 - SIDE, THERE WAS NO COURT

04:48 - OCCASION PREPARE FROM THE LAND

04:49 - SIDE. THE PERFECT FIT.

04:51 - >>I THINK YOU LOOK AND 17 77

04:53 - MORRISON THEN HAD A DIFFICULT

04:54 - TIME KEEPING HIS ARMY PICK

04:56 - EITHER LET ALONG TOWARD A FINE

04:58 - DIFFERENT CITIES, EVEN ONE AS

04:59 - WELL AS IMPORTANT AS

05:01 - PHILADELPHIA.

05:02 - >>THAT'S A GOOD POINT. CAN WE

05:03 - TALK ABOUT THE STATE OF THE

05:05 - REVOLUTION IN 17? 77, WHAT HAD

05:07 - TRANSPIRED?

05:09 - >>NOT GOING VERY THIS 17 76 WAS

05:13 - PRETTY MUCH A DISASTER.

05:14 - WASHINGTON

05:15 - REALLY DONE WHEN MANY ERROR,

05:17 - ANY YOU HAVE A LONG ISLAND

05:20 - CREWS SOUNDLY THE BRITISH

05:22 - ACTUALLY LATE AND 76 THOUGHT

05:26 - THEY COULD PROVIDE THEIR FORCES

05:27 - AND REALLY BRING THE WHOLE

05:29 - REVOLUTION TO THE END. THE IN

05:32 - 77, BUT WASHINGTON, OF COURSE,

05:34 - SURPRISED ON CHRISTMAS EVE IN

05:36 - TRENTON AND EVERYTHING KEPT IT

05:39 - GOING. SO I WASN'T LOOKING

05:42 - GOOD. I

05:43 - THAT YEAR.

05:44 - >>YEAH, I WOULD THEY LOST A LOT

05:46 - OF TERRITORY INCIDENT INCLUDING

05:48 - 6.

05:49 - AFTER EVERYTHING. LOOK

05:50 - PROMISING TOWARDS IN THE 7TH

05:52 - AND 75 FOOT. MORE IMPORTANTLY,

05:54 - THE ARMY, THE KIND OF ARMY

05:56 - BASICALLY THE CENTER, GREAT

05:57 - DEFENSE. AND 76, THE WHEN

05:59 - YOU'RE LISTENING TO THE FIRE

06:01 - FOR MOST OF THE TROOPS. AND

06:02 - SO THROUGHOUT THE THE WINTER

06:04 - AND SPRING AND RIGHT ON THROUGH

06:05 - THE SUMMER, FOR THAT MATTER,

06:06 - WASHINGTON'S LITERALLY HAVING

06:08 - TO BUILD. AN ARMY FROM SCRATCH.

06:11 - SO A LOT OF THE GUYS THAT RIGHT

06:12 - HERE, WE'RE NOT EVEN IN THE

06:13 - ARMY. AND 76 AND SO YOU NOT

06:16 - ONLY YOU HAVE ALL THE POLITICAL

06:18 - ISSUES GOING ON. YOU'VE GOT A

06:19 - MILITARY IN THE PROCESS IS

06:21 - STILL BEING TRAINED. THAT'S

06:22 - WHERE THE MAJOR BATTLE HER.

06:24 - >>17, 76 IS PRETTY DIRE FOR

06:26 - WASHINGTON. BUT BY 77, THE

06:27 - EVENTS WE'RE TALKING ABOUT

06:28 - TODAY, IT'S A VERY DIFFERENT

06:30 - ARMY. WHAT STEPS TO TAKE TO

06:32 - DO THAT?

06:33 - >>HE RECEIVED AUTHORIZATION

06:35 - FROM CONGRESS TO DO.

06:37 - RE SOME TROOPS. BUT THE BIG

06:39 - PROBLEM WITH CONGRESS, THEY

06:40 - DID NOT REALLY. YOU BACK UP

06:43 - WITH MONEY OR SUPPLIES. SO THE

06:45 - SUPPORT THERE WAS FOR WAS NOT

06:47 - WHAT WASHINGTON NEEDED.

06:50 - >>AND IT'S A TIME-CONSUMING

06:51 - PROCESS TO RECRUIT AND GET

06:54 - MOBILIZE THE TROOPS AND GET

06:55 - THEM TO THE ARMY CAN DO AS AN

06:57 - EXAMPLE. THE NORTH CAROLINA

06:59 - BRIGADE THAT WAS AUTHORIZED

07:00 - WITH EVERYBODY ELSE DOESN'T

07:01 - EVEN LINK UP WITH THE ARMY TO

07:02 - JUST A FEW WEEKS BEFORE THE

07:03 - BATTLE THEY HAVE TO GET UP HERE

07:05 - FROM NORTH CAROLINA. SO IT'S

07:07 - JUST VERY TIME-CONSUMING.

07:08 - YOU KNOW, ALL THESE TROOPS WERE

07:09 - AUTHORIZED, GETTING THEM HERE

07:11 - AND THEN TRAIN THEM.

07:12 - >>WE'VE BEEN TALKING A LOT

07:13 - ABOUT WASHINGTON. LET'S TALK

07:14 - ABOUT THE BRITISH SIDE WHO WAS

07:16 - WILLIAM HOWE AND WHAT DID HE

07:17 - HOPE TO ACHIEVE BY CAPTURING

07:18 - PHILADELPHIA?

07:20 - >>WELL, HOW WAS THE HEAD OF THE

07:22 - BRITISH ARMY IS VERY

07:23 - EXPERIENCED OFFICER? I ALWAYS

07:26 - HAD THE FEELING HE WAS NOT

07:28 - HOPEFULLY INTO THE REVOLUTION

07:31 - AND HE THOUGHT, I THINK IS A

07:33 - LOT OF BRITISH DID THAT.

07:34 - WE'D ALL COME UNDER A CENSUS

07:35 - THAT SOME POINT REMAIN LOYAL

07:37 - TO TO THE.

07:40 - PHILADELPHIA WAS THE CAPITAL

07:42 - CITY I WAS A LOT OF OTHER WARS

07:46 - TO CAPTURE THE CAPITAL CITY.

07:47 - YOU COULD THAT KIND OF AND THE

07:49 - WARS. SO HE'S VERY EXPERIENCED.

07:51 - OFFICER COURSE IS BROTHER WAS

07:53 - HEAD OF THE NAVY HERE FOR THE

07:55 - BRITISH. HE WAS HOPING FOR A

07:57 - QUICK END.

07:58 - >>YES, YEAH. AND I ALSO, YOU

08:00 - KNOW, THERE'S ALSO ALL THE

08:01 - STUFF

08:04 - YOU KNOW, YOU CAN WIN THE

08:05 - BATTLE, BUT YOU WANT TO REALLY

08:06 - DESTROY THE OTHER SIDE WHEN THE

08:09 - RADICAL YOU'RE TRYING TO BRING

08:10 - THESE COUNTIES BACK INTO THE

08:11 - FOLD AND MAKE THEM CITIZENS OF

08:13 - THE EMPIRE. AGAIN.

08:14 - >>AND SO HE GETS CRITICIZED

08:16 - FREQUENTLY, INCLUDING HERE FOR

08:18 - NEVER FOLLOWING UP ON A VICTORY

08:20 - AND REALLY. YOU KNOW, PUT THAT

08:22 - FINAL BLOW WHEN THE WASHINGTON

08:24 - TAKING THEM OUT. YOU KNOW, IT'S

08:25 - CHRISTMAS FOR A LONG ISLAND.

08:26 - GET CHRISTMAS FOR HERE. ANOTHER

08:28 - BOUNCE, TOO. THERE'S A LOT OF

08:31 - THEORY OUT THERE THAT, YOU

08:32 - KNOW, HE'S A WIG MEMBER OF

08:33 - PARLIAMENT DOESN'T COMPLETELY

08:34 - AGREE WITH THE WAR.

08:36 - BUT IT'S HARD TO PROVE ALL THAT

08:37 - BECAUSE HIS PERSONAL PAPERS

08:39 - OR LAW, WHAT ROUTES ARE

08:41 - AVAILABLE TO HOW.

08:42 - >>TO CAPTURE PHILADELPHIA.

08:43 - THERE'S A FEW.

08:44 - >>BUT THERE ARE THERE ARE.

08:46 - AND AGAIN, IF WE GO BACK TO THE

08:47 - LATE THE YEAR BEFORE. AT

08:51 - FIRST THE ASKED FOR PERMISSION

08:53 - TO SPLIT THE ARMY WITH HER

08:55 - GOING IN THE NORTH AND HE WOULD

08:56 - CAPTURE PHILADELPHIA IN THE

08:58 - COMING CAMPAIGN NEW YEAR'S AND

09:02 - AND YEARS, EVEN AND

09:04 - WASHINGTON'S SUCCESSES AND NEW

09:06 - JERSEY. HE KIND OF RETHOUGHT IT

09:08 - AND THE S WORD TERM MEAN MAYBE

09:10 - WE BETTER KEEP ALL THE ARMY'S

09:12 - TOGETHER, NOT SPLIT THEM UP.

09:14 - I'M THE ONLY APPROVAL HE GOT

09:16 - BACK FROM JERMAINE WAS HIS

09:17 - REGIONAL REQUEST TO SPLIT THE

09:19 - ARMY. AND THAT I THINK REALLY

09:21 - PROVED TO BE THE DOWNFALL.

09:24 - >>YEAH. AND TO KIND OF

09:26 - ELABORATE ON THAT, YOU KNOW,

09:27 - DURING THE WINTER PRIOR TO THIS

09:29 - CAMPAIGN.

09:30 - DRUMMER GOING, HE'S ONE OF THE

09:31 - GENERALS UP AND IN CANADA,

09:33 - BRITISH CHANNEL GOES HOME AND

09:35 - ACTUALLY HAS MEETINGS WITH THE

09:37 - KING AND WITH MORE GERMANE TO

09:39 - TRY TO FIGURE OUT WHAT WHAT

09:41 - THEY WANT TO DO.

09:42 - AND BASICALLY THE KINGS POINT

09:44 - WAS WE SHOULD CONTINUE WITH

09:45 - WHAT WE'VE STARTED IN 17.

09:46 - 76, THE THE BRITISH PLAN CAUGHT

09:48 - UP IN THE BEING OF THE WAR WAS

09:50 - TO CONTROL THE HUDSON RIVER,

09:52 - LAKE CHAMPLAIN CORRIDOR AND

09:54 - THE CAPTURE OF NEW YORK CITY IN

09:55 - 17. 76 WITH HER. THE FIRST

09:57 - PHASE OF THAT. SO THEY COULD

09:58 - HAVE AN ARMY PLACE TO START TO

10:00 - MOVE UP. THE HUDSON RIVER.

10:02 - >>SO SO THE BRITISH HAD THIS

10:03 - WHOLE PLAN TO SPLIT NEW ENGLAND

10:05 - OFF FROM THE REST OF THE

10:06 - COUNTY'S THINKING THAT NEW

10:07 - ENGLAND WITH THE CAUSE OF ALL

10:08 - THE PROBLEMS. AS FAR AS THE

10:10 - KING WAS CONCERNED, THAT PLAN

10:12 - REMAINS IN PLACE FOR 7TH IN 77.

10:16 - ORDERS TECHNICALLY WERE WRITTEN

10:18 - BUT THEY NEVER GOT THE LIVER

10:19 - TO HOW IT'S KIND OF THIS CASE

10:21 - OF BUREAUCRACY PIGEON HOPING,

10:23 - BUT YOU'RE HOLDING THE

10:24 - DOCUMENT. AND SO HOW ACTUALLY

10:27 - REQUESTED IT TO GO AFTER

10:29 - PHILADELPHIA. WELL, HE'S HE

10:31 - PROMISED HE WOULD GET BACK IN

10:32 - TIME WE'RE GOING IN SOME WAY

10:34 - COMING DOWN FROM CANADA.

10:35 - SO WHEN HOW THE SIDES AGO ON

10:37 - THIS FILLY EXPEDITION POLITICS

10:39 - WITH EDITION.

10:41 - THE KING AND REMAIN, EVEN

10:42 - THOUGH YOU KNOW, IT'S WEEKS AND

10:44 - WEEKS OF COMMUNICATION TO GET

10:45 - BACK AND FORTH. OUR CURRENT,

10:47 - ASSUMING HOW GOOD DO IT QUICKLY

10:49 - SO HE CAN GET BACK TO NEW YORK

10:50 - CITY AND START MOVING UP THE

10:51 - HUDSON. BUT HOW IS NO POINT

10:53 - MOVES QUICKLY TO CAPTURE?

10:54 - PULL OUT?

10:56 - >>WHICH GEOGRAPHICALLY

10:57 - SPEAKING, WHICH DIRECTION WHAT

10:59 - HE ULTIMATELY COME FROM.

11:01 - >>BASICALLY AFTER DILLY DALLY

11:03 - IN NORTH JERSEY FOR A WHILE,

11:04 - SOME BOARD OF MANEUVER THAT

11:06 - THEY'RE ALTERNATELY, THEY GO

11:07 - BY SEA. WE USE THE BRITISH

11:09 - FLEET AND AFTER A BRIEF ONE DAY

11:12 - STOP IN THE MOUTH OF THE

11:13 - DELAWARE BAY. WE GO BACK OUT TO

11:15 - SEA AND ULTIMATELY COME UP.

11:16 - THE CHESAPEAKE BAY AND ON THE

11:19 - ELK RIVER NORTHEAST TOMORROW.

11:22 - >>CAN WE TALK A LITTLE BIT

11:23 - ABOUT THE RIVER THAT'S BEHIND

11:24 - US WHAT IS THE BRANDYWINE RIVER

11:27 - AND HOW IS IT USED BEFORE THE

11:28 - BATTLE?

11:29 - >>FOR ANYONE WAS KNOWN AS THE

11:32 - RIVER MILLS, WHO WAS A LOT OF

11:33 - GRAY MILLS. AND AND THAT TYPE

11:36 - OF LITTLE MILLS AT THE TIME

11:38 - WAS PRETTY IMPORTANT FOR THE

11:40 - BUSINESS SIDE OF CHESTER

11:42 - COUNTY. AS YOU SEE IT IT WAS

11:46 - PROBABLY A LITTLE BIT DEEPER.

11:48 - THEN WHAT YOU SEE NOW. BUT IT

11:51 - WAS PRETTY MUCH UNCHANGED TO

11:53 - FOLLOW PRETTY MUCH THE SAME

11:55 - PATH. THAT WAS A LITTLE

11:56 - DAMNING, BUT NOT MUCH.

12:00 - BUT YOU DON'T REALIZE THAT

12:01 - TODAY, BUT IT WAS A NATURAL

12:02 - BARRIER. SO IF WASHINGTON

12:04 - TRYING TO GET YOUR ARMY IN

12:06 - POSITION.

12:07 - >>THE STOP ACCESS TO

12:08 - PHILADELPHIA AND THE ENEMY IS

12:10 - COMING FROM THE CELL. YOU KNOW,

12:12 - THE BRANDYWINE THE TIME WAS A

12:13 - LITTLE BIT YOU KNOW, THE FORDS,

12:17 - YOU KNOW, THERE'S PRESSURE

12:17 - COUNCIL. THE FORDS WERE TESTY.

12:21 - YOU KNOW, IT'S A IT WAS A

12:22 - NATURAL BARRIER. IF YOU DON'T

12:23 - DEFEND THE BRANDYWINE. THE NEXT

12:24 - THING IS THE SCOOP ON THE

12:25 - SCHOOL BUS RAP AGAINST THE FOP

12:27 - UP AGAINST OFF IT. SO THEY HAD

12:29 - TO MAKE A STAND FOR.

12:30 - >>IF THIS WAS NOT AN UNPLANNED

12:32 - BATTLE FOR SOME THE DAZED.

12:35 - BEFORE THE BATTLE WAS LOOKING

12:37 - FOR A PLACE FOR DEFENSE AND

12:39 - SPECIFICALLY PICKED THIS

12:40 - SECTION BECAUSE HE REALLY

12:42 - WANTED TO HOW THE KIND OF

12:43 - CHARGE ACROSS ARE TRYING TO

12:45 - AFFORD IN FRONT OF HIS ARMY AND

12:47 - THEY HAD REALLY GOOD DEFENSES

12:49 - ON THE OTHER SIDE.

12:50 - >>AS HOUSE APPROACHING, WHERE

12:52 - IS WASHINGTON'S ARMY?

12:56 - DEPENDS ON WHAT PART OF THE

12:58 - FOR WHILE OTHER NORTH JERSEY OR

13:00 - ARE ON THE LOWER HUDSON

13:01 - THINKING THAT THEY'RE GOING TO

13:02 - USE THE FLEET PICK UP THE

13:03 - HUDSON RIVER IT'S IT'S GOOD TO

13:06 - TAKE A WHILE BECAUSE THERE'S NO

13:07 - REAL CONTINENTAL NAVY TO BE

13:09 - ABLE TO FOLLOW THE BRITISH

13:11 - FLEET AROUND. SO THEY'RE

13:12 - RELYING UPON SPOTTERS DOTTED

13:14 - ALONG THE AMERICAN COASTLINE

13:16 - AND THEN RELAYS OF GUYS ON

13:17 - HORSEBACK TO REPORT TO

13:19 - WASHINGTON. WHAT THEY'RE

13:19 - SAYING. SO IT TAKES A WHILE FOR

13:21 - HIM TO FIGURE OUT WHAT'S GOING

13:22 - ON. AND THEN ULTIMATELY THEY'RE

13:24 - GOING TO MOVE DOWN AT A NORTH

13:26 - JERSEY CROSS THE THE LOWER

13:28 - RIVER WHERE NEW HOPE THIS

13:29 - TONIGHT THAT'S GOING TO TAKE

13:30 - PLACE MID AUGUST.

13:33 - AUGUST, 25TH THE MARCH TO

13:34 - PHILADELPHIA, WHICH IS THE SAME

13:35 - DAY THE BRITISH FLEET LANDS

13:37 - IN NORTHEASTERN MARYLAND.

13:39 - THEY MARCHED DOWN IN NORTHERN

13:40 - DELAWARE THERE. SOME

13:41 - SKIRMISHING DOWN THERE THROUGH

13:43 - EARLY SEPTEMBER. AND THEN BOTH

13:45 - ARMIES KIND OF PARALLEL EACH

13:46 - OTHER UP ACROSS THE DELAWARE

13:47 - STATE LINE TO GET RIPPED THE

13:50 - >>THE BRITISH REALLY HAD IT

13:52 - 3 OPTIONS ARE A LOT OF

13:54 - AMERICANS OFFICERS AND TO READ

13:56 - SOME OF THE REPORTS FROM GEORGE

13:58 - WASHINGTON AND HIS OFFICERS.

14:00 - THEY THEY REALLY DIDN'T KNOW IF

14:02 - HOW IT'S GOING TO GO NORTH TO

14:03 - KOIN PACK PHILADELPHIA OR EVEN

14:06 - GO FURTHER SOUTH DOWN THE

14:07 - CHARLESTON AND

14:09 - THAT AREA. AND THEY WERE JUST

14:12 - KIND OF GOING UP AND DOWN.

14:13 - AND AS MIKE SAID, THEY WILL

14:15 - MARCH THROUGH PHILADELPHIA AND

14:16 - ENDED UP IN THE WILMINGTON

14:18 - AREA. FIRST, KERMIT WAS REALLY

14:20 - AROUND COACHES BRIDGE AND THAT

14:23 - WAS FOLLOWED UP BY BRANDY.

14:24 - ONE.

14:26 - >>BRUCE, YOU ARE VERY CLEAR.

14:27 - THIS WAS NOT AN BATTLE. WE WAS

14:29 - CALLED A MEETING GAUGE MUNDT

14:30 - WASHINGTON HAD A PLAN HERE.

14:32 - COULD YOU TALK ABOUT HIS

14:33 - STRATEGY?

14:33 - >>YES, AS MICHAEL CITY PICK

14:37 - THIS. THIS WAS THE BEST DEFENSE

14:38 - FOR PHILADELPHIA TOGETHER IS

14:42 - HE DID SOME EXPLORATION OF THE

14:44 - RIVER AND WHERE TO FORTIFY.

14:47 - HE ACTUALLY GOT LOCALS TO GIVE

14:51 - HIM SOME INTELLIGENCE AND

14:54 - THEY DID NOT GIVING WERE VERY

14:55 - GOOD INFORMATION AND LEFT THE

14:57 - WHOLE RIGHT FLANK KIND FOR

14:59 - DOUBLE AS WHAT HAPPENED LATER.

15:02 - I ALWAYS THOUGHT THAT REALLY

15:04 - THAT INFORMATION THAT HE

15:06 - RECEIVED BEFORE THE BATTLE

15:07 - REALLY KIND OF DUDE, WASHINGTON

15:09 - ALLOWED THE FLANKING MOVEMENT

15:12 - THAT HOW EVENTUALLY DO.

15:15 - YEAH, I CAN REALLY ADD MUCH FOR

15:17 - FIRST. A PERIOD OF ANSWERING

15:18 - THAT ONE. BASICALLY.

15:21 - POORLY INFORMED ABOUT THE UPPER

15:23 - 40 DEFENDED THE 14 KNOW ABOUT.

15:25 - >>WE'RE LIVE AT LEAST KEPT AN

15:26 - EYE ON THEM. BUT THERE'S 1,

15:28 - 0 FARTHER UP TO THE NORTH THAT

15:30 - THERE WAS NO AMERICANS WATCHING

15:32 - THE CROSSING POINT.

15:33 - >>ALSO, THE THEY HAD SOME LOYAL

15:37 - US GIVING THEM INFORMATION.

15:38 - FRANKLY, THEY WERE BETTER

15:39 - INFORMED THAN THEY ARE PATRIOTS

15:41 - THAT WERE FORMING WASHINGTON.

15:44 - >>YOU BOTH MENTIONED A VERY

15:45 - IMPORTANT WORD HERE. AND THAT'S

15:46 - A FORD. I WANT TO AN 18

15:48 - TH-CENTURY GENERAL. LOOK AT

15:49 - THIS RIVER DIFFERENTLY THAN,

15:50 - OF COURSE, TODAY

15:51 - WE WANT.

15:52 - >>A MODERN PERSON SAYS LOOK AT

15:54 - IT FOR LIKE A BRIDGE. THE WAY

15:56 - TO GET ACROSS AN IMPASSABLE

15:58 - BODY OF WATER. BASICALLY THEY

16:00 - WERE LOW POINTS IN THE RIVER,

16:02 - SOMETIMES AT THE STONY BOTTOM.

16:04 - AND THEN THE LOCAL FARMERS,

16:05 - ETCETERA, MERCHANTS, WHAT CUT

16:07 - ROADS TO THE FORDS. AND SO IT

16:10 - WAS CROSSING POINT FOR ANYBODY

16:13 - WHO THINKS YOU'RE NOT JUST

16:14 - ARMING.

16:15 - SO ALL THESE FOR THE BEEN

16:16 - DEVELOPED BY ALL THE FARMERS

16:17 - AND MERCHANTS IN THE AREA AND

16:19 - THEN THE ARMY'S ARE GOING TO

16:22 - >>BY TODAY'S STANDARDS, MOST

16:24 - OF US MODERNS WANT TO BE AFRAID

16:25 - OF CROSSING THIS RIVER. WHAT

16:27 - WERE SOME OF THE BIG PROBLEMS

16:28 - THAT COULD ARISE IF AN ARMY

16:30 - CROSSED TOO DEEP?

16:30 - FOR EXAMPLE?

16:31 - >>WELL, YOU KNOW THEIR

16:32 - AMMUNITION, IT'S NOT DON'T

16:33 - THINK A MODERN AMMUNITION.

16:34 - IT'S NOT, YOU KNOW, STILL

16:36 - JACKET. SO THEIR AMMUNITIONS,

16:38 - BASICALLY GUNPOWDER WRAP AND

16:40 - PAPER. AND SO IF THAT GETS WET,

16:43 - THEIR AMMUNITION WON'T WORK.

16:45 - AND SO IF YOU CROSS A SPOT TO

16:47 - DEEPER, YOU CAN ALWAYS HOLD

16:48 - YOUR AMMUNITION ABOVE YOUR HEAD

16:49 - WHILE YOU CROSS THE NEW CARE

16:50 - FOR THE BATTLE. YOU KNOW, YOUR

16:53 - SUPPLY WAGONS ARE GOING TO IF

16:54 - THEY SINK TO THE PIN THAT IN

16:56 - THE WATER ALL YEAR, FOOD, EXTRA

16:59 - AMMUNITION IS ALSO GOING TO GET

17:00 - WHAT YOU GOT TO CROSS AT A LOW

17:02 - ENOUGH POINT WHERE YOU CAN

17:03 - PROTECT OR

17:06 - IF YOU IF YOU WANT TO CROSS THE

17:07 - POINT THAT WAS TOO HIGH.

17:08 - OF COURSE, IF YOU GET ATTACKED

17:10 - FROM THE OTHER SIDE, YOU CAN'T

17:11 - MOVE THAT QUICKLY.

17:13 - >>SO YOU'RE ALMOST SITTING

17:14 - DUCKS OUT THERE. ALSO.

17:16 - >>AND TO YOUR POINT, THIS LEADS

17:17 - US TO THE IMPORTANCE OF CHADDS

17:19 - FORD. WE TALK ABOUT WHY THAT

17:20 - WAS SO VALUABLE. THE BRITISH

17:22 - CAME UP.

17:24 - >>FROM FROM THE SOUTH. AND THEN

17:26 - LIKE BEFORE THEY RING

17:27 - KENNETT SQUARE. I THINK THIS

17:29 - WAS THE MAIN ROUTE REALLY IN

17:31 - THE PHILADELPHIA WAS THROUGH

17:34 - THIS AREA. AND I THINK PORTIONS

17:36 - UNRECOGNIZED.

17:39 - HOW IS GOING TO TAKE THIS ROUTE

17:40 - TO GET TO PHILADELPHIA?

17:42 - WASHINGTON BASICALLY LIKE HE

17:44 - DOES. THROUGHOUT THE WORLD WAR

17:47 - IS HE FAILS TO THINK OUTSIDE

17:48 - THE BOX. HE JUST ASSUMES HOW

17:51 - IS GOOD COME RAIN? ADDING UP

17:53 - THE MAIN THE MAIN ROAD PERCENT

17:55 - OR HOW IS THAT GOING TO DO

17:57 - THAT? HOW THIS EFFECT? THIS

17:59 - BATTLE IS THE 6TH TIME. HOW OUT

18:01 - FLANKS, WASHINGTON. IT'S NOT

18:03 - THE FIRST TIME HE DID THAT AND

18:05 - AND WASHINGTON STILL SET SOME

18:06 - UPS HIMSELF UP.

18:08 - FOR THAT PLANK, MOVE IT BY

18:09 - BASICALLY PLACING ALMOST ALL

18:11 - HIS ROUGHLY 16,000 TROOPS

18:13 - WITHIN A MILE TRANSPORT AND NOT

18:16 - SPREAD OUT AT ALL. THE OTHER

18:17 - FORD ALSO.

18:19 - >>CAN WE TALK ABOUT THE

18:19 - ARRANGEMENT OF WASHINGTON

18:20 - TROOPS JUST BEFORE THE BATTLE?

18:23 - BASICALLY YOU YELL STAR AND

18:26 - SO CHANCE FORD'S KIND OF IN

18:28 - THE MIDDLE. WHAT WILL BECOME

18:30 - WASHINGTON'S INITIAL DEFENSIVE

18:32 - POSITION. HE'S GOT TROOPS

18:34 - STRETCHING MILE A MILE TO

18:36 - SOUTH, ACTUALLY WITH THE FOR

18:37 - MILD TO ANOTHER FOR CALLED

18:39 - POUNDS FOR WITH SOME NEW

18:40 - EVIDENCE THAT MAYBE EVEN THE

18:41 - MOST RESTRICTIONS FAR AS THE

18:42 - DELAWARE STATE LINE, WHICH IS

18:43 - BELOW CALLS FOR AND THEN SO

18:46 - BASICALLY FROM THERE TO A MILE

18:48 - NORTH OF WHERE WE'RE WE'RE

18:49 - SENDING 2 OF BRITAIN'S 4.

18:51 - SO THE MAIN CONCENTRATION, YOU

18:53 - KNOW, BASICALLY 5, 6 DIVISIONS

18:55 - OF THE ARMY ARE STACKED UP

18:57 - WATCHING. A 2, 2 AND A HALF

18:59 - MILE FRONT. MANY OF OTHER

19:01 - DETACHMENTS FARTHER NORTH AND

19:03 - ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE RIVER.

19:04 - BUT THIS IS WHERE THE BULK OF

19:05 - THE ARMY IS TRYING TO STOP

19:06 - OTHERS FROM COMING ACROSS.

19:08 - AND IF YOU LOOK AT THE

19:09 - PLACEMENT OF THE TROOPS

19:10 - THEMSELVES, HE HAD YOU HAD

19:12 - GENERAL SULLIVAN ON THE RIGHT

19:14 - FLANK, VERY STRONG COMMANDER,

19:15 - VERY RELIABLE.

19:17 - >>YOU ANTHONY WAYNE PRETTY

19:20 - DEFENDING PRETTY CLOSE TO WHERE

19:22 - WE ARE TODAY AND THE

19:23 - PENNSYLVANIA MOTION WAS A

19:25 - LITTLE BIT MORE SOUTH AND WHERE

19:27 - SOMETHING WAS NOT QUITE SURE.

19:28 - HELP BATTLE READY. THEY WERE.

19:30 - AND THE INDICATIONS I GET

19:33 - WASHINGTON FOUGHT AN ATTACK WAS

19:35 - MORE LIKELY HERE AND TO DO IS

19:38 - A FLIGHT FROM THE LEFT FLANK.

19:40 - >>YOU MENTIONED HOW SEEM TO BE

19:41 - A STEP AHEAD OF WASHINGTON IN

19:42 - THIS REGARD. WHAT MEASURE CITY

19:44 - TAKE TO ENSURE THAT HE FOUGHT

19:46 - THE BATTLE ON HIS OWN TERMS?

19:48 - >>WELL, FIRST KIND OF MENTIONED

19:50 - EARLIER, RECRUIT SOME LOCAL.

19:54 - BUT HIS LOCAL HER A LOT MORE

19:55 - RELIABLE. THEN THE ONES THAT

19:58 - SUPPOSEDLY HELPING WASHINGTON.

20:00 - THEY BASICALLY EXPLAIN THE

20:02 - POWER. THE FORDS ARE THAT

20:04 - WEREN'T BEING DEFENDED. THE

20:05 - ROADS THAT COULD BE USED TO GET

20:06 - TO THEM THE ROADS THAT COULD

20:07 - BE USED ONCE ACROSS THEM TO

20:09 - GET INTO THE RIGHT REAR OF

20:10 - WASHINGTON'S DEFENSIVE

20:11 - POSITIONS, BASICALLY, HE IS THE

20:13 - LOCAL THAT THE GUIDE THE WAY

20:15 - AND THERE WITH THE CALM, THE

20:16 - FLY CAN CALM THE DAY ABOUT TOWN

20:19 - OF WHICH WAY TO GO.

20:20 - >>AND ALSO, I THINK, WAS.

20:24 - HOW WAS JUST REALLY SOME POINT

20:25 - SUPREME WE CONFIDENT AND HIS

20:27 - TROOPS AND THAT THEY COULD WIN.

20:29 - HE IS ONE MOSTLY EVERY OTHER

20:31 - BATTLE WHERE YOU CAN GAZE

20:32 - WORSEN 10 AND I THOUGHT HE, YOU

20:35 - KNOW, HE REALLY KNEW IS GOING

20:36 - TO HAVE A VICTORY.

20:38 - >>YOU MENTION SULLIVAN AND

20:40 - WAYNE, WHAT OTHER OFFICERS WERE

20:41 - INVOLVED IN THIS BATTLE?

20:42 - THERE ARE SOME PRETTY BIG

20:43 - NAMES.

20:45 - WHILE IN THE BRITISH

20:45 - SIDEKICK CORNWALLIS. HE WAS

20:48 - HERE IS PROBABLY BIGGER.

20:49 - BIGGEST ONE. YOU HAD A CANAPE

20:51 - HOUSE AND THE

20:52 - >>GERMAN HASHIAN GENERAL.

20:54 - THAT COMMAND OF ONE WING AND

20:56 - WAS VERY ACTIVE IN THE MORNING

20:58 - AND KEEPING WASHINGTON BEHIND

21:00 - THE BRAND NEW ONE WITH A

21:01 - FLANKING MOVEMENT TOOK PLACE.

21:03 - YOU HAD A CAPTAIN. PATRICK

21:05 - FERGUSON WAS NUMB FOR THE FIRST

21:07 - RIFLE FIRST USED HERE AT

21:09 - BRANDYWINE. AND YOU HAD A LOT

21:11 - OF AMERICAN GENERALS AND OF

21:13 - COURSE, THE MOST IMPORTANT ONE

21:14 - WAS LAFAYETTE WAS HIS FIRST

21:16 - BATTLE, EVEN THOUGH HE DID NOT

21:18 - HAVE COMMAND OF TROOPS. YOU

21:20 - KNOW, WE SHOULD BLOOD HERE.

21:21 - AND I THINK I WAS ONE OF THE

21:23 - MAIN IMPORTANT OUTCOMES OF THIS

21:24 - BATTLE. WAS THAT MAFIA SHOW

21:27 - THAT HE WAS WILLING TO FIGHT

21:28 - AND BLEED FOR FOR AMERICA.

21:32 - >>WITHIN YOUR GREEN WHO WILL

21:34 - GO ON TO US ARE WELL IN THE

21:35 - SOUTHERN CAMPAIGN FOR THE

21:36 - AMERICAN ARMY.

21:38 - ADAM STEVE, IN WHO LATER?

21:39 - BECAUSE HERE FROM THE ARMY FOR

21:41 - DRUNKENNESS IN GERMANTOWN.

21:43 - WHICH IS ABOUT, YOU KNOW, JUST

21:44 - A FEW WEEKS AFTER THIS.

21:47 - >>BUT YOU PRETTY MUCH IT.

21:48 - I MEAN, JARELL. SO IT WAS

21:50 - ACTUALLY A LOT OF OTHER STAFF

21:51 - OFFICERS THAT WERE VERY

21:52 - IMPORTANT LATER ON PEOPLE ON

21:55 - ON WASHINGTON STAFF ALSO.

21:57 - >>NOW, THIS IS A LONG BATTLE.

21:59 - CAN WE TALK ABOUT THE EARLIEST

22:00 - ENGAGE IN SOMETHING BATTLE

22:02 - CLEARLY MORNING OF SEPTEMBER.

22:03 - 11TH.

22:05 - >>HOW STARTED THE FLANKING

22:07 - MOVEMENT WAY BEFORE.

22:11 - THE FIRST REAL FIGHTING.

22:13 - I GUESS THE SHOTS FOR.

22:16 - OUTSIDE OF KENNETH SQUARE NEAR

22:18 - THE OLD AND PULL IN. YOU CAN

22:21 - STILL SEE AN ANIMAL 13, NOTHING

22:22 - LEFT OF IT. AND ALSO THE KIND

22:24 - OF SQUARE MEETING HOUSE.

22:26 - AND I FOR CAKES WAS 7 O'CLOCK.

22:30 - >>IT MIGHT BE 6. I COME FROM

22:31 - MEMORY. AND IN THAT AREA WHERE?

22:34 - >>REALLY THE FIRST SHOTS AND

22:35 - MOST OF THE FIGHTING ON,

22:37 - DESPITE ALL THE FIGHTING IN THE

22:38 - MORNING WAS FROM KENNETT SQUARE

22:39 - DOWN TO THE AND HER SHOTS ARE

22:41 - BASICALLY WITH ROUGHLY WHERE

22:42 - THE ENTRANCE ALONG THE GARDEN

22:43 - THAT THAT IF YOU'RE FAMILIAR

22:45 - WITH THE AREA BASED, YOU KNOW

22:46 - THAT THAT DUPONT STATE OFFER

22:48 - ROUTE ONE ROUGHLY WHERE THEIR

22:49 - ENTRANCE ROAD IS IS WHERE THE

22:52 - TAVERN HE MENTIONED. WELL, JUST

22:53 - HAVEN'T ARE ABLE TO COVER IS

22:56 - WHERE THE FIRST SHOTS WERE.

22:58 - JUST OUTSIDE OF CANNES SQUARE.

23:00 - >>HOW DOES THE PROGRESS

23:01 - FROM THERE? BASICALLY YOU HAVE

23:03 - THIS IN THE MORNING FEES.

23:04 - YOU HAVE A RUNNING FIGHT ON

23:05 - THE WEST SIDE OF THE RIVER.

23:07 - DISPATCHED. ABOUT 1000 GUYS ON

23:10 - THE MAXWELL TO PURPOSELY SLOW

23:13 - DOWN THEIR APPROACH OF THE

23:14 - BRITISH COME BECAUSE IN

23:15 - WASHINGTON'S EYES, REMEMBER,

23:16 - THAT'S THE ENTIRE BRITISH ARMY

23:18 - COMING UP. WHAT'S THAT A ROUTE?

23:19 - ONE? SO THESE GUYS BASICALLY

23:21 - SET UP IN POCKETS OF 50 AND

23:23 - 100 THAT DIFFERENT AMBUSH

23:25 - POINTS. ROCK OUTCROPPING

23:27 - FENCES, ROCKWALL AROUND THE

23:29 - BUILDING. AND EVERY TIME THEY

23:31 - THEY FIRE A SHOT OR 2 AND THEN

23:33 - THEY TAKE OFF RUNNING DOWN THE

23:34 - ROAD. AND SO YOU HAVE THIS

23:36 - RUNNING BATTLE FOR SEVERAL

23:38 - MILES ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE

23:39 - BRANDYWINE AND ULTIMATELY BY

23:41 - ABOUT 9, 9.30, ISH. THOSE 1000

23:44 - GUYS ARE NOW JUST ON THE OTHER

23:45 - SIDE OF THE RIVER WHERE WE ARE

23:47 - RIGHT NOW. AND BY 10 O'CLOCK,

23:49 - THE LAST A FLY ON THE OTHER

23:50 - SIDE, THE RIVER HAPPENS AND

23:51 - THOSE GUYS PULL OVER TO THE

23:53 - SIDE OF THE RIVER REALLY SIDE

23:55 - OR THE SIDE OF THE RIVER.

23:58 - >>IN DURING THAT MORNING

23:59 - REPORTING THAT IMPORTANT PEOPLE

24:01 - HERE AT THE BATTLE, JOHN

24:02 - MARSHALL BEAT HER SUPREME COURT

24:03 - JUSTICE UNITED STATES FOUGHT

24:06 - MAXWELL'S LIGHT INFANTRY AND

24:08 - WAS ACTUAL.

24:10 - THE VISION OR INFANTRY UNIT WAS

24:12 - PUT TOGETHER JUST A FEW WEEKS

24:14 - BEFORE BRANDYWINE. I SUPPOSED

24:17 - TO USE TO EXACTLY AS HE DID

24:19 - HERE TO KIND OF SLOW DOWN

24:21 - BRITISH ADVANCE AND MARSHALL'S

24:24 - FATHER ALSO FOUGHT WITH 3RD

24:25 - VIRGINIA AND WAS MORE AFTER

24:28 - THE FLANKING MOVEMENT. NOW

24:31 - ABOUT IT.

24:33 - >>HOW DOES A BATTLE CHANGES

24:34 - THE DAY CONTINUES

24:37 - WELL, FORGET THE TIME. I WANT

24:40 - TO SAY.

24:41 - PRETTY EARLY THAT 8. 39 O'CLOCK

24:43 - IN THE MORNING. THE FIRST OF

24:44 - SEVERAL WILL BECOME CONFLICTING

24:46 - INTELLIGENCE REPORTS START TO

24:48 - COME INTO WASHINGTON'S

24:49 - HEADQUARTERS. A LOT OF WHICH

24:51 - COME THROUGH JOHN SOLD AND WHO

24:52 - IS THE VISION IS WATCHING THE

24:54 - REPLAY.

24:57 - >>SO YOU HAVE THIS MORNING

24:58 - FIGHT AND THIS DIVERSION GOING

24:59 - ON HERE BECAUSE THE WHOLE

25:00 - PURPOSE OF THIS DIVERSIONARY

25:01 - FLIGHT FROM THE BRITISH POINT

25:02 - OF VIEW IS TO KEEP WASHINGTON'S

25:04 - ARMY IN PLACE. SO THAT THERE'S

25:06 - ENOUGH TIME FOR THE 17 MILE

25:07 - FLIGHT MARCH TO TAKE PLACE TO

25:09 - GET BEHIND WASHINGTON'S REAR.

25:10 - AND SO. THROUGHOUT THE DAY,

25:12 - THERE'S REPORTS OF THIS

25:13 - FLANKING COM COMING IN AND

25:15 - WASHINGTON WILL BE KIND AND

25:18 - SAYING JUST MISS INTERPRETS

25:20 - THEM. HE DOESN'T DO A GOOD JOB

25:22 - AT THIS. THE SURGING THE

25:24 - SOURCES OF THE INFORMATION AND

25:26 - WHAT THE SOURCES ARE ACTUALLY

25:27 - SAYING. AND SO HE.

25:30 - DOES IT MAKE THE RIGHT

25:30 - DECISIONS ABOUT WHETHER OR NOT

25:32 - WHETHER OR NOT TO DEAL WITH

25:33 - THE SUPPOSED PLANKING CALL?

25:36 - >>IF YOU READ SOME OF THIS

25:37 - REPORT COMES FROM THE STAFF

25:39 - REPORT WASHINGTON LATE IN THE

25:41 - MORNING. HE WAS REALLY UPSET

25:43 - MAD. AND SO WHY CAN SOMEBODY

25:45 - TELL ME WHERE THE BRITISH ARMY

25:46 - IS? IT WAS NOT LIKE HE WAS

25:49 - UNAWARE THAT THERE WAS A

25:50 - POSSIBLE FLANKING MOVEMENT AND

25:52 - THE FOG WORST, THOUGH, THAT

25:53 - HOW DID?

25:55 - >>AND AS MIKE SAID, THE REPORT

25:57 - HE WAS GETTING IN SOME WORK

25:59 - KIND OF NEBULOUS ONE TIMES AND

26:02 - WAS TOUGH TO KIND OF PIECE OF

26:03 - PIECE IT ALL TOGETHER. IT

26:05 - WASN'T LIKE PORTION CAN WAS

26:07 - TOTALLY UNAWARE. HE JUST DID

26:08 - NOT HAVE THE SOLID INFORMATION

26:10 - TO.

26:11 - >>THE ACT YEAH. LIKE WHERE, FOR

26:14 - EXAMPLE, ONE MINUTE HE WOULD

26:15 - GET A REPORT SKY MOSES. HASAN,

26:19 - WHO WAS A COLONEL WATCHING

26:21 - THEM. THE FAR RIGHT FLANK OF

26:23 - THE AMERICAN ARMY UP AT

26:24 - BUFFINGTON SPORT.

26:25 - AND HE REPORTS THAT THIS COME

26:27 - THE SPIKE IN COMES OUT THERE ON

26:28 - THE OTHER SIDE OF THE RIVER

26:30 - MAYS HAYES AND, YOU KNOW, CUT A

26:31 - LINE OFFICERS. I'M ALICIA

26:32 - OFFICER FOR A BRITISH ARMY

26:34 - OFFICER ACTUALLY FORTON AND THE

26:36 - PRESSURE ANYMORE UP IN CANADA

26:37 - FOR THE

26:37 - BRITISH ARMY.

26:39 - >>AND SO THIS IS A GUY THAT

26:40 - THEY SHOULD HAVE LISTENED TO.

26:41 - AND BASED ON THAT REPORT AND

26:43 - SOME OTHERS, WASHINGTON

26:44 - ACTUALLY ORDERS IN US ALL DOWN

26:46 - HERE AT FORT BECAUSE THE THEORY

26:49 - GOES WITH THIS WHITE MARCH.

26:50 - IS THIS HAPPENING? THAT MEANS

26:52 - THAT PAIR FOR MAYBE LESS THAN

26:53 - HALF THE BRITISH ARMY'S ON THE

26:54 - OTHER SIDE. THE RIVER, MAYBE I

26:56 - CAN ATTACK ACROSS THE RIVER

26:57 - AND KNOCK OUT HALF THE BRITISH

26:59 - ARMY. SO THEY ACTUALLY SOME

27:01 - UNITS START TO ACTUALLY CROSS

27:02 - OVER THE RIVER AND BIG IN THIS.

27:05 - SO COME UP, HOUSING DOWN HERE.

27:08 - BUT JUST AS THAT OF FOLKS

27:09 - GETTING UNDERWAY, ANOTHER ONE

27:10 - OF THESE REPORTS COMES IN FROM

27:11 - THE MOISTURE OFFICER SPEAR

27:14 - MAJOR SPEAR AND SPEAR SAYS THAT

27:16 - HE RODE FROM A MARSHALL PLAN,

27:19 - WHICH IS WAY UP IN BETWEEN THE

27:21 - 2 FORKS OF THE 2 BRANCHES, A

27:22 - BRAND NEW ONE ALL THE WAY DOWN

27:24 - THE WELL JUST COVER, WHICH IS

27:25 - AGAIN, WE'RE LONG REGARDED THIS

27:26 - AND BACK TO THE CHANCE FOR YOU

27:27 - TO FIND ANYBODY. THERE'S A LOT

27:30 - OF ISSUES WITH THAT REPORT AND

27:32 - WASHINGTON NOW PANIC BECAUSE

27:34 - IF THAT REPORT IS TRUE, HE SAID

27:36 - THAT HIS GUYS OVER TO FIGHT THE

27:37 - WHOLE BRITISH ARMY. THEY'RE

27:39 - GETTING CAUGHT IN THE RIVER.

27:40 - AND SO ALL THIS CONTRADICTORY

27:42 - INTELLIGENCE, WE CHANGE IN THE

27:44 - PLAN THROUGHOUT THAT THAT.

27:45 - THAT'S BECAUSE OFFICERS SAW

27:47 - HER. NOW WASHINGTON WAS A

27:49 - PHRASE LIKELY, AS MIKE SAID,

27:50 - AND HE WAS REALLY AFRAID THAT

27:52 - IT WAS ANOTHER.

27:53 - >>BOY, BYE, HOW TO GET HIM OUT

27:55 - OF HIS DEFENSES AND HOW REALLY

27:57 - DIDN'T GO THAT FAR. AND HE'S

27:58 - WAITING FOR WASHINGTON TO MOVE

28:00 - MOVED ACROSS FROM HIS DEFENSIVE

28:02 - POSITION.

28:03 - >>IS THIS A REFLECTION ON

28:04 - WASHINGTON'S CAPABILITY AS A

28:06 - COMMANDER OR JUST THE REALITIES

28:08 - OF 18 TH-CENTURY INTELLIGENCE

28:10 - GATHERING I THINK IT'S MORE.

28:12 - YEAH. A REFLECTION ON UNTRAINED

28:14 - ARMY AS WE SAID EARLIER IS THE

28:18 - WAS NEW. THEY HADN'T HAD MUCH

28:19 - OF EXPERIENCE.

28:21 - >>AND I THINK IT WAS MORE THAT

28:23 - AND THEN ANYTHING. WE GET A

28:25 - LITTLE BIT OF BOTH SOMEWHAT

28:28 - >>COMMUNICATIONS, HUGE ISSUE

28:30 - TAKES, YOU KNOW, THERE'S NO

28:30 - RADIOS. THERE'S NO GREEN EVEN

28:32 - TELEGRAPH. SO TO GET ANY

28:34 - CONFIRMATION BACK AND FORTH

28:35 - FROM LONG DISTANCES. I MEAN,

28:36 - WE'RE TALKING ABOUT WELL,

28:38 - SEVERAL MILE FROM HERE. IT'S

28:39 - ALL GUYS ON HORSEBACK AND

28:41 - SOMETIMES IT'S VERBAL AND AND A

28:42 - VERBAL MESSAGE CAN GET MIXED UP

28:44 - IN THE IN THE TRANSLATION.

28:46 - BUT THEN, YOU KNOW, SOME OF IT

28:47 - IS THIS IS WASHINGTON DOESN'T

28:50 - ALWAYS MAKE THE BEST DECISION

28:51 - ON ABOUT THE MEMBER. HE ONLY

28:52 - WINS PLACE. WE WANT TO TRY TO

28:54 - PRINCETON BY HIMSELF AND HE

28:55 - LEFT YORK AND THE FRENCH POLICE

28:57 - INVOLVED. YOU KNOW, HE LOST

28:59 - EVERYWHERE ELSE SO MUCH.

29:00 - YOU KNOW, WASHINGTON'S

29:01 - AGREEMENT WITH ME WRONG.

29:02 - WELL, HE'S NOT THE BEST

29:04 - BATTLEFIELD. GENERAL.

29:06 - JUST THROWING IT OUT THERE.

29:07 - I AGREE. DIDN'T WIN VERY MANY.

29:09 - WHAT HE WAS WAS A SUPREME.

29:12 - >>THE HEATER THAT KEPT THE ARMY

29:13 - TOGETHER AND THAT'S REALLY

29:18 - >>SO HE'S GOT SOME BAD

29:18 - INFORMATION TO MAKE SOME

29:20 - QUESTIONABLE DECISIONS. HOW

29:22 - DOES HE PAY PRICE FOR THAT?

29:26 - >>I'M GOING TO START TO GET ALL

29:28 - THE WAY I MAYBE JUST FILL

29:30 - THERE. IT WAS ONE OF THE

29:31 - BRITISH OFFICERS REPORTS HOUR

29:33 - AND A STERN OPERATE WHERE I

29:34 - READ IT. THEY BASICALLY SAID IF

29:36 - THEY HAD ANOTHER HOUR OR 2,

29:38 - THEY LIKELY WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN

29:39 - IN GEORGE WASHINGTON'S ARMY

29:41 - LEFT THAT THE FLANKING MOVEMENT

29:43 - REALLY WORKED THE DINNER OUT

29:45 - AND A RETREAT AND VICE VERSA

29:48 - ANOTHER HOUR, THE OTHER WAY,

29:49 - IF.

29:50 - >>THE FINAL REPORT.

29:53 - KIND OF COMES IN TO CONFIRM

29:54 - EVERYTHING A 5TH SEED OR PLANT

29:57 - IS A VIRGINIA COUNTY OFFICER

29:59 - RIDES UP NORTH AFTER ALL THESE

30:01 - NEFARIOUS REPORTS COMMITTEE

30:03 - FINALLY SEND THIS GUY UP AND

30:04 - FIND OUT WHAT'S GOING ON AT

30:05 - ABOUT ONE 15 THAT THEY GET A

30:07 - REPORT RELEASED. THAT'S WHEN

30:08 - THE REPORT WAS WRITTEN THAT,

30:10 - HEY, BY THE WAY, I FOUND THEM

30:12 - IN YOUR THERE BEHIND YOUR RIGHT

30:13 - REAR AND THERE. YOU KNOW,

30:14 - THEY'RE THEY'RE LINING UP FOR

30:15 - THE FIGHT. AND SO BASED ON THAT

30:17 - REPORT, THEY RUSHED 3

30:19 - DIVISIONS. I'M A FEW MILES

30:21 - NORTH TO TRY TO BLOCK JUST LIKE

30:23 - MEN OVER. NOW. MY POINT IS IF

30:25 - THEY HAD FOUND OUT AN HOUR

30:27 - EARLIER AND GIVEN TIME FOR ALL

30:28 - 3 OF THOSE DIVISIONS TO GET

30:30 - FULLY EMPLOYED, IT COULD HAVE

30:32 - GONE DIFFERENTLY. THEY JUST

30:33 - DIDN'T QUITE HAVE ENOUGH TIME

30:35 - TO GET FULLY ESTABLISHED IN

30:37 - PLACE WITH ALL THEIR ARTILLERY

30:38 - TO STOP THE ASSAULT THAT WAS

30:40 - COMING AND THEY GET SWEPT OFF

30:41 - THE HILL. AND THEN IT TURNS FOR

30:44 - THE BRITISH WHERE THEY WISH

30:45 - THEY HAD ONE MORE HOUR. THE

30:47 - >>CAN WE TALK ABOUT HOW THE

30:48 - BATTLE COMES TO ITS ITS HEAD?

30:51 - WELL, BASICALLY, IT'S COLD, BUT

30:52 - I'M SAYING SO THEY GET THIS

30:53 - REPORT. AND SO BY BY 2 O'CLOCK,

30:55 - THAT REPORT IS COMING IN THE

30:57 - WASHING THEM. AND SO HE ORDERS

30:59 - ADAM STEPHEN LORD STIRLING AND

31:01 - JOHN SULLIVAN TO TAKE THEIR

31:02 - 3 DIVISIONS.

31:04 - ON THIS MARCH TO THE AND I JUST

31:06 - THOUGHT COME, I THINK IT'S

31:07 - ABOUT.

31:08 - >>3 MILES O 2 AND A HALF OF

31:09 - THAT 2 AND A HALF. MAYBE I'M

31:11 - KIND OF GUESSING ABOUT MAN,

31:12 - BUT THEY HAVE TO GET FROM DOWN

31:13 - HERE. CHAT SUPPORT BASICALLY TO

31:16 - THE NORTH EAST TO BIRMINGHAM

31:18 - HILL, INTO A BLOCKING POSITION

31:20 - FOR THE BOOK FROM THE BRITISH,

31:21 - WHICH ARE A MILE AWAY ON

31:22 - OSBORNE TO FURTHER ANOTHER MILE

31:24 - NORTH TAKING A BREAK AFTER

31:25 - THEIR LONG MARCH. BUT THEY'RE

31:27 - JUST NOT QUITE ENOUGH TIME TO

31:30 - GET THERE BEFORE. THEY WANT TO

31:31 - FOLLOW UP ON ONE PILL TO THE

31:33 - DIVISIONS. PRETTY MUCH TO GET

31:34 - IN PLACE. IT'S JOHN SULLIVAN IS

31:36 - THE VISION. IT'S STILL IN THE

31:37 - MIDDLE OF MOVING WHEN THEY GET

31:39 - HIT BY THE U.S. ALL INTO ONE

31:40 - WHOLE DIVISION GETS TAKEN OUT

31:42 - BEFORE THE BATTLE WERE

31:43 - HOMELESS. EVEN START.

31:45 - AND THAT JUST SORT OF

31:46 - PROGRESSIVE FROM THERE BECAUSE

31:47 - JUST HEAVILY OUTNUMBERED UP

31:48 - THERE. THAT POINT.

31:50 - >>YOU ALSO THE WHEN THAT WAS

31:54 - HAPPENING, THE ORDERS FOR

31:55 - TONIGHT 1001, WHEN YOU HEAR US

31:58 - CHARGING BACK UP OFF THE ICE

31:59 - FOR HILL TO AFFORD THE BRANDT

32:02 - BRANDYWINE AND PUSH GET HIM

32:04 - INTO A VICE AND I'M ACTUALLY

32:08 - WEIGHING WAS IN CHARGE HERE,

32:10 - ANTHONY WAYNE AND HAD HIM

32:11 - PRETTY WELL. BUT EVENTUALLY

32:13 - THERE WERE THERE WAS A BRITISH

32:15 - DIVISION THAT CAME IN WAS

32:16 - FLYING CAN PRETTY WELL

32:17 - DESTROYED THAT DEFENSE AND HE

32:19 - WAS PUSHED OFF THE BRANDYWINE

32:21 - AND RETREAT WAS ON FROM THERE.

32:24 - >>BOTH OF YOU HAVE WRITTEN THE

32:25 - BOOK ON BRAND NEW ONE. ARE

32:27 - THERE ANY PART OF THIS BATTLE

32:28 - YOU FIND PARTICULARLY

32:29 - COMPELLING ON YOUR END? I

32:30 - REALLY ALWAYS BEEN INTRIGUED

32:32 - WHAT HAPPENED AT SANDY HOLLOW

32:35 - LATE IN THE AFTERNOON. REALLY

32:36 - THE LAST

32:37 - THE FENCE

32:39 - >>THE AMERICANS WITH GENERAL

32:41 - GREEN UP THERE. YOU HAD THE

32:43 - BRITISH COMING OFF WAS BORN

32:44 - HILL. MICHAEL SAID SOLEMN

32:49 - TROOPS REALLY PEA PUREE AND

32:52 - THAT'S WHERE JOHN MARSHALL'S

32:53 - FATHER, CURT VIRGINIA, HELPS

32:55 - THEM A LITTLE BIT, WAS FOUGHT

32:57 - BACK PAST THE BIRMINGHAM

32:59 - MEETING HOUSE IN BIRMINGHAM WAS

33:01 - USE BOTH AS A HOSPITAL FOR BOTH

33:04 - SIDES DURING THE BATTLE PRETTY

33:06 - STOKED CONTROL AND KEPT PUSHING

33:08 - THE AMERICANS UP TO SANDY

33:10 - HOLLOW THAT SOMEBODY WROTE THAT

33:13 - ONE OF THE LITTLE STREAMS WHERE

33:14 - THE

33:15 - RIVER AM RED WITH BLOOD AND IT

33:17 - WAS CONTESTED PER PER FAIRLY

33:20 - LONG PERIOD OF TIME BACK AND

33:22 - FORTH. AND THAT'S WHERE GREEN

33:24 - AND SOME OF THE OTHERS REALLY

33:25 - KIND OF IT STOPPED. IT WAS ALSO

33:28 - CLOSE TO WHERE WAFF YET WAS

33:30 - WOUNDED. AND HE WAS ONE OF JUST

33:32 - ACROSS THE ROAD FROM WHERE

33:34 - SANDY HOLLOW IS AT THE MOMENT.

33:36 - BUT IT WAS REALLY A TESTAMENT.

33:38 - I THINK THAT REALLY WASHINGTON

33:41 - TO ESCAPE HIS ARMY TO ESCAPE

33:42 - WHAT HAPPENED AT SANDY. ALL.

33:46 - >>YEAH. AND

33:49 - THAT POSITION ON BIRMINGHAM

33:50 - HILL AND AROUND CITY HALL

33:51 - COLLAPSES. YOU BASICALLY HAVE.

33:54 - THIS PELL MELL RUN ACROSS THE

33:56 - FARM FIELD BY THE REMNANTS OF

33:58 - THE 3 DIVISIONS THAT FOG UP

33:59 - THERE RETREATING CELL. WHAT WAS

34:02 - THEN THE WILMINGTON PIKE

34:04 - THROUGH THE BILL THAT BILL WERE

34:05 - FROM THE FARMS AROUND THE

34:06 - WORLD. BUT THEN ULTIMATELY

34:08 - WASHINGTON, YOU KNOW, SHOWS UP

34:10 - ON THE SCENE HE IS RUSSIAN

34:13 - OTHER DIVISION THAT WAS STILL

34:14 - DOWN HERE. CHADDS FORD UP THERE

34:16 - WITH A NEW GREEN DIVISION.

34:17 - WE'RE GOING TO BE KIND OF LAST

34:19 - FRESH DIVISION TO GET IN THE

34:20 - FIGHT AND THEY'RE GOING TO FORM

34:22 - BASICALLY THIS U SHAPE.

34:25 - DEFENSIVE LINE ROUGHLY WHERE

34:28 - MODERN DAY OAKLAND ROAD COMES

34:29 - OUT ON US TO IT, TOO. IT'S KIND

34:32 - OF DEVELOP THAT IT'S KIND OF

34:33 - HARD TO SEE IT. BUT SOME OF THE

34:34 - GROUND STILL THERE. AND WHAT'S

34:36 - SO FASCINATING ABOUT THIS, THIS

34:37 - END OF THE DAY BATTLE IS THAT

34:40 - THE AMERICANS WERE KIND OF ON

34:41 - THE SOUTH SIDE OF A RIDGE.

34:43 - AND THE SUN'S GOING DOWN.

34:45 - IT'S LATE MONDAY. IT'S 6, 6, 30

34:47 - AND THE BRITISH THING. THEY'VE

34:49 - GOT ONE AND THEY'RE NOT GOING

34:50 - TO BE MORE FRESH TROOPS AND

34:51 - THEY JUST GOT GOBBLING UP OR

34:53 - TREATING GUYS. AND WHEN THEY

34:54 - CHRIS, THIS RIDGE AS THE SUN'S

34:56 - GOING DOWN.

34:58 - THERE ARE SO UTTERLY

34:59 - SILHOUETTED AGAINST THE NIGHT

35:00 - THE EVENING SKY AND THEY'RE

35:02 - COURT GETTING FIRED ON FROM

35:04 - 3 SHOTS. I BUY GREEN VISION

35:06 - AND THERE'S PROBABLY SOME OF

35:08 - THE HEAVIEST FIRST COUSINS

35:09 - ABOUT TAKE PLACE AT THIS BLAST.

35:11 - THAT ACTION OF THE PLATE ABOUT

35:13 - 6, 30 AT NIGHT AND GREENS GOING

35:15 - BE ABLE TO HOLD THE ROADS OPEN

35:17 - HAMMON, ANTHONY WING FOR THE

35:18 - ARMY TO RETREAT THE CHESTER

35:19 - THAT NIGHT.

35:21 - >>THE RETREAT IS PRETTY

35:22 - IMPORTANT. THIS BATTLE

35:23 - WASHINGTON'S RETREAT. THAT CAN

35:24 - YOU TALK ABOUT HOW THE

35:25 - CONTINENTALS GOT OUT OF THIS

35:27 - VERY DIFFICULT SITUATION.

35:29 - >>PART OF IT WAS BECAUSE HELL

35:30 - DIDN'T PURSUE HIM. WHEN THEY

35:32 - CHASED HIM A LITTLE BIT DOWN

35:35 - HOUSE CAN TEND TO STAY ON THE

35:37 - BATTLEFIELD AND REGROUP THE

35:39 - ARMY AND THE PURSUIT WAS NOT

35:41 - FIGURE US BY ANY STRETCH OF THE

35:43 - IMAGINATION OF MICHAEL SAID

35:45 - EARLIER THAT I WAS ONE OF THE

35:47 - THINGS THAT HOW WAS CRITICIZED

35:49 - FOR WAS HE DID NOT DO THAT.

35:51 - FOLLOW. SO IT WAS A LITTLE BIT

35:53 - EASIER. WHAT YOU WOULD

35:54 - ANTICIPATE THERE'S A LOT OF

35:57 - FACTORS THAT SOME WHICH I TALK

35:58 - ABOUT IN MY BOOK

36:01 - >>BUT THE WAYNES FOR BURN

36:03 - LITTLE FIGHT DOWN HERE, CHADDS

36:04 - FORD IN A FIGHT WITH NOTHING

36:06 - AGREEMENT. I JUST DESCRIBED.

36:08 - YOU KNOW, I THINK WATCHING HOW

36:09 - AT THAT POINT IT'S STARK.

36:11 - WE STARTED OUR HE'S A LITTLE

36:12 - HESITANT DOZEN OTHER ROAD.

36:14 - TO REALLY GO AFTER THE NOT KNOW

36:16 - WHAT ELSE MIGHT BE OUT THERE.

36:18 - POSTERS, NOT A LOT OF CALVARY

36:20 - WITH THE BRITISH ARMY AND

36:21 - CARRIES YOUR TRADITIONAL

36:23 - PURSUIT FORCE FOR GOBBLING UP A

36:24 - RETREATING ARMY A LOT OF THE

36:26 - BRITISH HORSES WERE LOST DURING

36:28 - THE LONG VOYAGE TO GET HERE.

36:30 - AND SO THROUGHOUT THE CAMPAIGN,

36:31 - THEY'RE TRYING TO REPLENISH

36:32 - THEIR LIVESTOCK, INCLUDING THE

36:33 - WORSE AND A LOT OF THE CALVARY

36:35 - THAT THE THE 5 SQUADRONS OF 60

36:38 - PLATE YOU'RE GOING THERE WITH

36:39 - THE BRITISH ARMY ARE

36:39 - DISMANTLING HAVE HORSE.

36:42 - SO THEY'RE THERE. THEY WERE

36:43 - REAL INABILITY TO PURSUE AND

36:45 - HE'S KIND OF GOT A LACK OF

36:47 - WHERE THE VEHICLE APPROACH TO

36:48 - REALLY STIR IN WASHINGTON.

36:50 - THE ARMY LIKE WE'VE TALKED

36:51 - ABOUT.

36:52 - >>IF HE DOES PURSUE

36:53 - HYPOTHETICALLY AND HE DOES

36:55 - CAPTURE WASHINGTON'S ARMY IS

36:56 - THAT IT IS THE WAR OVER.

36:59 - >>NO, NOT QUITE THE WORLD OVER,

37:01 - BUT IT WOULD.

37:04 - PUT THEY'LL COME TOWARD THE

37:05 - FINAL OUTCOME VERY MUCH.

37:07 - AND BECAUSE HE STARTED GOING TO

37:10 - ARMY. I MEAN, YOU SAW IT ARMY

37:12 - IN THE NORTH WITH PAPER POINT

37:14 - IN THE NEXT COUPLE

37:18 - >>IT WAS VERY UNLIKELY HE WAS

37:19 - GOING TO CAPTURE THE WHOLE

37:20 - ARMY. I DON'T THINK YOU OFF

37:23 - UNIT HERE AND THERE, BUT I

37:25 - DON'T THINK THE WASHINGTON'S

37:27 - ARMY WAS EVER IN ANY IN DANGER

37:29 - OF BEING KIND OF ROUNDED UP

37:30 - THEM. CAN WE HAVE HEARD THE

37:33 - BRUCE RETIREMENT AGE?

37:35 - >>BUT THE SPECIALLY THE

37:35 - FLANKING FOR 70 MILE MARCH ON

37:38 - A LATE SUMMER HUME. IT DAY.

37:41 - THEY'RE IN THERE. THE COUNCIL

37:42 - GUYS DYING FROM HEAT STROKE.

37:45 - AND THEN THEY HAD FOR A FAIRLY

37:46 - INTENSE BATTLE FOR A FEW HOURS

37:49 - THAT, YOU KNOW, THEY WERE IN

37:51 - THE BEST SHAPE FOR PURSUIT.

37:53 - I JUST. I DON'T KNOW IF THAT

37:55 - WHAT IT WAS EVEN POSSIBLE TO

37:57 - REALLY TAKE OUT WASHINGTON'S

37:58 - ARMS. AND THEY'RE KIND OF

38:00 - MENTIONED EARLIER. I THINK THAT

38:01 - JUST ABOUT EVERY TROOP.

38:03 - >>WE'RE ENGAGED IN THE BATTLE.

38:04 - SO WAS MY KIANA FRESH REGIMENT

38:07 - THE SUNDAY AFTER. YEAH.

38:09 - >>WHAT DOES WASHINGTON RIGHT

38:10 - AFTER THE BATTLE? HOW DOES HE

38:11 - ASSESS THE EVENTS?

38:13 - >>PEOPLE IN THE INTELLIGENCE,

38:14 - HIS REPORT THAT NIGHT. BUT THAT

38:16 - MIGHT BE RETREAT. THE CHESTER

38:18 - AND THAT NIGHT, HE WRITES A

38:19 - LETTER TO JOHN HANCOCK SAYS THE

38:21 - PRESIDENT CONGRESS AT THAT TIME

38:22 - AND THE STATE'S RATE IN THE

38:24 - CLEAR THE PAIR FREQUENT ENOUGH

38:25 - AND REMEMBER THE EXACT. BUT

38:27 - THERE ARE REPORTS OF A FLANKING

38:29 - COM. CONTRADICTORY. BASICALLY

38:31 - WHAT HE SAID THAT REMEMBER

38:32 - EXACTLY WHERE THE BOYS

38:34 - INTELLIGENCE FOR LOSING BATTLE.

38:36 - >>I THINK IN THAT SAME REPORT,

38:37 - HE ALSO SAYS AND AGAIN, IT'S

38:39 - BEEN A WHILE SINCE I READ IT

38:40 - THAT THE THAT ITS TROOPS ARE

38:42 - IN GOOD SPIRITS, BUT THEY HAD

38:43 - TO LEAVE THE FIELD TO THE ENEMY

38:47 - VERY MUCH AND DID NOT.

38:49 - LOOKS LIKE IT WAS A BIG

38:50 - DISASTER. STAFF ROAD. YOU JUST

38:54 - SIGNED THE YEAH. THE THE REPORT

38:56 - THAT WENT BACK AND IT'S NOT

38:58 - MANY DAYS LATER THAT THEY'RE

38:59 - READY TO GO

39:01 - >>THE BRITISH ARE GOING TO STAY

39:02 - HERE FOR 5 YOU KNOW, CLEAN UP,

39:05 - LOOK IN THEIR ROOMS, GATHERING

39:06 - SUPPLIES, PULLED IN THE

39:07 - COUNTRYSIDE, WASHINGTON ON THE

39:09 - MOVE FOR 5 DAYS. SO THAT NIGHT

39:11 - THERE IN CHESTER, THE NEXT

39:13 - MORNING, THEY MARCH UP THROUGH

39:15 - DARBY CROSS THE SCHUYLKILL

39:16 - RIVER, ROUGHLY WHERE 30TH

39:17 - STREET STATION IS LIVE FOR AND

39:19 - TRACK. THEN MARCH OUT TO THE

39:21 - BUILDING, BUT WAS THEN A

39:22 - VILLAGE OF GERMAN COUNT.

39:24 - THERE'S BEEN A COUPLE DAYS

39:25 - RECOVERING IN GERMANTOWN AND

39:27 - THEN IT'S ON THEM.

39:32 - REMEMBER TO SEPTEMBER 14 TO 15,

39:34 - JUST A FEW DAYS LATER, THEY

39:36 - MARCHED DOWN IN THE CROSS THE

39:38 - SCHUYLKILL EVERY 4 AND THEN

39:39 - THEY'RE MARCHING INTO THE GREAT

39:40 - VALLEY AND THEY'RE GETTING IN

39:41 - POSITION TO BLOCK THE

39:42 - SCHUYLKILL RIVER FORWARD ON

39:44 - THE SOUTH VALLEY HILLS. AND

39:45 - THAT'S HOW YOU GET ABOUT THE

39:46 - CLOUD ON SEPTEMBER 16, WHICH IS

39:48 - THE SAME DAY THE BRUCE LEE,

39:49 - HER.

39:50 - >>YOU MIGHT ASK, WHY DIDN'T YOU

39:52 - GO DEFEND PHILADELPHIA. BUT AT

39:53 - THAT POINT, HE WAS MUCH MORE

39:54 - INTERESTED IN PROTECTING THE

39:56 - SUPPLY. IS THERE?

40:01 - >>NOW THIS GETS TO MAYBE MAYBE

40:03 - THE HEART OF WASHINGTON'S

40:04 - ENTIRE STRATEGY FOR THE WAR.

40:06 - BUT WOULD YOU CALL BRANDI WANT

40:07 - A MUST-WIN BATTLE FOR

40:09 - WASHINGTON?

40:10 - WELL,

40:10 - >>WE LOST. WE STILL WON THE

40:12 - WAR. SO I GUESS IT WOULDN'T BE

40:13 - A MUST-WIN IS THAT WASN'T A

40:16 - MUST-WIN. IT WAS. I THINK WHAT

40:18 - WAS IMPORTANT WAS FOR SOMETHING

40:19 - AGAIN, EVEN THOUGH AND IF HE

40:21 - KEPT THEIR ARMY TOGETHER AND

40:22 - FOUGHT FOR ANOTHER, THAT IT'S

40:24 - NOT A MUST-WIN. DESPITE WHAT

40:25 - THE BRITISH THOUGHT CAPTION

40:26 - PHILIPPON REALLY MEANT NOTHING.

40:28 - AND THAT'S PROVEN OUT BECAUSE

40:29 - SEPTEMBER. 26, YOU KNOW, A FEW

40:31 - WEEKS AFTER THAT, THEY DO

40:32 - CAPTURE PHILADELPHIA.

40:34 - >>AND THEY OCCUPY FOR 9 MONTHS.

40:35 - AND SO WHAT THEY LEAVE IT THE

40:37 - NEXT SPRING AND GO BACK TO NEW

40:38 - YORK AND MET, YOU KNOW THAT

40:40 - NOTHING CONGRESS LEFT. THEY

40:41 - WERE ABLE TO CONTINUE TO

40:42 - OPERATE IN A DIFFERENT

40:43 - LOCATION, EVENTUALLY END UP IN

40:44 - NEW YORK, PENNSYLVANIA.

40:46 - SO IT WASN'T A MUST-WIN.

40:48 - IT IF MOVING FURTHER AFIELD

40:49 - DIDN'T REALLY MATTER. IT WASN'T

40:52 - >>WHAT DID HOW DO IN

40:53 - PHILADELPHIA?

40:55 - >>HAD THAT THAT YEAH, THAT HE

40:56 - HADN'T SEEN OR HAD UNEXPECTED.

40:59 - I MEAN, CAPTURE THE CITY.

41:00 - THAT SHOULD BE A VICTORY

41:01 - ROUNDLY. BUT IT DOESN'T GO THAT

41:02 - WAY.

41:04 - >>YOU AGAIN, THE CITY WAS A

41:06 - LITTLE BIT LIT. HE CERTAINLY

41:09 - HAD A LOT OF SUPPORT. A LOT

41:10 - OF PEOPLE VERY WELCOMING TO

41:14 - AND YOU KNOW, HE WAS READY TO

41:15 - GO BACK THING ON WHICH HE DID

41:17 - WITHIN A YEAR. AND I THINK YOU

41:19 - JUST

41:21 - TAKE IT EASY RIGHT OUT THE

41:22 - WINNER AND WAS AND CERTAINLY

41:24 - WASN'T YOU KNOW, ATTACKING

41:26 - WASHINGTON AT VALLEY FORGE.

41:28 - YEAH, I THINK.

41:29 - >>I THINK IT'S DISAPPOINTING.

41:30 - HE HAD BEEN GIVEN FALSE HOPE.

41:33 - BICE SOME PROMINENT

41:34 - PENNSYLVANIA BEFORE THEY LEFT

41:35 - NEW YORK, ESPECIALLY DOSE OF

41:36 - GALLOWAY WHO WAS THE FORMER

41:38 - SPEAKER OF THE PEN THING IN

41:39 - SOME WAY.

41:41 - THAT ALL THESE PENNSYLVANIA

41:42 - LOYOLA WOULD RISE UP. TO

41:45 - SUPPORT THE ARMY FIGHT WITH

41:46 - THE ARMY, WHATEVER THE ARMY

41:48 - NEEDED ALL THEY HAD TO DO WITH

41:49 - MARCH IN THE PENNSYLVANIA, WHAT

41:51 - NEVER PLAYED OUT.

41:53 - AND THAT'S A MISCONCEPTION THE

41:55 - BRITISH HAD THROUGHOUT THE WERE

41:56 - THEY? YOU KNOW, WHEN THEY SHIFT

41:58 - THE CUT, THERE THE THE WORK TO

41:59 - THE SOUTH IN 17, 79, 17, 80.

42:03 - THERE WAS A HOPE THAT THERE BE

42:04 - THIS MASSIVE OIL SURPRISING IN

42:06 - THE SOUTH WHO WOULD NEVER

42:07 - HAPPEN. AND SO THE CONTINUE TO

42:09 - OPERATE THROUGHOUT THE WORLD.

42:10 - THIS MISNOMER THAT IT WAS ALL

42:11 - THESE LOYAL.

42:14 - CITIZENS JUST WAITING FOR THE

42:16 - ARMY TO SHOW UP. AND SO I THINK

42:18 - HE WAS KIND OF DISCUSS THAT

42:19 - WHEN THAT DOESN'T HAPPEN.

42:20 - THAT'S ONE OF THE REASONS HE

42:21 - RESIGNED AND HE RETURNS IN THE

42:23 - SPRING TO LONDON IS NOT THE

42:25 - WEATHER AFTER THAT.

42:27 - >>IF YOU GO A LITTLE BIT NORTH

42:29 - AND YOU SEE WHAT HAPPENS AT

42:30 - SARATOGA, THAT'S A BIG VICTORY.

42:31 - WASHINGTON DOESN'T HAVE MANY TO

42:33 - SPEAK OUT. IS THERE EVER ANY

42:34 - CENTER RUMBLINGS THAT MAYBE

42:35 - WASHINGTON IS THE WRONG GUY TO

42:37 - BE LEADING THIS HARVEST?

42:39 - >>OF COURSE, HE HAD THIS

42:40 - TENSION WITHIN THE AMERICAN

42:42 - OFFICERS AND SEVERAL TIMES THEY

42:45 - TRIED OVER THROWING AND REALLY

42:47 - I THINK WASHINGTON WAS THE

42:49 - RIGHT GUY. IF THERE MIGHT HAVE

42:50 - BEEN A COUPLE OTHER, MAYBE A

42:51 - LITTLE BIT BETTER WITH MILITARY

42:53 - BACKGROUND. BUT I DON'T KNOW

42:55 - ANYONE THAT I'VE EVER READ

42:56 - ABOUT THAT. I REALLY THOUGHT

42:58 - THAT WAS THE HEAD OF THE ARMY,

42:59 - KEPT IT TOGETHER FOR THE WHOLE

43:00 - DURATION.

43:01 - >>WELL, ONE OF THE IMPORTANT

43:02 - THINGS ABOUT THAT I ARE DUE AT

43:04 - THE END. YOU KNOW, MY WORK ONCE

43:06 - IS THAT SARATOGA.

43:08 - YOU CAN ARGUE THAT THAT VICTORY

43:10 - HAPPENS FOR THE AMERICANS

43:11 - BECAUSE HOUSE ARMY IS MARCHING

43:13 - NORTH.

43:14 - AND WHY IS IT HOW SMARMY

43:16 - WATCHING NORTH? IT'S DOWN HERE

43:17 - ON THIS MISGUIDED ATTEMPT TO

43:19 - GET COFFEE, WHICH WE DO.

43:21 - WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? IS THE

43:23 - TIDE UP ALMOST HALF THE

43:24 - AVAILABLE BRITISH FORCE IN

43:26 - NORTH AMERICA ON A MISGUIDED

43:29 - JOURNEY AND IT ALL COME UTLEY.

43:31 - I APPEAL ULTIMATELY LED TO THE

43:33 - CAPTURE OF THE BRITISH ARMY

43:34 - AT SARATOGA AND SO SARATOGA

43:36 - LEAD TO THE FRENCH ALLIANCE.

43:38 - FRENCH ALLIANCE WITH THE

43:39 - VICTORY.

43:40 - >>ACTUALLY, THE WAY I PUT IT

43:41 - AND BUT I SAY THE SAME THING

43:43 - HERE IS THAT, YOU KNOW, THE

43:45 - BRITISH DID EVERYTHING RIGHT

43:46 - HERE FOR A NEW ONE, EXCEPT THEY

43:48 - SHOULD HAVE BEEN HERE FOR A

43:51 - THAT'S THE WAY GREW, IT.

43:54 - >>WHEN YOU LOOK AT BRANDYWINE

43:56 - IN CONTEXT OF ALL OF THE WAR.

43:58 - WHAT SHOULD WE SAY? THE LEGACY

44:00 - IS WHAT SHOULD BE THE TAKEAWAY?

44:02 - >>YOU KNOW, I THINK IT'S 2

44:04 - THINGS I'VE KIND OF MENTIONED

44:05 - IT BEFORE. WAS THAT PERSON CAN

44:07 - SURVIVE. HE KEPT THE TOGETHER.

44:09 - >>THERE THERE WAS SOME SPIRIT

44:11 - COMING RIGHT OUT, AT LEAST LATE

44:12 - IN THE STOOD AND FOUGHT THE

44:14 - BRITISH. BUT I THINK THE REAL

44:16 - LASTING LEGACY IS THERE HAS TO

44:19 - BE LAFAYETTE, WHERE YOU HAD

44:20 - THIS 18, 19 YEAR OLD. WE

44:23 - GENERAL HERE, FRANCE AND

44:25 - WANTING HERE, YOU SHOULD BLOOD.

44:27 - AND THEN FROM THERE ON THAT LED

44:30 - TO THE FRANCE'S RECOGNITION.

44:32 - >>YEAH. AND IN SOME WAYS IT'S A

44:34 - IT'S A TURNING POINT. BECAUSE

44:36 - REMEMBER, WE TALKED ABOUT THAT.

44:37 - THESE WERE ALL KNEW A LOT OF

44:39 - THE GUYS. WE KNEW THE ARMY

44:40 - THERE ARE THERE IN THE

44:41 - TRANSITION PERIOD. THEN GOING

44:42 - THROUGH THE TRAINING AT VALLEY

44:43 - FORGE AND THE FACT THAT DESPITE

44:46 - A LOSS HERE AND DESPITE THE

44:48 - OTHER 1000 CAMPAIGN LIKE GERMAN

44:50 - POW.

44:52 - THE ARMY DID NOT FIGHT THAT THE

44:54 - ACTUAL TROOPS THEM NOT QUITE

44:55 - THAT BAD. THEY JUST DIDN'T GET

44:57 - PUT IN THE RIGHT POSITIONS AT

44:58 - THE RIGHT TIME AND SO I THINK

45:00 - IT WAS A BRIGHT SPOT FOR THE

45:02 - FUTURE, THE ARMY AND WHAT

45:03 - THEY'RE GOING TO DO LATER,

45:04 - PLACES LIKE MIAMI AND IN THE

45:05 - SOUTHERN CAMPAIGN AFTER THEY'VE

45:07 - HAD THE FORMAL TRAINING AT

45:08 - VALLEY FORGE.

45:09 - >>IF SOMEONE WERE TO VISIT OR

45:11 - BEING ARRESTED AND BRANDYWINE

45:12 - IS A BATTLE. WHAT ARE SOME OF

45:13 - THE SITES THEY CAN VISIT AND

45:14 - SEE HERE IN CHESTER COUNTY?

45:17 - >>WELL, I THINK I KNEW, OF

45:19 - COURSE, THE STATE HAS A STATE

45:21 - PARK JUST DOWN THE ROAD.

45:22 - BUT I'M ALWAYS MORE INTRIGUE

45:24 - THAN WHEN I'M ASKED TO THE KIND

45:26 - OF GUY AROUND. BUT, YOU KNOW,

45:27 - START OUT BY LONGWOOD GARDENS

45:29 - IN THE KIND OF MEETING HOUSE

45:30 - AND SHOW WHERE THEY STARTED IN

45:33 - THEN HEAD DOWN TO BIRMINGHAM,

45:35 - MEETING HOUSE, ONE OF THE

45:36 - DEFICIENCIES HERE IS THAT YOU

45:38 - HAVE ROYAL ROADS AND IT'S IT'S

45:40 - SOMETIMES HARD TO STOP. BUT YOU

45:42 - CAN STOP AND LOOK AT WAS BORN

45:44 - HILL FROM THE MEETING HOUSE AND

45:46 - GO BACK TO SANDY THERE'S REALLY

45:50 - INTERESTING PLACES AND I THINK

45:52 - PEOPLE WELL THAT TO COME AND

45:55 - VISIT YOU KNOW, THERE'S

45:57 - THERE'S, YOU KNOW.

45:58 - WE STILL DRIVING TOUR MAPS UP.

46:00 - BUT, YOU KNOW, THE STATE ROUTE

46:03 - YOU KIND OF HIT THE HIGHLIGHT

46:04 - PLACE. YEAH, THE CHILD HOUSE,

46:05 - THE CHANCE FOR THE WAR.

46:08 - >>WASHINGTON CAME UNDER

46:09 - ARTILLERY FIRE IN THE ART OF

46:10 - THAT. HOW I MEAN, THEY'RE NOT

46:12 - ALL UNDER THE SAME ENTITY, BUT

46:13 - THERE ARE PLACES OUT THERE THAT

46:14 - ASSOCIATE WITH THE BOW YOU CAN

46:15 - VISIT, THE SMALL CAN TRAILS

46:17 - UP IN BIRMINGHAM, HELEN SANDY,

46:19 - HOW SO THERE ARE SPOT. AND IF

46:22 - YOU'RE REALLY GOOD SHAPE PEOPLE

46:23 - ON THE WHOLE POINT IN MARCH.

46:25 - AND SO YOU CAN ACTUALLY DO

46:27 - THAT. YOU CAN KAYAK TO

46:28 - BRANDYWINE, WHICH I RECOMMEND

46:30 - SOME WAYS. IT'S THE ONLY WAY

46:31 - TO SEE.

46:32 - >>WHERE SOME OF THESE FOR THE

46:33 - WORK OF SOMEONE OR ANY ROADS

46:34 - LEADING TO MANY MORE.

46:36 - >>WHICH IS A LOVELY DOWN THE

46:37 - RIVER, ON A HOT DAY.

46:41 - >>CAN YOU TALK ABOUT SOME OF

46:42 - YOUR RESEARCH? I'M SURE RIGHT.

46:44 - I ALWAYS THOUGHT WHEN I STARTED

46:46 - THE BOOK IN MY BOOK STARTED

46:48 - WHEN I.

46:49 - WON AN AUCTION OF OLD

46:51 - NEWSPAPERS IN US A FIRSTHAND

46:52 - ACCOUNT SOMEBODY WROTE WITH

46:54 - PLUS KING IN WASHINGTON HERE

46:56 - AND THEN I DISCOVERED THERE WAS

46:57 - NOT A BOOK ON THE BATTLE, THE

46:59 - BRAND NEW ONE WHICH I THOUGHT

47:00 - WAS A BIG OVERSIGHT.

47:03 - I KNEW BRINGING WIND DID NOT

47:05 - GET THE RECOGNITION THAT REALLY

47:07 - DESERVE IT AT THE TIME. AND I

47:09 - THINK I FINALLY FIGURED OUT

47:11 - IT'S BEEN A COUPLE WEEKS IN

47:12 - LONDON WITH THE PUBLIC RECORDS

47:13 - OFFICE AND THE BRITISH ARMY

47:15 - MUSEUM. AND WHEN I WENT TO THE

47:17 - PUBLIC RECORDS OFFICE LIKE

47:19 - THEIR NATIONAL ARCHIVES.

47:20 - I SAID I'M HERE TOO. DO SOME

47:22 - RESEARCH ON THE AMERICAN

47:23 - REVOLUTION. AND THEY SAID, YES,

47:25 - YES, WE'VE HEARD OF THAT AND

47:26 - PRETTY MUCH THAT TONE. AND THEN

47:28 - I SAID SPECIFICALLY BRANDYWINE

47:30 - AND I GOT KIND OF, YOU KNOW,

47:32 - LIKE LOOKS THAT, YOU KNOW, THIS

47:34 - WAS A BIG BRITISH VICTORY THAT

47:36 - THEY DID NOT.

47:39 - REALLY KNOW THAT MUCH. AND AND

47:41 - FRANKLY, OF AMERICAN

47:42 - REVOLUTIONS ALMOST A MONTH OVER

47:43 - THERE IN THEIR HISTORY. ANYWAY.

47:45 - AND THE MORE AS I DID THE

47:47 - RESEARCH, I THINK THE REASON

47:48 - WAS THE PRETTIEST, BIG

47:50 - VICTORIES HERE, BUT THEY LOST

47:51 - THE WAR SO THEY DON'T TALK

47:52 - ABOUT IT. AND THIS WAS THE AND

47:55 - NOT GEORGE WASHINGTON'S

47:56 - FAVORITE BATTLE. YOU NOW

47:58 - PLAYING THAT LONG ISLAND AND

48:00 - OTHER PLACES. AND FRANKLY, HE

48:01 - JUST HE JUST DID NOT TALK MUCH

48:03 - ABOUT GRAINY ONE AFTERWARDS.

48:04 - SO, YOU KNOW, THE VICTORS, THE

48:06 - BATTLE NOT TALKING ABOUT IT.

48:07 - AND, YOU KNOW, THE VICTORS, THE

48:08 - WE'RE NOT TALKING ABOUT IT.

48:10 - AND I YOU KNOW, I I THINK AT

48:11 - SWIPE OR ANYONE SOMETIMES IS

48:13 - UNDER REPORTED. IT HAD BEEN.

48:16 - I AGREE. AND THIS THING I FOUND

48:19 - THAT I JUST A THEORY, IT SEEMS

48:21 - LIKE THE BATTLES THAT HAVE

48:23 - NEVER WRITTEN A LOT ABOUT.

48:24 - >>WE'RE NOT JUST AFTER THE WAR,

48:26 - BUT THROUGH THE 18, 100'S

48:28 - ALTERNATELY BECAME NATIONAL

48:29 - PARKS.

48:30 - SARATOGA YORKTOWN KAL PENN'S

48:34 - KINGS MOUNTAIN. THEY'RE ALL

48:35 - NATIONAL PARK SERVICE SITE WITH

48:37 - ALL THESE BATTLEFIELDS THAT A

48:39 - LOT OF PEOPLE DIDN'T TALK A

48:40 - LOT ABOUT IN THE 1800.

48:42 - >>DIDN'T GET SAVED IN THE SAME

48:44 - WAY THAT THE BIG NATIONAL PARKS

48:45 - THAT SO

48:46 - >>BRANDYWINE MONMOUTH, TRENTON,

48:49 - PRINCETON GOT VERY LITTLE LAND

48:51 - SAY THAN SO. YOU KNOW, HAVE A

48:53 - LOT OF LAND ASSOCIATE WITH

48:54 - PEOPLE WHO VISIT. IT WILL BE

48:56 - A LOT OF PEOPLE WRITING ABOUT

48:57 - IT. LIKE BRUCE. SURE. A LOT

48:59 - OF TIME. I SPENT A LOT OF TIME.

49:01 - DOES YOUR LIBRARIES AND

49:03 - ARCHIVES LOOK AT MIKE OR FILM?

49:07 - BUT ONE THING I CAN TAKE THE

49:08 - CREDIT FOR FINDING ACTUALLY

49:09 - SOMETHING ELSE THAT WELL, ONE

49:11 - THING THAT WAS DISCOVERED SINCE

49:12 - YOUR BOOK CAME OUT WAS A

49:14 - BRITISH ENGINEERS. OFFICERS

49:16 - ARCHIBALD ROBERTSON, PART OF

49:18 - THE QUEEN'S PERSONAL MAP

49:19 - COLLECTION IN WINDSOR CASTLE.

49:22 - AND IT'S IT'S LITERALLY MIXED

49:23 - IN WITH ALL HER ALL THE

49:24 - COLONIAL ERA MAPS.

49:26 - SO THERE'S LIKE ALL THESE MAPS

49:27 - OF LIKE NEW JERSEY'S BOUNDARIES

49:29 - IN PENNSYLVANIA, BOUNDARIES

49:30 - AND MIXED IN WITH THIS IS THE

49:32 - SKIES.

49:33 - WATER COLOR MAP OF THE BATTLE

49:35 - OF BRANDYWINE. NOW, ROBERTSON

49:37 - WAS. I'M AN ENGINEER, OFFICER

49:39 - IN-HOUSE STAFF HERE. AND WE

49:41 - MENTIONED AT THE BREAK, STAY

49:42 - HERE FOR 5 DAYS AT THE BATTLE

49:43 - SOMETIME DURING THAT FIVE-DAY

49:45 - PERIOD, ROBERTSON CREATED THIS

49:47 - THIS BEAUTIFUL MAP AND IT WAS

49:49 - JUST BEAUTIFUL. THE PIECE OF

49:50 - ARTWORK. BUT IT'S INCREDIBLY

49:52 - DETAILED AND IT'S 500 FEET

49:53 - AGAIN. AND YOU CAN LAY OVER A

49:55 - MODERN ROAD MAP ON THE ROAD

49:57 - MATCH. I MEAN, THAT'S HOW

49:59 - ACCURATE IS. BUT IT SHOWS EVERY

50:00 - FENCE LINE WORLD, YOUR TROOPS

50:02 - WERE WHERE THE HOUSES AND BARNS

50:03 - AND OUTBUILDINGS WHERE WHERE

50:05 - WHERE IT WAS, WHAT IT WHAT WAS

50:06 - IT, WHAT IT AND SO WHEN I WAS I

50:08 - LITERALLY HAD THIS THING POSTED

50:09 - ON A PACE TO MY WALL. IF THERE

50:11 - ARE PAPER, VERY EXPENSIVE COPY

50:13 - OF IT FOR WINDSOR CASTLE AS I

50:17 - WAS RIGHT, IT WAS THEIR SECOND

50:18 - CONSTANTLY REFER TO IT. IF

50:20 - THERE'S SOME NUANCE OF 3, WHY

50:21 - DID THEY SEE THAT LOOK, HE'S

50:23 - GOT ALL THAT RAIN CREATURES

50:25 - AND SO IT WAS EXCEPTIONALLY

50:26 - INVALUABLE.

50:28 - OPERATE MY BOOK AND THE MAPS

50:30 - THAT I CREATE FOR THE BOOKS

50:31 - WERE CREATED BASED OFF OF THAT.

50:32 - MATT.

50:34 - WHEN MICHAEL MADE A GOOD POINT

50:35 - ABOUT THE PARKS AND EVERYTHING

50:38 - THAT BRANDYWINE STATE PARK I

50:40 - DON'T THINK WAS.

50:41 - >>EVEN ESTABLISHED TO THE MID

50:44 - I-40 AND I ALREADY HAVE THINK

50:46 - 40 OR 50 WAS IN THAT AREA IN

50:48 - THAT AREA IN THAT AREA. YOU

50:50 - KNOW, BEFORE THAT CAN HAPPEN

50:52 - IN CHRIS ANDERSON OR LOCAL

50:53 - CHARACTER WHO SAVED EVERYTHING

50:55 - USED TO LIVE ON THE BATTLEFIELD

50:57 - HIMSELF. THERE'S A CHRIS

50:58 - ANDERSON MUSEUM THERE. BUT THAT

51:01 - HE WAS REALLY

51:02 - ONE THAT THE COLLECTIVE AND

51:04 - TALKED ABOUT IT TO THAT POINT.

51:05 - SO EVEN THE STATE OF

51:06 - PENNSYLVANIA DIDN'T GET INTO IT

51:08 - TO THEM. IT 20TH CENTURY.

51:10 - AND THERE'S THIS WEIRD THEORY.

51:12 - FROM ABOUT. EARLY 19, 100'S ON.

51:16 - >>THAT, YOU KNOW, WE'RE NOT

51:17 - KNOWABLE FARMS. WE DON'T NEED

51:19 - THAT PROTECTED ALL.

51:21 - >>SO THERE IS A THEORY THAT IF

51:22 - YOU YOU CREATE ALMOST LIKE A

51:23 - GATEWAY.

51:25 - >>PROPERTY THAT YOU COULD

51:26 - INTERPRET THE BATTLE AND HAVE

51:28 - MAPS AND AND DISPLAYS.

51:31 - BUT THEN YOU GO OUT AND DRIVE

51:32 - ON YOUR OWN BECAUSE IT'S ALL

51:33 - FARMLAND ANYWAY. AND BRANDY ONE

51:35 - IS UNFORTUNATELY AN EXAMPLE

51:37 - THAT WERE THE STATE THOUGHT.

51:39 - WELL, IF WE GET THE 50 ACRES ON

51:40 - A MAJOR ROAD US ROUTE, ONE WILL

51:43 - THE VISITOR CENTER PEOPLE COME

51:44 - LEARN ABOUT THE BOW WATCH A

51:45 - MOVIE AND THEN WE'LL GET THE

51:47 - MAP AND THEY CAN GO DRIVE AND

51:48 - LOOK AT THE GROUND. WE DON'T

51:50 - NEED TO SAVE THE CONSOLE

51:51 - FARMLAND. ANYONE WELL, THEY

51:52 - WEREN'T THINKING 30, 40 YEARS.

51:54 - AND IF AND WHEN, YOU KNOW YOUR

51:56 - SUBURB OF PHILADELPHIA AND

51:58 - EVERYBODY WANT TO LIVE OUT HERE

51:59 - AND DO BIG GIANT HOUSES AND ON

52:01 - THE BATTLEFIELD AND BUT BRING

52:04 - WAS NOT THE ONLY PLACE THAT

52:05 - THAT HAPPENED. THERE WAS A LOT

52:05 - OF PLACES THAT HAPPENED.

52:07 - >>ON THAT NOTE, I'D LIKE TO

52:08 - THANK MY GUESTS FOR JOINING

52:09 - US TODAY. AS ALWAYS, IF YOU

52:11 - HAVE QUESTIONS ABOUT TODAY'S OF

52:13 - RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE

52:14 - EPISODES, PLEASE VISIT OUR

52:16 - WEBSITE AT PCN TV DOT COM FOR

52:19 - EVERYBODY HERE. BATTLEFIELD

52:20 - PENNSYLVANIA. I'M BREAK RIGHTS

52:22 - ARE SAYING SO LONG.